scholarly journals Inter-incompatibility of self- incompatible apricots and their varietal properties

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Erdős ◽  
Z. Szabó ◽  
J. Nyéki
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Common Origin ◽  
Genetic Relation ◽  
Taxonomic Point

There are four apricot varieties grown in Hungary derived from local selections known to bear fruits of giant (60 - 100 g) size: Ceglédi óriás, Nagykőrösi óriás, Szegedi mammut and Ligeti óriás. Being morphologically similar, they seem to be closely related to each other. The detailed study of the morphology (of leaves and fruits) and phenology (of blooming and ripening dates) as well as the fertility relations was aimed to find out the degree of kinship between the varieties in question. It was stated that the value of morphological traits is variable from the taxonomic point of view. The most important signs of common origin were the time of blooming and the leaf size. Less valuable are the date of m:iurity and the size of fruit because of their variability. In the literature Satin') & Nyeki (1991) published the first proof of inter-incompatible relation between apricot varieties. This should be considered as an argument of close genetic relation between those "giant" varieties of apricots. The first three varieties. Ceglédi óriás, Nagykőrösi óriás and Szegedi mammut are closer related in blooming and ripening date, as well as in size of fruit to each other than the variety Ligeti óriás.  

New insights on the taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships of the Neotropical genus Phoebis (Pieridae: Coliadinae) revealed by molecular and morphological data

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4457 (1) ◽  
pp. 179 ◽  
Author(s):  
LEIDYS MURILLO-RAMOS ◽  
RENZO HERNÁNDEZ TORRES ◽  
RAYNER NÚÑEZ ÁGUILA ◽  
ROGER AYAZO
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Greater Antilles ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Taxonomic Point

Phoebis Hübner (1819) is a genus of the Neotropical subfamily Coliadinae (Lepidoptera: Pieridae). The highest diversity is found in the Greater Antilles islands in the Caribbean region. Although from the taxonomic point of view, Phoebis seems to be a stable genus, there is no phylogenetic hypothesis corroborating the monophyly of the genus. In this study, we used both morphological characters and a genetic dataset consisting of one mitochondrial (COI) and three nuclear markers (RpS5, MDH, Wingless). The matrix was concatenated and analysed with parsimony under implied weights (IW). Also, the concatenated data set was analysed using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference evolutionary methods, and ancestral states reconstruction with characters traditionally used for classification of Phoebis was carried out. The same topology was recovered by Parsimony, ML and BI analysis, and suggest that Phoebis is not a monophyletic genus, with Aphrissa and Rhabdodryas nested within it. Our findings allow us to consider the genera Rhabdodryas syn.rev. and Aphrissa syn.rev. to be synonyms of Phoebis. These results have implications for the systematics of Phoebis and the genera that should be accepted in Coliadinae.

scholarly journals Morphological variation in Staurastrum rotula (Zygnemaphyceae, Desmidiales) in the deepest natural Brazilian lake: essence or accident?

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
LG. Barbosa ◽  
GJM. Araujo ◽  
FAR. Barbosa ◽  
CEM. Bicudo
Keyword(s):  
Asexual Reproduction ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Tropical Lakes ◽  
Original Form ◽  
Infraspecific Taxa ◽  
Nutrients Availability ◽  
Taxonomic Point ◽  
Environmental Causes ◽  
Biomass Increase

For many decades, polymorphism and its consequences have only been studied from the taxonomic point of view. Presently, interest has switched to the environmental causes of morphological variation and its consequences in the form and essence of the species. This study aimed at evaluating desmids morphological modifications of Staurastrum rotula Nordstedt during inter-annual succession patterns in two warm monomitic tropical lakes: Dom Helvécio (19°45′- 19°48′45″S, 42°33′45″W) and Carioca (19°45′20″S, 42°37′12″W). The effect of thermal stability and light and nutrients availability was based on samples collected monthly from January 2002 to December 2006 compared the morphological modifications. Results indicated that morphological variation, asexual reproduction, theratological forms, mucilaginous envelope and fungal infection were highest in Lake Dom Helvécio and coincided with the biomass increase of species with complex morphology between September and March (stratification period). The Zmix oscillation, wind and rainfall occurring at the end of the mixing period and beginning of the stratification were suggested as autochthonous and allochthonous disturbance agents, respectively, identified as inducers of asexual reproduction and consequently of the morphological variation. It was suggested that incidence of parasitism may act as a potential controlling agent for the Staurastrum rotula population size. It was concluded that morphological variation represents accidents in the original form, i.e. in the desmid species essence, promoting the existence of ecoforms, not of new infraspecific taxa.

The variation of carbohydrates in various species of grasses and legumes

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 1507-1511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunihiko Ojima ◽  
Takeshi Isawa
Keyword(s):  
Relative Proportion ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Storage Carbohydrate ◽  
Taxonomic Point ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Heading Stage

Qualitative and quantitative determinations were made of the available carbohydrates and the component sugars of hemicellulose in the aerial parts of a number of species of grasses and legumes cultured in the northern area of Japan. Plant materials used were leaf sheaths and stems from 25 species of grasses in the heading stage, and of 5 species of legumes at the flowering stage. The plants were found to vary in the type of storage carbohydrate contained in the aerial parts. Some species contained fructosan and sucrose, others starch and sucrose, while a few species contained very little fructosan or starch but mainly sucrose. The fructosan-storing species are members of the subfamily Festucoidea which are native to temperate or cooler climates. The species classified under subfamilies Eragrostoidea, Panicoidea, and Bambsoidea which are native to warmer climates, accumulated starch rather than fructosan. The hemicelluloses of southern grasses also contained a higher proportion of glucose relative to xylose than those of the northern grasses or subfamily Festucoidea. The plants were classified into groups according to differences in the type and relative proportion of individual carbohydrates and the results are discussed from a taxonomic point of view.

scholarly journals Materials on the fauna of bivalve mollusks (Mollusca, Bivalvia) of the Taz river basin (Western Siberia)

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-32
Author(s):  
E. S. Babushkin
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
River Channels ◽  
The Core ◽  
Annotated List ◽  
Temporary Habitats ◽  
Taxonomic Point ◽  
First Time

Based on a study of samples made by the author, 70 species of freshwater bivalves belonging to 6 genera and 2 families are recorded for the Taz River basin (north of Western Siberia). An annotated list of bivalves of the Taz basin is provided, with data on species’ range, their findings in Western Siberia and within the studied area. Some information about bionomics and abundance of bivalves are given. 45 species are for the first time registered in this basin. Most studied molluscan communities are characterized by low species richness; the distribution of species by their occurrence was extremely uneven. 22 species are characterized as rare. The highest species richness of bivalves was found in river channels, rivers and brooks; the lowest - in temporary habitats. The core of the fauna is constituted by species with broadest range (cosmopolitan, trans Holarctic, trans Palearctic) as well as by taxa with European Siberian type of distribution. From the taxonomic point of view, the bivalve fauna of the Taz basin is relatively separated from the faunas of other river basins of Western Siberia and is more similar to the fauna of the Lower Yenisean zoogeographic province (sensu Starobogatov [1986]).

scholarly journals Genetic divergence of sweet potato genotypes based on morpho-agronomic traits

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-235
Author(s):  
Darllan JLSF de Oliveira ◽  
Maria Eduarda F Otoboni ◽  
Bruno E Pavan ◽  
Maria Isabel Andrade ◽  
Pablo F Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Peel Color

ABSTRACT Sweet potato is a vegetable of great importance in human consumption, due to its high nutritional value. It presents high phenotypic variation, with different forms of roots, leaves and vines. Given the above, we aimed to study the genetic divergence of sweet potato genotypes based on morpho-agronomic traits. The experiment was conducted in an experimental area of Unesp, Ilha Solteira Campus, located in Selvíria-MS. The experimental design used was randomized blocks with two replicates, including 200 genotypes and ‘Beauregard’ as a biofortified control. Shoot morphological traits of the genotypes were evaluated at 110 days and root morphological traits were evaluated at 127 days after planting. We used the obtained data to perform descriptive analysis, in percentage of phenotypic classes. In order to study genetic divergence, multivariate analysis was performed, grouping was done using Tocher’s and Ward’s methods. We also analyzed relative contribution of each trait for genetic divergence. Statistical analyzes were performed using Genes software and SAS. Wide genetic variability could be verified in the population studied in this experiment, being possible to obtain genetic gains in recombination between genotypes. Grouping using Tocher’s method was more effective for discriminating dissimilarity between genotypes. The low relative importance of leaf size, internode diameter and secondary peel color makes further evaluation of these traits unnecessary, reducing labor costs, cost and execution time.

Origins of the Japanese Language

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Vovin
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Relationship ◽  
Korean Peninsula ◽  
Northeast Asia ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Common Origin ◽  
Japanese Language ◽  
Language Family ◽  
The Real ◽  
Virtual Absence ◽  
Major Exception

The Northeast Asia is one of the unique points on the globe where there are many language isolates and portmanteau families. From a conservative point of view, the Japanese language is a member of such a portmanteau family that has recently and increasingly been called Japonic in the Western literature. While Japanese is unquestionably a member of this Japonic language family, which consists of two Japanese languages (Japanese itself and the moribund Hachijō language) and four or five relatively closely related Ryūkyūan languages (Amami, Okinawan, Miyako, Yaeyama, and possibly Yonaguni), attempts have also been made to establish a genetic relationship between Japanese and various other language families. Most of these attempts have been amateurish, a major exception being the Koreo-Japonic hypothesis, which still remains unproven as well. It is also quite likely that the Japonic language family (or, more precisely, Insular Japonic) is the only linguistic grouping whose genetic relationship can be established beyond any doubt. A genetic relationship is also likely to exist between Japonic and a number of fragmentarily attested languages that once flourished in the south and center of the Korean Peninsula, but that died out no later than 9th century A.D. The paucity of material available does not allow one to establish solid predictive-productive regular correspondences in many cases, but intuitively the genetic relationship seems to be a matter of fact. Anything beyond intuition, however, lies in the realm of conjecture and speculation. The alleged Koreo-Japonic relationship is best explained by a centuries-long contact relationship rather than by common origin, given such factors as the virtual absence of any kind of shared paradigmatic morphology, as well as by multiple problems in establishing the real (and not imaginable or made-to-fit) regular correspondences. The Japanese-“Altaic” hypothesis is even more speculative and far-fetched. Consequently, the conclusion is that the Japanese language or the Japonic language family has no demonstrable relationship with any other language family or language isolate on the planet.

scholarly journals Phytopathogenic Cercosporoid Fungi—From Taxonomy to Modern Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 8555
Author(s):  
Urszula Świderska-Burek ◽  
Margaret E. Daub ◽  
Elizabeth Thomas ◽  
Magdalena Jaszek ◽  
Anna Pawlik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Cercosporoid Fungi ◽  
Different Levels

Phytopathogenic cercosporoid fungi have been investigated comprehensively due to their important role in causing plant diseases. A significant amount of research has been focused on the biology, morphology, systematics, and taxonomy of this group, with less of a focus on molecular or biochemical issues. Early and extensive research on these fungi focused on taxonomy and their classification based on in vivo features. Lately, investigations have mainly addressed a combination of characteristics such as morphological traits, host specificity, and molecular analyses initiated at the end of the 20th century. Some species that are important from an economic point of view have been more intensively investigated by means of genetic and biochemical methods to better understand the pathogenesis processes. Cercosporin, a photoactivated toxin playing an important role in Cercospora diseases, has been extensively studied. Understanding cercosporin toxicity in relation to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production facilitated the discovery and regulation of the cercosporin biosynthesis pathway, including the gene cluster encoding pathway enzymes. Furthermore, these fungi may be a source of other biotechnologically important compounds, e.g., industrially relevant enzymes. This paper reviews methods and important results of investigations of this group of fungi addressed at different levels over the years.

The nomenclatural status of the nomina of amphibians and reptiles created by Garsault (1764), with a parsimonious solution to an old nomenclatural problem regarding the genus Bufo (Amphibia, Anura), comments on the taxonomy of this genus, and comments on some nomina created by Laurenti (1768)

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2447 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALAIN DUBOIS ◽  
ROGER BOUR
Keyword(s):  
Positive Result ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Bufo Bufo ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Bufo Viridis ◽  
Conservative Attitude ◽  
Taxonomic Point ◽  
Current Article ◽  
Eurasian Species

The nomenclatural consequences of the recent rediscovery of the works of Garsault (1764, 1765, 1767) in amphibians and reptiles are examined in detail. The 13 new nomina of these two groups created by Garsault (1764) distribute in three categories: (1) three of these nomina (Lacertus, Rana viridis, Testudo marina) cause no problem, being just junior synonyms of senior nomina created by Linnaeus (1758); (2) four of them (Bufo, Salamandra, Scincus, Vipera) become the valid nomina of taxa, in replacement of identical nomina created later by Laurenti (1768), thus entailing no change in the nomina of their included species and subspecies but changes in their complete nominal-complexes (including their authors and dates); (3) six of these nomina are here rejected as invalid senior synonyms (Ranetta, Serpens, Lacertus aquatilis, Lacertus terrestris) or homonyms (Lacertus viridis, Testudo terrestris) of nomina in current use, by virtue of Article 23.9.1 of the Code. A very positive result of the rediscovery of these works is that it allows to solve for the best an old nomenclatural problem, concerning the nucleospecies (type-species) of the genus Bufo: whereas the nucleospecies (type-species) of Bufo Laurenti, 1768 is Bufo viridis Laurenti, 1768, we hereby designate Rana bufo Linnaeus, 1758 as nucleospecies of Bufo Garsault, 1764. This case shows that it is sometimes possible, even in complex nomenclatural situations, to solve them through a proper use of the Rules of the Code, without having to appeal to the ICZN for the use of its Plenary-Powers. From a taxonomic point of view, we think the data published so far do not allow currently to stabilise the generic taxonomy of the BUFONIDAE. Pending additional data, we support a conservative attitude, maintaining in the genus Bufo most species traditionally referred to this genus. In particular, we think all Eurasian species of this family, which include several pairs of species known to be able to produce viable adult hybrids, should be kept in this genus, but in three distinct subgenera: Bufo Garsault, 1764 for the group including Bufo bufo (Linnaeus, 1758); Bufotes Rafinesque, 1815 for the group including Bufo viridis (Laurenti, 1768); and Epidalea Cope, 1864 for the group including Bufo calamita (Laurenti, 1768). This survey also allows to discuss the appropriateness of the current Article 11.9.5 dealing with specific trinomina, especially as they appear in Laurenti (1768), and to point again to the need to implement more drastic Rules regarding the conditions required for a nomen being compliant for protection through Article 23.9.1 of the Code.

Cretaceous ammonite collection from Texas: R. Lasswitz, die Kreide-Ammoniten von Texas

1994 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1409-1409
Author(s):  
H. C. Klinger
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Taxonomic Point ◽  
Cretaceous Fossils

In 1904 R. Lasswitz described a collection of Cretaceous ammonites from Texas, most of which were collected in 1846 by Ferdinand Roemer. Apart from the historical value of the collection, Lasswitz described several new species, which also makes the collection important from a taxonomic point of view. According to Lasswitz, in his plate descriptions, all the original (figured) specimens of the (Roemer) collection were housed in the “Königlich Geologisches Museum” in Breslau. Adkins (1928) in his Handbook of Texas Cretaceous Fossils referred to the collection at “University of Breslau” and figured several specimens that he had photographed prior to 1928. He also made casts of some of the specimens (see, e.g., Young, 1979, p. 52).

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