NITROGEN FLOWS IN AGROPHYTOCENOSIS ON SODDY-PODZOLIC SOIL (research with 15n )

1970 ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
А. А. Zavalin ◽  
О. А. Sokolov ◽  
N. Ya. Shmyreva
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Soddy Podzolic Soil ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Stress Mode ◽  
Nitrogen Flows

Micro-field experiment was carried out with the application of oats and timothy biomass, and nitrogen fertilizer marked by stable isotope of the 15N, and manure for the use of nitrogen by plants, and the flows of this element were analyzed in the system "fertilizer -soil-atmosphere". It was found that the barley consumes the most amount fertilizer nitrogen and soil nitrogen when applying a nitrogen mineral fertilizer; the consumption of the oats and timothy nitrogen biomass decreases by 18-36% and 6-36% respectively. Application of the oats and timothy biomass increases nitrogen immobilization in the soil and agrophytocenose resistance from 1.6 to 1.8 times, decreases gaseous losses of their nitrogen from 1.4 to 2.0 times in comparison with nitrogen fertilizer (stress mode). Manure application decreases nitrogen losses from the oats and timothy biomass by 1.6 times. Maximum yield of grain the barley forms when using nitrogen fertilizer as a result of its access in the soil. Application the cereal crops biomass either separately, or along with manure reduces the yield of barley by 30-13% compared with nitrogen fertilizers, which affect nitrogen flows in the agroecosystem.

scholarly journals The consumption of nitrogen of perennial legume-grass mixture on the second year of life (study with 15n)

2019 ◽  
pp. 36-38
Author(s):  
N. Ya. Shmyreva ◽  
A. A. Zavalin ◽  
O. A. Sokolov ◽  
V. A. Litvinsky
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Local Application ◽  
Life Study ◽  
Second Year Of Life ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Perennial Legume

On the eroded sod-podzolic soil of the drive-separated part of the slope in the 3rd rotation of the crop rotation, the consumption of nitrogen fertilizer by herbs increases by 20%, soil nitrogen by 67%, and symbiotic by 23% compared to its lower part. This reduces the immobilization of nitrogen fertilizer, and increase its gaseous losses. Localization of nitrogen fertilizer increases grass consumption of nitrogen fertilizer by 14%, soil nitrogen by 7-10% and symbiotic nitrogen by 26-53% compared to the scattered method of its application. With local application of nitrogen fertilizer grass better (1.1-1.2 times) use nitrogen fertilizer, it is more (1.1-1.2 times) is fixed in the soil and less (1.6-2.6 times) is lost in the form of gaseous compounds compared to the scattered method of its application. This increases the productivity of herbs by 6-11%, the content of raw protein in the phytomass by 0.3-1.1% and reduces the amount of nitrates by 7-16%.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF PRODUCTIVITY OF SUNFLOWER HYBRIDS DEPENDING ON THE LEVEL OF FERTILIZATION AND HUMIDITY CONDITIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 208-220
Author(s):  
Viktor Mazur ◽  
Ihor Didur ◽  
Viacheslav Tsyhanskyi ◽  
Smiylo Malamaura
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

Currently, there is a significant gap between the production and consumption of vegetable oils in Ukraine, as a significant part of them is exported to the European Union. Therefore, in order to quantify the comparative performance of different sunflower hybrids under the influence of different moisture conditions and nitrogen fertilizer rates, this study was conducted. The studied variants included three hybrids of sunflower Hysun 33, Hysun 38 and Pioneer-64A93, five rates of nitrogen fertilizers (0, 60, 120, 180, 240 kg of nitrogen per 1 ha ), arranged randomly in quadruplicate. Field research was conducted for two years under three different conditions of moisture (insufficient, unstable and sufficient) in the research areas of Vinnytsia National Agrarian University. The results of the study showed that the productivity of sunflower hybrids varied greatly in response to the application of nitrogen fertilizers and different humidification conditions. The maximum seed yield of 3,177 t / ha was obtained under conditions of sufficient moisture. Among the studied hybrids, the hybrid Hysun 38, surpassed the other two hybrids, providing a yield of 3.083 t / ha and a seed oil content of 41%. There was an increase in the yield of hybrids with increasing rates of nitrogen fertilizers, and the maximum yield was obtained by applying 180 kg / ha of nitrogen in dr. Studies have shown that the yield potential of hybrid Hysun 38 can be fully used by applying nitrogen fertilizers at a rate of 180 kg / ha in conditions of insufficient moisture. Higher nitrogen levels contributed to the significant formation of vegetative mass, thus balancing in favor of reproductive growth. Achieving a yield plateau with 180 kg / ha of nitrogen fertilizers means that an additional dose of nitrogen fertilizers did not contribute to further yield growth. The presence of a strong correlation between the yield of hybrids and nitrogen norms indicates that the yield depends on the presence of a sufficient amount of nitrogen in the soil. The highest yield was obtained by hybrid Hysun 38 - 3,662 t / ha with the introduction of 180 kg / ha of nitrogen. The oil content in the seeds varied significantly depending on different moisture conditions, hybrids and nitrogen fertilizer rates. The maximum oil content of 42.8% was obtained in conditions of sufficient moisture, in conditions of unstable - 40.9% and in conditions of insufficient - 40.4%

scholarly journals Sustainability of the agroecosystem in the application of fertilizers and biopreparations

2019 ◽  
pp. 35-37
Author(s):  
A. A. Alferov ◽  
L. S. Chernova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Total Removal ◽  
Maximum Permissible Level ◽  
Net Mineralization ◽  
Nitrogen Flows

The formation of biomass of spring wheat on sod-podzolic soil is mainly due to soil nitrogen, the share of which reaches 4/5 of the total removal of the element when using mineral fertilizers. Inoculation increases the nitrogen content of fertilizers by 4.5%, reduces losses by 7%; there is some tendency to increase the immobilization of N fertilizers. The sustainability of the agroecosystem is characterized by nitrogen flows. During the growing season of spring wheat, the amount of mineralized nitrogen depending on the fertilizer reached 17.4-18.0 g/m2, while the amount of remobilized nitrogen was 4.4-4.9 g/m2, net-mineralization (N-M) – 13.1 g/m2. The inoculation of RA seeds does not significantly affect the processes of mineralization (M) and remobilization (RI), only a positive trend of growth of mineralization and remobilization of nitrogen in the soil is observed. The use of nitrogen fertilizer leads agroecosystem in a resistant state-the zone of the maximum permissible level of exposure (RI:M=25%, N-M:RI=3.0). On average, over the years of research, inoculation of RA seeds does not change the indicators of sustainability of agroecosystem when applying fertilizers.

scholarly journals Fluxes of 15N, soil nitrogen in sod-podzolic soil in spring wheat crops under inoculation with Rhyzoagrin

2021 ◽  
Vol 901 (1) ◽  
pp. 012067
Author(s):  
A A Alferov ◽  
L S Chernova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Biological Product ◽  
Loamy Soil ◽  
Absolute Size ◽  
Hydrothermal Coefficient ◽  
Integral Assessment ◽  
Nitrogen Flows

Abstract In a microfield experiment using a labeled nitrogen 15N fertilizer on sod-podzolic light loamy soil for 11 years during the cultivation of spring wheat and the use of a biological product based on a strain belonging to the genus Agrobakterium radiobakter (strain 204), nitrogen flows in the fertilizer – soil – plant system were studied. The utilization rate of spring wheat labeled with 15N ammonium nitrate averaged 40% of the amount applied. The absolute size of the immobilization in the structure of the labeled nitrogen balance of the mineral fertilizer was 27-30%. Inoculation with Rhyzoagrin does not significantly affect the nitrogen immobilization of the mineral fertilizer. The gaseous losses of labeled nitrogen of the mineral fertilizer were 33% of those applied to the background of the phosphorus and potash fertilizers and decreased with inoculation with Rhyzoagrin to 29%. The use of an integral assessment showed that the agroecosystem functioned in the resistance mode on sod-podzolic light-loamy soil when using mineral nitrogen fertilizer. The dependence of the indicator RI: M, % of the HTC (hydrothermal coefficient) expressed by the equation y = -24, 506x2 + 43,462 x + 15,251 at R2 = 0.7416 is established.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Flows and Sustainability of Agrosystem

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 4961-4966
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Biological Product ◽  
Positive Tendency ◽  
Seed Inoculation ◽  
Nitrogen Flows

In the experiment through sod-podzolic soil, nitrogen flows were estimated in agrocoenosis when applied under spring wheat using 15N ammonium nitrate labeled with isotope and white mustard biomass as a siderate. It was established that the increase of grain yield from the use of N45 is 42%, the siderate – 58%, their joint introduction – 99%, from seed inoculation with the Rizoagrin biopreparation – 16%. 60 - 80% of spring wheat harvest is formed due to soil nitrogen, the share of "extra" nitrogen reaches 14%. Plants use 41% of ammonia nitrate nitrogen for crop formation, and 23% of the siderate. Seed inoculation with a biological product increases plant nitrogen intake of mineral fertilizer by 5 - 9%. 26% of ammonium nitrate nitrogen and 33% of siderate nitrogen are fixed in the soil, the biological product does not affect this process. Unaccounted losses of 15N mineral fertilizer make up 32% of the applied amount and reduced by 8% when adding ammonium nitrate and inoculating seeds. The loss of labeled siderate nitrogen is 25% of the amount deposited, the use of the biological product increases the nitrogen consumption of N-fertilizers and provides a positive tendency for green manure nitrogen to fix in the soil and reduces its loss by 4%. On sod-podzolic light loamy soil, agroecosystem functions in the homeostasis mode (norm) when using green manure, in the stress mode (permissible) – when sharing green manure and mineral nitrogen fertilizer. When using only ammonium nitrate, agroecosystem operates in resistance mode. Differences in the performance of agroecosystems among variants with the inoculation of spring wheat with Rizoagrin and without it have not been established.

scholarly journals Influence of limestone ameliorants and fertilizers on the winter wheat productivity in crop rotation

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (98) ◽  
pp. 58-67
Author(s):  
V. M. Poliovyi ◽  
L. A. Yashchenko ◽  
H. F. Rovna ◽  
B. V. Huk ◽  
N. O. Yuvchyk
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Soddy Podzolic Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Yield Structure ◽  
Sulfur Fertilizers

The influence of mineral fertilizer (N120P60K90) with sulfur addition, and foliar dressing by micronutrients, various doses, and types of limestone ameliorants on the formation of the morphological structure and the productivity of winter wheat was shown. The aim of the research was to establish the regularities of various forms and doses of chemical ameliorants in combination with mineral fertilizers influence on the yield of winter wheat on soddy-podzolic soil in the conditions of the West Polyssia. The application of ameliorants on the background of fertilization increased the indicators of the yield structure and plants survival. The highest results were obtained by using 1,5 and 1,0 doses dolomite flour (determined by the hydrolytic acidity) in complex with S40 and foliar dressing with microfertilizer. The obtained results were ear length – 9,0 and 9,2 cm, number of grains in an ear – 41,1 and 41,4 pcs. The mass of 1000 grains were respectively 43,8 and 43,7 g. The death of plants during the vegetation season from germination to harvesting was low – 18,2 and 19,0 %. It was founded that among the studied various doses and forms of limestone ameliorants on the background of N120P60K90, the application of 1,5 doses of dolomite flour contributed to increase pHKCl by 1,93 units (initial data pHKCl 4,47) and to grow up the winter wheat productivity on soddy-podzolic soil. The highest yield a 3,9 and 4,0 t/ha were ensured by the application of 1,5 doses and 1,0 doses dolomite flour in combination with S40 and microfertilizer on the background of N120P60K90. The yield increase to the control (without fertilizers) was 2,61 and 2,71 t/ha, to the background (N120P60K90) – 1,58 and 1,68 t/ha. The addition of sulfur fertilizers (S40) and two-time foliar feeding with Nutrivant Plus Cereals (2 kg/ha) during the spring tillering phase and stem elongation provided an 8% increase in yield.

NITROGEN CYCLES IN CROP ROTATIONS DIFFERING IN FERTILIZATION

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saulius GUŽYS ◽  
Stefanija MISEVIČIENĖ
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Drainage Water ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Cereal Crop

The use of nitrogen fertilizer is becoming a global problem; however continuous fertilization with nitrogen ensures large and constant harvests. An 8 year research (2006–2013) was conducted to evaluate the relationships between differently fertilized cultivated plant rotations. The research was conducted in Lipliunai (Lithuania) in the agroecosystem with nitrogen metabolism in fields with deeper carbonaceous soil, i.e. Endocalcari Endohypogleyic Cambisol (CMg-n-w-can). The research area covered three drained plots where crop rotation of differently fertilized cereals and perennial grasses was applied. Samples of soil, water and plants were investigated in the Chemical Analysis Laboratory of the Aleksandras Stulginskis University certified by the Environment Ministry of the Republic of Lithuania. The greatest productivity was found in a crop rotation with higher fertilization (N32-140). In crop rotation with lower fertilization (N24-90) productivity of cereals and perennial grasses (N0-80) was 11–35 % lower. The highest amount of mineral soil nitrogen was found in cereal crop rotation with higher fertilization. It was influenced by fertilization and crop productivity. The lowest Nmin and Ntotal concentrations in drainage water were found in grasses crop rotation. Crop rotations of differently fertilized cereals increased nitrogen concentration in drainage water. Nmin concentration in water depended on crop productivity, quantity of mineral soil nitrogen, fertilization, and nitrogen balance. The lowest nitrogen leaching was found in the crop rotation of grasses. Cereal crop rotation increased nitrogen leaching by 12–42 %. The usage of all crop rotations resulted in a negative nitrogen balance, which essentially depended on fertilization with nitrogen fertilizer.

Productivity and quality of soybean seeds with different fertilization on podzolized chernozem

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (97) ◽  
pp. 136-144
Author(s):  
H.M. Hospodarenko ◽  
◽  
I.V. Prokopchuk ◽  
K. P. Leonova ◽  
V.P. Boyko
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Different Doses

The productivity of agricultural crops is the most variable and integral indicator of their vital activity, which accumulates their genetic potential, soil fertility, weather conditions and components of agricultural technology. Soybean under optimal growing conditions (the reaction of the soil is close to neutral, sufficient phosphorus and potassium nutrition, the use of nitraginization) assimilates from the air about 70 % of the total nitrogen requirement. Therefore, it is believed that it is enough to apply only a starting dose of nitrogen fertilizers (20–40 kg/ha a. s.), to get a high yield with good indicators of grain quality. The results of studies of the influence of long-term (8 years) application of different doses and ratios of fertilizers in field crop rotation on podzolized chernozem in the conditions of the Right -Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine on the yield and quality of soybean seeds preceded by spring barley were presented. It was found that crop yields could be increased by 18–77 % owing to different doses, ratios and types of fertilizers. The highest indicators of seed yields for three years of the research (3,02 t/ha) were obtained under the application of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N110P60K80 per 1 ha of crop rotation area, including under soybean – N60P60K60. Exclusion of the nitrogen component from the complete fertilizer (N60P60K60) reduced its yield by 26 %, phosphorus – by 17, and potassium by 11 %. There was no significant decrease in soybean yield in the variant of the experiment with a decrease in the proportion of potassium in the composition of complete mineral fertilizer (N60P60K30) for three years of study. The largest mass of 1000 soybean seeds was formed at doses of N60К60 fertilizers, and their protein content — under the application of complete mineral fertilizer in doses of N60P60K60 and N60P60K30.

INFLUENCE OF CULTIVATION DEGREE OF SOD-PODZOLIC SOIL ON RESPONSIVENESS OF SOWING PEAS TO NITROGEN NUTRITION LEVEL

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Cultivated Soil ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
Microbial Preparation ◽  
Harvest Maturity

The article presents the results of a vegetation experiment on studying an effect of increasing doses of nitrogen (factor С - N0; No.o5; No.io; N015; No.2o; N0,25 g/kg of absolutely dry soil) and pre-sowing inoculation of seeds with biological preparation "Risotorphine" (factor В - no inoculation; by inoculation) on the formation of vegetative mass and grain yield ofpeas at cultivating in the conditions of a poorly cultivated (factor A0) and of a medium cultivated (factor A f sod-podzolic soil. Cultivation degree of soil was expressed by such criteria as power of an arable horizon, value of metabolic acidity and content of mobile phosphorus, a degree of saturation of soil with bases. For experience tab there were used Mitscher-lich cups with a capacity of 5 kg of absolutely dry soil (a.d.s.), in 16 repetitions of options. The experiments were conducted in the conditions of vegetation site on the territory of University Scientific Centre "Lipogorie" of FSBEI Perm GATA, guided by a science-based methodology. When harvesting peas for a green mass more intensive development and productivity of plants (23.3 and 58.9, 40.0, 78.8 g/cup, respectively) in the phase of stem branching and budding a beginning offlowering that is recorded for its use on the background of inoculation, usage of mineral nitrogen in a dose of 0.10 g/kg on a poorly cultivated soil and 0.15 g/kg a.d.s. on a medium cultivated soil. Applying of higher doses of nitrogen has a depressing effect on development of assimilating surface of pea plants on a poorly and a medium cultivated soil. When raising pea plants before harvest maturity of grain: in the conditions of a poorly cultivated soil for yield at the level of 7.92 g/cup, the process of carrying on only an inoculation of seed with microbial preparation "Rizotorfin" can be considered; in the medium cultivated soil varieties, plant peas impose higher requirements for the level of mineral nutrition the maximum yield in the experiment (which 9.22 g/cup), noted at a combined use of inoculation and mineral nitrogen in a dose of 0.20 g/kg a.d.s.

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