scholarly journals Floral biology of medicinal plants I. Apiaceae species

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
É. Németh ◽  
G. Székely
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Floral Biology ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Genotype Combination ◽  
Angelica Archangelica ◽  
Self Fertilization ◽  
Male Flowers

The Apiaceae family consists of several species which are well known for their therapeutical use and also as spice plants. Although fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.), caraway (Carton carvi L.), anise (Pimpinella anisum L.), coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.), dill (Anethum graveolens L.), angelica (Angelica archangelica L.) and lovage (Levisticum officinale Koch.) are also economically considerable cultures, data on their flowering biology are rather scarce. This review supports data on the characteristic constitution of flowers and inflorescences, flowering dynamics, pollination mechanism and crossability of some of the most significant medicinal and spice species. The inflorescence is a compound umbel. Flowers are hermaphrodite, however also monoeceous, mainly male flowers are turning up too. In blooming of a plant individual, a strict sequence is observed. The main umbel is the first to bloom, followed by the different range umbels in order of their range. In their pollination, both wind and insects are considered to be active. For each species, proterandry is characteristic. Although autogamy is considered to be almost unpossible, and geintonogamy as well as xenogamy to be the most characteristic ways of fertilization, several cases of self-fertilization proved to be also successful. Crossability among cultivars or species is depending on the genotype combination and usually produces less seed set than the above forms of fertiliiation.

scholarly journals Floral biology of medicinal plants II. Lamiaceae species

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
É. Németh ◽  
G. Székely
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Floral Biology ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Genotype Combination ◽  
Lemon Balm ◽  
Self Fertilization ◽  
Salvia Officinalis L ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis L ◽  
Hyssopus Officinalis

Several species in the Lamiaceae family are therapeutically significant medicinal plants. Such as sage (Salvia officinalis L.), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), peppermint (Moldier piperita L.). marjoram (Majomna hortensis Winch), thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.), Origanum spp., hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.), Lavandula spp., basil (Ocimum basalicum L.), lemon-balm (Melissa officinalis L.) are regularly produced in Hungary. Nevertheless, data on their floral biology are not satisfactory. This review intends to gather information on the characteristic constitution of flowers and inflorescences, blooming dynamics, pollination mechanism and crossability of some of the most significant medicinal and spice species Flowers are mainly hermaphrodite, however, also monoeceous ones are turning up: pistillate flowers marjoram, tyme, oregano. In flowering of a plant individual, a basipetal blooming sequence is described. These species have a floral structure fully adapted to pollination by insects, and the majority of them is an excellent honey-plant (lavandel, hyssop, sage, etc.). Flowers exhibit characteristic proterandry, therefore autogamy is considered to be almost impossible, and geintonogamy as well as xenogamy to be the most characteristic ways of fertilization. However, in several cases self-fertilization proved to be also successful. Crossability among cultivars or species is depending on the genotype combination and usually produces less seed than the above forms of fertilization.  

scholarly journals Identification of plant taxons by isoelectric focusing

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
É. Stefanovits-Bányai ◽  
L. Boross ◽  
J. Bernáth ◽  
I. Kerepesi ◽  
M. Kiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Isoelectric Focusing ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Isoenzyme Pattern ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Pimpinella Anisum ◽  
Angelica Archangelica ◽  
Pattern Characteristic

Differences were demonstrated in esterasei coenzyme pattern of some essential oil producing plants belonging to the Apiaceae family — fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.), angelica (Angelica archangelica L.), lovage (Levisticum officinale Koch.), dill (Anethum graveolens L.), coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.), anise (Pimpinella anisum L.), caraway (Carum carvi L.) — as well as differences between two varieties of fennel seed by using isoelectric focusing. That method provides quality control in essential oil plants and is suitable to describe isoenzyme pattern characteristic for taxons. Based on our findings, isoelectric focusing seems to be suitable for identification and differentiation of different plant samples, providing an easy tool for further processing as well as for breeding. Our further aim is to apply that method to differentiate among samples belonging to the same species according to their value of inner content.  

Evaluation of antimicrobial potential of some spices from apiaceae sold in herbal shops

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alev ONDER ◽  
Suna Sibel GURPINAR, Mujde ERYILMAZ ◽  
Bayram Kagan AKAY, Ahsen Sevde CINAR
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Pimpinella Anisum ◽  
Hexane Extracts

Spices are a part of the plants used for many purposes as preservatives and as colorants in foods or as medicinal intention. Main aim of the present research was to estimate the potential antimicrobial activity of some spices from Apiaceae family such as Amni visnaga (Diş otu, Hıltan), Anethum graveolens (Dereotu), Apium graveolens (Kereviz), Coriandrum sativum (Kişniş), Cuminum cyminum (Kimyon), Daucus carota (Havuç), Foeniculum vulgare (Rezene), Petroselinum sativum (Maydanoz), Pimpinella anisum (Anason). Thus, the fruits of the plants are used in the experiments. The fruits have been extracted by n-hexane, and all extracts have been subjected to TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography). The n-hexane extracts were screened for their potential in vitro antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 by microbroth dilution method. The hexane extracts of the fruits of Coriandrum sativum, Anethum graveolens, Daucus carota, and Pimpinella anisum did not show antimicrobial activity against tested microorganisms. Except these, the other extracts having MIC values of 2.5-5-10 mg/mL exhibited antimicrobial effect against some tested microorganisms. These results demonstrate that the extracts which have an antimicrobial effect can probably play a role as an antimicrobial agent owing to their nonpolar components which are accumulated to the n-hexane extracts.

scholarly journals Coriander Aphid, Hyadaphis coriandri (Das) (Insecta: Hemiptera: Aphididae)

EDIS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 2005 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan E. Halbert
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Orange County ◽  
Cooperative Extension Service ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Extension Service ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
Hillsborough County ◽  
First Time

The coriander aphid, Hyadaphis coriandri (Das), was found for the first time in North America on fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) at Orange County residences in Apopka and Orlando. In December 1998, an infestation also was found on coriander (Coriandrum sativum Linnaeus) and dill (Anethum graveolens Linnaeus) at a residence in Tampa, Hillsborough County. This document is EENY-296 (originally published as DPI Entomology Circular 399), one of a series of Featured Creatures from the Entomology and Nematology Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Published: June 2003. EENY296/IN574: Coriander Aphid, Hyadaphis coriandri (Das) (Insecta: Hemiptera: Aphididae) (ufl.edu)

scholarly journals Evaluation of antimicrobial potential of some spices from apiaceae sold in herbal shops

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Alev ONDER ◽  
Suna Sibel GURPINAR, Mujde ERYILMAZ ◽  
Bayram Kagan AKAY, Ahsen Sevde CINAR
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Pimpinella Anisum ◽  
Hexane Extracts

Spices are a part of the plants used for many purposes as preservatives and as colorants in foods or as medicinal intention. Main aim of the present research was to estimate the potential antimicrobial activity of some spices from Apiaceae family such as Amni visnaga (Diş otu, Hıltan), Anethum graveolens (Dereotu), Apium graveolens (Kereviz), Coriandrum sativum (Kişniş), Cuminum cyminum (Kimyon), Daucus carota (Havuç), Foeniculum vulgare (Rezene), Petroselinum sativum (Maydanoz), Pimpinella anisum (Anason). Thus, the fruits of the plants are used in the experiments. The fruits have been extracted by n-hexane, and all extracts have been subjected to TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography). The n-hexane extracts were screened for their potential in vitro antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 by microbroth dilution method. The hexane extracts of the fruits of Coriandrum sativum, Anethum graveolens, Daucus carota, and Pimpinella anisum did not show antimicrobial activity against tested microorganisms. Except these, the other extracts having MIC values of 2.5-5-10 mg/mL exhibited antimicrobial effect against some tested microorganisms. These results demonstrate that the extracts which have an antimicrobial effect can probably play a role as an antimicrobial agent owing to their nonpolar components which are accumulated to the n-hexane extracts.

Potentiating immunity of dairy animals during transition period through herbs - A review

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhash Chandra ◽  
M. L. Kamboj ◽  
Anjali Kumari ◽  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Haneef A. Rather
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species Generation ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Rich Diversity ◽  
Trachyspermum Ammi ◽  
Dairy Animals

India has a rich diversity of medicinal plants and traditional knowledge on herbal medicine to treat the animals has both curative and preventive roles. Immunity of the animals affects the is production potential. Strengthening of non-specific immunity of the parturient animals can be used as an alternative approach to overcome the incidence of diseases in the peri and postpartum period where in these animals are more prone. One of the promising technologies is the use of immunomodulators to boost the immunity of animals during the transition period. Immunomodulators can be of natural or synthetic origin, which helps in boosting up the immunity for overcoming stress-related ailments, inhibition of reactive oxygen species generation and scavenging of free radicals to ensure the general wellbeing of animals. In the recent years, several different approaches have been examined to investigate the effect of various herb extracts and minerals as immunopotentiator separately. In literature many plants have been listed having immunomodulatory effect and some of them have been proved to have active principles with immunomodulatory, antioxidant, analgesic, antipyretic and antimicrobial properties. The present compilation deals with some of such medicinal plants like Anethum graveolens (Sowa), Elettaria cardamomum (Bari elaichi/Cardamom), Foeniculum vulgare (Saunf), Trachyspermum ammi (Ajwain), Zingiber officinale (Sundh) and Trigonella foenun- graceum etc.

scholarly journals Antispasmodic Potential of Medicinal Plants: A Comprehensive Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Abdur Rauf ◽  
Muhammad Akram ◽  
Prabhakar Semwal ◽  
Adil A. H. Mujawah ◽  
Naveed Muhammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Mentha Pulegium ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Medical Needs ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits

Numerous medicinal plants have been utilized for the treatment of different types of diseases and disorders including gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. GI diseases are the most common complaints that normally affects the largest proportion of children and adolescents with overlapping clinical manifestation in diagnosis and medical needs. Drugs with antispasmodic effects are normally applied for the symptomatic treatment of contraction and cramping of smooth muscles in gastrointestinal diseases as well as in other critical clinical situations. In alternative system of medicines, the antispasmodic herbs played a significant role in the cure of GI diseases. These medicinal plants and their herbal products are used from generation to generation because of multiple nutritional and therapeutic benefits. The multiple uses might be attributed to the presence on biologically active chemical constitutes. The main aim of this review is to focus on the medicinal potential of plants possessing antispasmodic activities with their proposed mechanism of action. Several databases such as Google Scholar, Cochrane database, Scopus, and PubMed were used to search the relevant literature regarding “plants with antispasmodic activities.” This present study highlights the updated and quantified information on several medicinal plants with antispasmodic activity like Zanthoxylum armatum, Matricaria chamomilla, Foeniculum vulgare, Pycnocycla spinosa, Atropa belladonna, Lavandula angustifolia, Mentha pulegium, Glycyrrhiza ularensis, Anethum graveolens, and Origanum majorana. Moreover, recent studies on other medicinal plant species also have been included in this review article. Additionally, the study also revealed that the active compounds of all these plants possess significant spasmolytic effect which is safest, efficacious, and cost effective as compared to the available synthetic drugs.

scholarly journals Diversidade de predadores em coentro, endro e funcho sob manejo orgânico

2012 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.L.S. Resende ◽  
M.M. de Haro ◽  
V.F. da Silva ◽  
B. Souza ◽  
L.C.P. Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Orius Insidiosus ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare

Espécies vegetais da família Apiaceae podem proporcionar recursos vitais para insetos predadores de pragas agrícolas, promovendo sua eficiência como agentes de controle biológico devido à oferta de recursos como sítios de refúgio, proteção e alimentação. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a atração de insetos predadores pelas apiáceas coentro (Coriandrum sativum L.), endro (Anethum graveolens L.) e funcho (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.). O experimento foi conduzido no campus da Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, MG, em blocos completos ao acaso, com três tratamentos e quatro repetições. Coletas semanais foram realizadas por meio de batida das plantas em bandejas, sendo os predadores aspirados e acondicionados em frascos com álcool 70%. Determinaram-se a curva do coletor, a riqueza de espécies, o índice de diversidade de Shannon-Wienner e o índice de similaridade (análise de Cluster). O funcho apresentou maior índice de Shannon-Wienner (H' = 1,104) e riqueza, enquanto o coentro mostrou maior abundância, sobretudo para a espécie Orius insidiosus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae), um importante predador de tripes em hortaliças. Outras espécies predadoras de pragas de hortaliças foram encontradas, de maneira geral, em todas as apiáceas, destacando-se os adultos e larvas de coccinelídeos, importantes predadores de pulgões. A análise de Cluster indicou maior similaridade entre funcho e endro (55,03%). O período de floração promoveu considerável aumento na abundância de predadores, sobretudo no coentro.

scholarly journals Comparative characteristics of fruit tinctures of some representatives of the family Apiaceae

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-210
Author(s):  
V. M. Odyntsova ◽  
V. H. Korniievska ◽  
M. M. Maletskyi ◽  
Yu. I. Korniievskyi
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Anethum Graveolens ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Carum Carvi ◽  
The Family

The family Apiaceae includes 474 genera and 3992–4050 species that are distributed around the globe. Of all the variety of species, our attention was drawn to the raw material of anise – Anisum vulgare Gaertrn.; fennel – Foeniculum vulgare Mill., which contains derivatives of phenylpropane; coriander – Coriandrum sativum L.; dill – Anethum graveolens L.; caraway – Carum carvi L., which is rich in monoterpenoid derivatives. These plants are widely used in medical practice and known to have antimicrobial, antispasmodic, expectorant, antihypertensive, diuretic, choleretic, carminative effects. This versatility is due to the presence of different groups of biologically active substances in the raw materials of plants. The aim of the research is to determine, by means of gas chromatography, a component composition of fruit tinctures of Anisum vulgare Gaertrn., Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Coriandrum sativum L. Anethum graveolens L. and Carum carvi L. Materials and methods. Tinctures were prepared in ratio 1:5 (extractant – 70 % ethyl alcohol) from anise, fennel, coriander, dill, and caraway fruits, which had been harvested in the experimental field of Zaporizhzhia State Medical University in August 2019. Qualitative and quantitative determination of the active compounds was performed using an Agilent 7890B gas chromatograph with a 5977B mass spectrometric detector. The NIST14 mass spectrum library was used to identify the components. Results. It has been revealed that the tinctures of Anisum vulgare Gaertrn., Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Coriandrum sativum L. Anethum graveolens L., and Carum carvi L. differ in qualitative and quantitative composition of components of chromato-mass spectrometry. Tinctures of Anethum fructus contain 28 components, among which 8.028 RT (-)-Carvone (52.63 %) and 4.861 RT D-Limonene (17.74 %) prevail. Tinctures of Coriandrum fructus contain 37 components with the highest content of 11,016 RT Benzene, 1-(1,5-dimethyl-4-hexenyl)-4-methyl (20.7 %) and 19.372 RT 1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)dec-4-en-3-one (8.57 %). In the tincture of Carum carvi L., which contains 33 components, the following may be considered predominant: 7.988 RT Benzaldehyde, 4-(1-methylethyl) (47.37 %) and 19,311 RT undetermined compound (5.88 %). The tincture of Anisum fructus has 22 components, with the highest content of 8.531 RT Estragole (60.32 %) and 4.852 RT D-Limonene (5.15 %); Foeniculum fructus tincture contains 52 components, among which 5.745 RT Fenchone (15.39 %) and 8.5 RT Anethole (11.37 %) prevail. Conclusions. The results of gas chromatography of fruits of the Apiaceae family significantly expand the information about the chemical composition of raw materials and indicate the prospects for use in pharmaceutical and medical practice. Analyzing the results of gas chromatography, it has been found that tinctures of fruits of the Apiaceae family differ in qualitative and quantitative composition of components. Tinctures of Foeniculum fructus contain 52 components, Coriandrum fructus – 37 components, Carum carvi L. contain 33 components, Anethum fructus – 28 components, Anisum fructus – 22 components. The obtained experimental data can be used to create regulatory documentation for a particular type of medicinal plant raw materials.

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