Introduction

2004 ◽  
pp. 1-47
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
Solid Materials ◽  
Principal Characteristics ◽  
Parent Materials ◽  
Intermetallic Growth ◽  
Joint Gap ◽  
Mechanical Fastening ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Solid State Joining

Abstract Soldering and brazing represent one of several types of methods for joining solid materials. These methods may be classified as mechanical fastening, adhesive bonding, soldering and brazing, welding, and solid-state joining. This chapter summarizes the principal characteristics of these joining methods. It presents a comparison between solders and brazes. Further details on pressure welding and diffusion bonding are also provided. The chapter briefly reviews the concepts of surface energy and surface tension, wetting and contact angle, fluid flow, filler spreading characteristics, surface roughness of components, dissolution of parent materials and intermetallic growth, significance of the joint gap, and the strength of metals. It examines the principal aspects related to the design and application of soldering processes.

Introduction

2005 ◽  
pp. 1-46
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Solid Materials ◽  
Principal Characteristics ◽  
Parent Materials ◽  
Joint Gap ◽  
New Phase

Abstract Brazing and soldering jointly represent one of several methods for joining solid materials. This chapter summarizes the principal characteristics of the various joining methods. It then discusses key parameters of brazing including surface energy and tension, wetting and contact angle, fluid flow, filler spreading characteristics, surface roughness of components, dissolution of parent materials, new phase formations, significance of the joint gap, and the strength of metals. The chapter also describes issues in processing aspects that must be considered when designing a joint, and the health, safety, and environmental aspects of brazing.

Joining by forming of metal–polymer sandwich composite panels

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (10) ◽  
pp. 2089-2098 ◽  
Author(s):  
João PM Pragana ◽  
Tomás RM Contreiras ◽  
Ivo MF Bragança ◽  
Carlos MA Silva ◽  
Luis M Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
Sandwich Composite ◽  
Composite Panels ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Joining By Forming ◽  
Bulk Forming ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Mechanical Fastening ◽  
Mortise And Tenon ◽  
Metal Polymer

This article presents new joining-by-forming processes to assemble longitudinally two metal–polymer sandwich composite panels perpendicular to one another. Process design draws from an earlier development of the authors for metal sheets to new concepts based on the combination of sheet-bulk forming with mortise-and-tenon joints. Selected examples obtained from experimentation and finite element modelling give support to the presentation. A new three-stage joining by the forming process is capable of producing mechanically locked joints with larger and stiffer flat-shaped heads than those fabricated by alternative single- or two-stage solutions. Failure in the new three-stage joining by the forming process is found to take place by cracking instead of disassembling after unbending the flat-shaped head of the joint back to its original shape. The required forming forces to produce the new metal–polymer joints are below 15 kN, allowing them to be an effective, easy-to-implement alternative to existing solutions based on adhesive bonding, welding and mechanical fastening.

Review on the Fatigue of Composite Hybrid Joints Used in Aircraft Structures

2014 ◽  
Vol 891-892 ◽  
pp. 1591-1596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabil Chowdhury ◽  
Wing Kong Chiu ◽  
John Wang
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Engineering Industry ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
Static Testing ◽  
Hybrid Joints ◽  
Mechanical Fastening

The use of composite materials as a replacement for commonly used metals such as aluminium and steel are increasing in the engineering industry, particularly in the aerospace sector. The move towards light weight and high stiffness structures that have good fatigue durability and corrosion resistance has led to the rapid move from metal to composites. This change allows for further flexibility in design and fabrication of various components and joints. There are three main categories of joints used in composite materials – mechanically fastened joints, adhesively bonded joints and the combination of the two called hybrid joints. In order to adequately understand the effectiveness of these joints, substantial testing and validation is required, particularly in the use of hybrid joints for real life applications. Static testing, load distribution and parametric studies of hybrid joints have been investigated by various researchers; however further work is still required in understanding the durability and fatigue of hybrid joints and ensuring that both the adhesive and mechanical fasteners can work together effectively in producing an optimum joint. Mechanical fastening alone in composite laminates is not a preferred joining method as they create high stress concentrations around the fastener holes. Adhesive bonding although has numerous benefits it is difficult to detect the bond defect particularly in cases where weak bonds can occur during applications and it is sensitive towards the environmental conditions. Thus hybrid joints are seen arguably as being more effective in joining composite components together and offer greater residual strength. Hence the performance, strength and long-term durability of these joints need to be further investigated and be applied to practical situations whilst assisting in repair certification.

Failure of carbon composite-to-aluminum joints with combined mechanical fastening and adhesive bonding

2006 ◽  
Vol 75 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 192-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Hwe Kweon ◽  
Jae-Woo Jung ◽  
Tae-Hwan Kim ◽  
Jin-Ho Choi ◽  
Dong-Hyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
Mechanical Fastening

scholarly journals European Adhesive Bonder

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-47
Author(s):  
Ana Barbosa ◽  
Lucas Da Silva ◽  
Ana Loureiro ◽  
Eduardo Marques ◽  
Ricardo Carbas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Approval Rate ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mechanical Fastening ◽  
Level Of Training ◽  
The University

Adhesive bonding is increasingly being used in industrial applications mainly due to its adaptability and ability to reliably join a wide range of materials. Numerous industrial sectors have now adopted adhesive bonding as a key manufacturing technology, with the automotive industry being the leader in adhesive usage. This is a key sector for the European Union (climate and energy policy, which has established a target of improving energy efficiency in the European Union by 20% by 2020. Consequently, this industry is constantly demanding lighter, stronger, more durable and more environmentally friendly materials. The increasing popularity of this technology is linked to the noteworthy benefits related with its application, compared to traditional joining process, such as welding or mechanical fastening process. With the increasing popularity of such joining techniques comes the necessity to train qualified professionals. The European Welding Federation developed a harmonized qualification system, which divides the training process into 3 levels: European Adhesive Bonder (EAB), Specialist (EAS) and Engineer (EAE). Currently, in Portugal, the first level of training, corresponding to European Adhesive Bonder is already in operation. The EAB level is accredited by the European Welding Federation (EWF) and therefore meets the requirements of EWF-515r1-10 and EWF-515r2-19 to which the Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto is bound as a result of the accreditation as an ATB (Authorized Training Body). This training is targeted for professionals using adhesive bonding technology and professionals who do not currently use this technology but want to use it, and as such has a strong practical component. In Portugal, since 2016, three EWF certified editions have been held, with a high approval rate and met the expectations and objectives of the participants.

scholarly journals Mechanical and Crash Behaviour of Sheet Moulding Compound Materials

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 096369350501400
Author(s):  
Qiang Yuan ◽  
Stuart Bateman ◽  
Lin Ye
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Mechanical Fastening ◽  
Mechanically Fastened ◽  
Sheet Moulding Compound ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Crash Behaviour ◽  
The Impact

The mechanical and crush behaviour of high-performance sheet moulding compounds (SMCs) was studied. SMC laminates and half tubes were consolidated using a hot press. SMC tubes were made using two half tubes joined together with adhesive bonding and/or mechanical fastening. Both high-toughness SMC (SMC-T) and high-strength SMC (SMC-S) showed excellent tensile and flexural properties under static loading. The fracture toughness of SMC-S was somewhat higher than that of SMC-T, but at room temperature the energy absorption of SMC-T was higher than that of SMC-S. However, the impact strength of SMC-T decreased rapidly with increasing temperature, while that of SMC-S dropped only slightly up to 100°C. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) results showed that SMC-S maintained its mechanical properties up to 150°C, while the storage modulus of SMC-T reduced rapidly with increasing temperature. SMC tubes were crushed at a speed of 500 mm/min. The specific energy absorption of both SMC-S and SMC-T tubes could reach 50 kJ/kg. The crush strength of the mechanically fastened SMC tubes was much higher than that of adhesively bonded ones.

scholarly journals The Strength Analysis of Hybrid (Bolted and Bonded) Single Lap joints for Composite Materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 4689-4692
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Lap Joints ◽  
Strength Analysis ◽  
Tightening Torque ◽  
Hybrid Joint ◽  
High Fatigue ◽  
Mechanical Fastening

The two joining techniques i.e. adhesive bonding and mechanical fastening combined are termed as hybrid joints. These kinds of joints mix the benefits of each the joining ways. The composite materials are used in structures at larger extend because of its properties like high strength to weight ratio, high fatigue resistance, high impact strength etc. The paper evaluates the mechanical behavior of Hybrid joint using composite as adherents subjected to tensile loading. The joint was observed to fail in two stages. Initially because of failure of adhesive and later by the failure of the bolt. The different parameters like overlap length, bolt size, tightening torque and adhesive thickness were studied and the significant factor were found to be overlap length, bolt size and tightening torque

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