scholarly journals Evaluation of Colour Versions of Wild Sage (Salvia nemorosa L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kaprinyák ◽  
J. Koronkai ◽  
A. A. Zsiláné ◽  
Gy. Szakadát ◽  
P. Lévai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Plant Biotechnology ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Medical Plant ◽  
Adaptation Ability ◽  
Ornamental Species

In the continental weather zone, more and more frequently occurring extreme conditions require continuous renewal of the market which generates constant challenge for the ornamental plant breeders. Most of the traditionally used decorative ornamental plants are sensitive to these extreme conditions. In 2001, Department of Plant Biotechnology, Debrecen University initiated an interdisciplinary breeding program in collaborations with Zoltan Kovats (he dealt with hungarian drought-tolerant plant species) to produce new or reintroduce forgotten drought-tolerant ornamental species into public parks and roadsides. From ~900 species of Salvia genus, Salvia nemorosa L. has been known as a medical plant, however, because of its high adaptation ability and decorative nature it is a highly recommended ornamental plant as well. Salvia nemorosa L. has a low maintenance, extremely droughttolerant, fast growing plant, generates proper cover, and highly competing weeds on roadsides. Nowadays, 50-60 varieties are available; however this number could be increased by new hybrids. Great morphological and colour variation could be seen within the species, from different white to deep violet. The main goal of this research is the production of elite lines with wide colour and morphological variation in wild sage. We have already obtained 25 different clones for further investigation without eliminating the original plants generating an in vitro gene bank as it has been done by Italian breeders.

scholarly journals A Review on Haploid and Double Haploids in Ornamental Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar Meena ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Dh Population ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Haploid Species ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Ornamental Species

Sporophyte plants with many gametophytic chromosomes are called haploid plants. These plants can be produced naturally or through in vitro or in vivo induction techniques. Double haploid (DH) can be obtained by doubling the number of haploid chromosomes spontaneously or artificially. They are homozygous, and this homozygosity will be realized in the life cycle of a generation using the DH production system. This production system is used to correct heterosis. Easy to interact with the DH population. DH can be used as parental inbreds of new varieties or self-pollinated plants or cross-pollinated plants. Haploids can be used to isolate mutants, especially if the mutant allele is not diploid. If the haploid is transformed immediately after the chromosome is copied, the plant can be obtained step by step. By combining biotechnological means with conventional methods, the important goal of improving cultivated plants can be achieved in a short time. This article analyzes the various developments in the field of haploid species related to economically important ornamental species.

scholarly journals Ornamental potential of the coastal plant Lapiedra martinezii Lag. (Amaryllidaceae): the role of its revalorization in xero-gardening and ex-situ conservation

2021 ◽  
pp. 211-226
Author(s):  
Jorge Juan Vicedo ◽  
Emilio Laguna ◽  
Segundo Ríos ◽  
José Casas
Keyword(s):  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
The Aesthetic

Lapiedra martinezii Lag. (Amaryllidaceae) is an autumn-flowering geophyte that grows in coastal and sublittoral environments. The interests on this species has come out during the last decades due to its content in bioactive alkaloids and its conservational status. The aim of this work was to review the available information on L. martinezii and to assess whether it could be introduced as ornamental plant in xero-gardening. Therefore, the aesthetic traits were analyzed and compared to other cultivated and wild plants. Also, information on its ecological and propagation requirements were checked to discern whether it could be adapted under different production systems and culture conditions. In addition, other aspects were also analyzed to identify strengths and limitations of this species for its further revalorization as ornamental plant. The results obtained suggest that L. martinezii could be a good choice as foliage plant to grow it on gardens as an alpine bulb or pot plant. Moreover, it might be quite well adapted under different production and culture conditions in dry and semi-arid regions. The horticultural traits related to its germination and in vitro multiplication are interesting strengths to bear in mind for its industrial propagation and early domestication. Finally considered, the introduction in xero-gardening could also help in its ex-situ conservation. However, a more-in-depth research would be needed to finally introduce it in the ornamental plants’ market.

scholarly journals In vitro regeneration and flowering of Portulaca grandiflora Hook

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Fernandes Cruz ◽  
Wolffe Ferreira dos Santos ◽  
Claudinei da Silva Souza ◽  
Marcelo Dias Machado ◽  
Ilio Fealho de Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Floral Buds ◽  
Explant Source ◽  
Portulaca Grandiflora ◽  
Ornamental Species

Abstract P. grandiflora is a known ornamental plant with abundant flowering. The flowers exhibit varied coloration with distinct forms and simple folded petals and/or multiple. The objective of this work was to induce regeneration via organogenesis and in vitro flowering of P. grandiflora. Nodal segments of seedlings germinated in vitro were used as explant source for regeneration. Kinetin (KIN) and 6-Benzylaminopurine (BA) were used for the induction of organogenesis. The treatments supplemented with 1.0 and 1.5 mg L−1 BA induced the highest number of adventitious shoots with an average number of 7.0 (±1.55) e 5.4 (±0.83), respectively. The microcuttings obtained from regenerated shoots produced floral buds. The floral buds were located in the axillary and terminal regions of the microcuttings and developed in approximately 10 days of cultivation until the anthesis. The highest number of flower buds was observed in the presence of 0.75 mg L−1 of gibberellic acid. This study opens new perspectives for the establishment of biotechnological tools to be applied for this important ornamental species.

scholarly journals Employment of encapsulation-dehydration method for liquid nitrogen cryopreservation of ornamental plant explants propagated in vitro

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bożena Pawłowska
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Liquid Media ◽  
Quick Method ◽  
Liquid Solutions ◽  
Axillary Meristems ◽  
Galanthus Nivalis ◽  
Sucrose Level

Abstract In the present studies, an attempt has been made to develop a method of liquid nitrogen preservation of plant explants propagated in vitro in the laboratory of the Department of Ornamental Plants, of Agricultural University in Kraków: shoot apical and axillary meristems of Rosa ‘New Dawn’, somatic embryos of snowdrops Galanthus nivalis L. and G. elwesii Hook, and gametophyte of Phlebodium aureum (L.) J. Sm. (golden polypody). After encapsulation of plant material, it was dehydrated by quick method (capsules were placed in liquid media containing 0.75 M sucrose for 18 h) or by gradual method (capsules were transferred to liquid solutions of media with increasing sucrose concentrations from 0.3 M to 1 M for consecutive 7 days). Moreover, some explants for cryopreservation were treated with the medium containing elevated sucrose level (0.25 M) for 8 weeks

scholarly journals Curriculum Development and Training on Flowers and Ornamental Plant Production Practices in Rural Senegal with Winrock International and the USAID Farmer-to-farmer Program

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
John L. Griffis
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
Production Practices ◽  
Rural Training

In most highly developed countries, landscaping and ornamental plants are routine components of the urban environment. However, in many Third World countries, this is not the situation outside of the larger cities. Landscaping and ornamentals are associated with hotels, public parks, offices, government buildings, and wealth; they are not significant commodities in rural settings. However, as urban areas in these countries—such as Senegal—expand and modernize, there is an increased demand for ornamental plants. Senegal’s urban population has almost doubled during the past five decades, increasing from 23% in 1960 to 43% in 2013. New jobs and sources of income are available for individuals who are properly trained in ornamental plant production and maintenance. Senegal has several rural training centers where some courses in agronomy and vegetable production are taught, but ornamental plant production is not included in the curriculum. This U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) Farmer-to-Farmer project was conducted at one of those rural training centers at Djilor to introduce ornamental horticulture into the curriculum and to make students aware of ornamental plant production practices and the opportunities available to them if they become involved in a horticulture business.

RAPID IN VITRO PROPAGATION OF WESTERN GHATS CULTIVAR - COLOCASIA ESCULENTA FOR THE HIGH FREQUENCY OF PLANTLETS

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyothi R ◽  
Srinivasa Murthy K M ◽  
Hossein . ◽  
Veena .
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Colocasia Esculenta ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Rapid Multiplication ◽  
Medical Plant ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Planting Materials

Colocasia esculenta is commonly known as Taro, it is referred to as cocoyam in Nigeria. They are cherished for their rich taste, nutritional and medicinal properties. Every 100 g of taro corms possess 112 Kcal, 26.46 g carbohydrate, 1.50 g protein, 0.20 g total fat and 4.1g fiber (USDA National Nutrient Data Base). Besides its nutritional value, taro is used as a medical plant and provides bioactive compounds used as an anti-cancer drugs. Traditionally, cocoyams are vegetative propagated from tuber fragments, a practice that encourages pathogen distribution. Colocasia esculenta is a widely distributed food crop in the humid tropics and subtropics. Despite of its wide distribution, Taro plants are commonly infected with DsMV and other pathogens. This virus induces conspicuous mosaic, malformation, dwarfing or feathering on leaves in taro. As the results of infection, it reduces the quality and yield of taro production greatly. This virus is thus considered as a major limiting factor in the production of taro. Here plays the importance of  tissue culture plays a major role in producing the disease resistant plants round the year with high quality. For rapid multiplication and production of quality planting materials, tissue culture technology offers promising alternative compared to the traditional production methods. KEYWORDS: Colocasia esculenta, Virus, Pathogens, Conventional propagation, Micropropagation, Yield, Rapid multiplication, Quality

FUTURE PERSPECTIVE OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY: A REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
Gaurav Ranabhat ◽  
Ashmita Dhakal ◽  
Saurav Ranabhat ◽  
Ananta Dhakal ◽  
Rakshya Aryal
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pest ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Herbicide Tolerance ◽  
Plant Biotechnology ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
New Development ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Modern Biotechnology ◽  
Stable Yield ◽  
As Stress

Modern biotechnology enables an organism to produce a totally new product which the organism does not or cannot produce normally through the incorporation of the technology of ‘Genetic engineering’. Biotechnology shows its technical merits and new development prospects in breeding of new plants varieties with high and stable yield, good quality, as well as stress tolerance and resistance. Some of the most prevailing problems faced in agricultural ecosystems could be solved with the introduction of transgenic crops incorporated with traits for insect pest resistance, herbicide tolerance and resistance to viral diseases. Plant biotechnology has gained importance in the recent past for increasing the quality and quantity of agricultural, horticultural, ornamental plants, and in manipulating the plants for improved agronomic performance. Recent developments in the genome sequencing will have far reaching implications for future agriculture. From this study, we can know that the developing world adopts these fast-changing technologies soon and harness their unprecedented potential for the future benefit of human being.

Methods of experimental polyploidization and their use in apple breeding

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
L. V. Tashmatova ◽  
O. V. Matsneva ◽  
T. M. Khromova ◽  
V. V. Shakhov
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Time ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Colchicine Treatment ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Diploid Gametes

The article presents methods of experimental polyploidy of fruit, berry and ornamental plants. The purpose of this review is to highlight the problems and prospects of polyploidization of plants in the open ground and in vitro culture and the possibility of their application for apple trees. For the purpose of obtaining apple tetraploids as donors of diploid gametes, seed seedlings were treated with a solution of colchicine in concentrations of 0.1-0.4 % for 24 and 48 hours. Colchicine concentrations of 0.3 % and 0.4 % at 48 hours of treatment had a detrimental eff ect on their development. As a result, tetraploids and chimeras were obtained from seeds from free pollination of the varieties Orlik, Svezhest, Kandil Orlovsky, as well as from seeds obtained from crossing the varieties Svezhest×Bolotovskoe, Moskovskoe Оzherel’e×Imrus, Girlyanda×Venyaminovskoe. The optimal concentration of colchicine was 0.1 %. Methods of colchicine treatment have been studied: 1) adding to the nutrient medium, colchicine concentration: 0.01%, 0.02%, exposure time 24h-19 days; 2) applying amitotic solution to the growth point, colchicine concentration: 0.1 %, 0.2 %, exposure time 24h-7 days. To increase the penetration of colchicine through the cell walls, a 0.1 % dimexide solution was used. Studies have shown that high concentrations and prolonged exposure to colchicine reduce the viability of explants.

Appraisal of Immunological Impacts of Melaleuca leucadendra Extract over Macrophage Performance in Vitro

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Reduced Pressure ◽  
Medical Plant ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Level Production ◽  
Melaleuca Leucadendra ◽  
Phagocytic Killing

This trial research was performed to discuss the immune-influence of Melaleuca leucadendra ‘paper-bark tree’ dried leaves which is an important medical plant known in many regions in the world. The leaves were dissolved in a mixture of (ethanol + water) (3:1) mixture, then filtered, evaporated and dried under reduced pressure to obtain leaves extract. The macrophages of blood derived origin were provided from rats and mixed with three different leaves extracts doses in tissue culture plates and incubated then stained with fluorescent acridine orange and examined under fluorescent microscope to assess the phagocytic and killing potency. The wells contents were aspirated and assayed for nitric oxide and interleukin-2 levels. The results displayed an obvious increase in phagocytic, killing performance as well as nitric oxide and IL-2 level production than control in a dose dependent manner. The obtained results suggested the immune-stimulant impact of the paper-bark tree leaves.

Plant Biotechnology Workshop for High School Students

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 504e-504
Author(s):  
Erika Szendrak ◽  
Paul E. Read ◽  
Jon S. Miller
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Plant Biotechnology ◽  
Plant Science ◽  
High School Biology ◽  
School Students ◽  
Subsequent Transformation ◽  
Set Up

Modern aspects of many subjects (e.g., computer science and some aspects of medical science) are now taught in many high schools, but the plant sciences are often given short shrift. A collaboration was therefore established with a high school biology program in which pilot workshops could be developed to enable advanced students to gain insights into modern plant science techniques. A successful example is the workshop on plant biotechnology presented in this report. This workshop is simple and flexible, taking into account that most high school biology laboratories and classrooms are not set up for sophisticated plant science/biotechnology projects. It is suitable for from 10 to 30 students, depending upon space and facilities available. Students work in pairs or trios, and learn simple disinfestation and transfer techniques for micropropagation and potential subsequent transformation treatments. Students gain insights into: sterile technique and hygiene; plant hormones and their physiological effects; plant cell, tissue and organ culture; the influence of environmental factors on response of cells and tissues cultured in vitro; and an understanding of the phenomenon of organogenesis and resulting plant growth and development. This workshop has been tested on several classes of students and following analysis, several refinements were included in subsequent iterations. Results of the students' experiments have been positive and instructive, with student learning outcomes above expectations. Further details of the workshop techniques and approach will be presented.

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