Electrical Probing and Surface Imaging of Deep Sub-Micron Integrated Circuits

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Krieg ◽  
Richard Qi ◽  
Douglas Thomson ◽  
Greg Bridges
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Real Time ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Time Signal ◽  
Surface Imaging ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Submicron Structures ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
Capacitive Loading

Abstract A contact probing system for surface imaging and real-time signal measurement of deep sub-micron integrated circuits is discussed. The probe fits on a standard probe-station and utilizes a conductive atomic force microscope tip to rapidly measure the surface topography and acquire real-time highfrequency signals from features as small as 0.18 micron. The micromachined probe structure minimizes parasitic coupling and the probe achieves a bandwidth greater than 3 GHz, with a capacitive loading of less than 120 fF. High-resolution images of submicron structures and waveforms acquired from high-speed devices are presented.

Splash formation by spherical drops

2001 ◽  
Vol 427 ◽  
pp. 73-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
LIOW JONG LENG
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Scaling Laws ◽  
Capillary Wave ◽  
Water Drop ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
The Impact

The impact of a spherical water drop onto a water surface has been studied experimentally with the aid of a 35 mm drum camera giving high-resolution images that provided qualitative and quantitative data on the phenomena. Scaling laws for the time to reach maximum cavity sizes have been derived and provide a good fit to the experimental results. Transitions between the regimes for coalescence-only, the formation of a high-speed jet and bubble entrapment have been delineated. The high-speed jet was found to occur without bubble entrapment. This was caused by the rapid retraction of the trough formed by a capillary wave converging to the centre of the cavity base. The converging capillary wave has a profile similar to a Crapper wave. A plot showing the different regimes of cavity and impact drop behaviour in the Weber–Froude number-plane has been constructed for Fr and We less than 1000.

Real-time, parallel segmentation of high-resolution images on multi-core platforms

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Forsthoefel Fitzgerald ◽  
D. Scott Wills ◽  
Linda M. Wills
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Real Time ◽  
High Resolution Images

High-resolution transmission electron microscopic investigations of molybdenum thin films on faceted α-Al2O3

2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonore Wiehl ◽  
Jens Oster ◽  
Michael Huth
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Epitaxial Relationship ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
Α Al2o3 ◽  
Relationship Of

Epitaxially grown Mo films on a faceted corundum (α-Al2O3)mplane were investigated by transmission electron microscopy. Low- and high-resolution images were taken from a cross-section specimen cut perpendicular to the facets. It was possible to identify unambiguously the crystallographic orientation of these facets and explain the considerable deviation (∼10°) of the experimental interfacet angle, as measured with atomic force microscopy (AFM), from the expected value. For the first time, proof is given for a smooth \{10\bar{1}1\} facet and a curvy facet with orientation near to \{10\bar{1}\bar{2}\}. Moreover, the three-dimensional epitaxial relationship of an Mo film on a faceted corundummsurface was determined.

scholarly journals Real-time visualization of conformational changes within single MloK1 cyclic nucleotide-modulated channels

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Rangl ◽  
Atsushi Miyagi ◽  
Julia Kowal ◽  
Henning Stahlberg ◽  
Crina M. Nimigean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Conformational Changes ◽  
Cyclic Nucleotide ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Stable Conformation ◽  
Mesorhizobium Loti ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Real Time Visualization

AbstractEukaryotic cyclic nucleotide-modulated (CNM) ion channels perform various physiological roles by opening in response to cyclic nucleotides binding to a specialized cyclic nucleotide-binding domain. Despite progress in structure-function analysis, the conformational rearrangements underlying the gating of these channels are still unknown. Here, we image ligand-induced conformational changes in single CNM channels from Mesorhizobium loti (MloK1) in real-time, using high-speed atomic force microscopy. In the presence of cAMP, most channels are in a stable conformation, but a few molecules dynamically switch back and forth (blink) between at least two conformations with different heights. Upon cAMP depletion, more channels start blinking, with blinking heights increasing over time, suggestive of slow, progressive loss of ligands from the tetramer. We propose that during gating, MloK1 transitions from a set of mobile conformations in the absence to a stable conformation in the presence of ligand and that these conformations are central for gating the pore.

scholarly journals Contact-Mode High-Resolution High-Speed Atomic Force Microscopy Movies of the Purple Membrane

2009 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 1354-1361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacio Casuso ◽  
Noriyuki Kodera ◽  
Christian Le Grimellec ◽  
Toshio Ando ◽  
Simon Scheuring
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Purple Membrane ◽  
Contact Mode ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force
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