scholarly journals MEAN SURFACE TEMPERATURE OF JAPANESE QUAIL EXPOSED TO DIFFERENT LEVELS OF AIR VELOCITY AND TEMPERATURE AT START OF LAY

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Tatiany Carvalho dos Santos ◽  
Richard Stephen Gates ◽  
Ilda De Fátima Ferreira Tinôco ◽  
Sérgio Zolnier ◽  
Letícia Cibele da Silva Ramos Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Agricultural Engineering ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Different Levels

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different air velocities and temperature at the feeder on mean surface temperature of Japanese quail during the initial stage of laying. The experiment was carried out at the Center for Research in Environment and Agroindustry Systems Engineering (AMBIAGRO), Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa/MG, Brazil. A total of 216 Japanese quail in the initial laying phase were placed in four environmental chambers with different temperatures and air velocity, where they were housed and distributed randomly in 2 galvanized wire cages, with 3 partitions each and 27 birds/cage, and a density of approximately 155.6 cm²/bird. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks with replications of two treatments (air velocity at the feeder: 0, 1, 2, and 3 m/s and air temperature: 17, 23, 29 and 35°C). The mean surface temperature was analyzed by Two-Way ANOVA, with treatment means separated by the Tukey test (P < 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between air temperature and mean surface temperature (MST). Air velocity is important in removing heat from the surface of birds.

scholarly journals Thermal comfort of patients in hospital ward areas

1977 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Smith ◽  
A. Rae
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Hospital Ward ◽  
Patient Comfort ◽  
Mean Radiant Temperature ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Assessment Techniques ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Radiant Temperature

SUMMARYThe patient is identified as being of prime importance for comfort standards in hospital ward areas, other ward users being expected to adjust their dress to suit the conditions necessary for patient comfort. A study to identify the optimum steady state conditions for patient comfort is then described.Although this study raises some doubts as to the applicability of the standard thermal comfort assessment techniques to ward areas, it is felt that its results give a good indication of the steady-state conditions preferred by the patients. These were an air temperature of between 21.5° and 22° C and a relative humidity of between 30% and 70%, where the air velocity was less than 0.1 m/s and the mean radiant temperature was close to air temperature.

scholarly journals Experimental verification of a CFD model for the closed plant factory under artificial lighting

2020 ◽  
Vol 213 ◽  
pp. 03013
Author(s):  
Wei Lu ◽  
Yiwen Hu ◽  
Shenghan Zhou ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Quan Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Experimental Verification ◽  
Cfd Model ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Mean Relative Error ◽  
Plant Factory ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
The Mean

A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model for the closed plant factory under artificial lighting has been developed in this study, the experimental verification of CFD model with the air velocity value was compared with the measured air temperature value. The results showed that the mean relative error of validation with the air velocity was 15%, and comparable with experimentally observed air temperature profile inside the plant factory with RMSE of 3% which show the utility of CFD to study plant factory microclimatic parameters.

IV.—A Note on the Secular Changes of Rock Temperature on the Calton Hill

1932 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
F. J. W. Whipple
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Secular Changes ◽  
Rock Temperature ◽  
The Mean

1. The observations of rock temperature on the Calton Hill have recently been analysed by Mr R. W. Wrigley, with a view to the discovery of changes going on gradually and independent of weather conditions. Mr Wrigley took groups of years, such that the mean air temperature was the same for each group, and found the mean rock temperature for like periods. He trusted that in this way he would be able “to get rid of the surface temperature variations.” The result of the calculations was that for different periods in which the mean air temperature was the same the temperature of the rock might vary by half a degree Fahrenheit. The rock temperature had a maximum about 1856, fell until 1892, and rose after that date.

A Simple Frost Model for Calculation of the Frost Thickness over Ground Aircraft Surfaces

2011 ◽  
Vol 121-126 ◽  
pp. 667-671
Author(s):  
Li Wen Wang ◽  
Dan Dan Xu
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temperature Decrease ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Frost Formation ◽  
Frost Model

In this study, a simple model that describes frost formation over ground aircraft surfaces is presented. The model uses the data of the aircraft surface temperature, air temperature and air velocity to predict the frost thickness. The frost surface temperature and the frost thickness under different atmospheric conditions are investigated. The results indicate the frost thickness increases with the air velocity and the air temperature, decrease with the surface temperature. This model enables forecast of the frost formation over ground aircraft surface.

Effect of different levels of air velocity at 35°C on Japanese quail behavior at start of lay

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
TATIANY CARVALHO DOS SANTOS ◽  
RICHARD S GATES ◽  
ILDA DE FÁTIMA FERREIRA TINÔCO ◽  
SÉRGIO ZOLNIER ◽  
LETÍCIA CSR FREITAS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Different Levels

Indoor air distribution in a room with underfloor air distribution and chilled ceiling: Effect of ceiling surface temperature and supply air velocity

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Gao ◽  
Haichao Wang ◽  
Xiaozhou Wu ◽  
Fenghao Wang ◽  
Zhen Tian
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Air Distribution ◽  
Cooling Load ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Underfloor Air Distribution ◽  
Chilled Ceiling ◽  
Cooling Loads

An underfloor air distribution (UFAD) system integrated with a chilled ceiling (CC) cooling system may be a potential advanced heating, ventilation and air conditioning system in modern non-residential buildings with high sensible cooling loads. This article presents an experimental study concerning the effect of ceiling surface temperature and supply air velocity on the indoor air distribution in a room with UFAD as the internal and external sensible cooling loads change. The vertical distributions of indoor air temperature, air velocity and contaminant (CO2) concentration were evaluated by vertical air temperature difference (VATD), turbulence intensity (TI) and contaminant removal effectiveness (CRE), respectively. The results showed that the average VATD, TI and CRE levels were 0.5°C–1.0°C, 31%–41% and 0.85–1.06 when both internal and external sensible cooling loads were 41.5 W/m2. These evaluation indices varied clearly when the external sensible cooling load increased from 41.5 W/m2 to 69.5 W/m2, whereas they remained almost the same when the internal sensible cooling load increased from 41.5 W/m2 to 69.5 W/m2. The maximum TI coincided with the minimum CRE under the condition of a constant sensible cooling load. Moreover, an air diffusion performance index clearly reduced with an increase in the heat removal effectiveness. It is recommended that it is important to balance the indoor air quality and energy consumption in a room with UFAD + CC.

Computation and Analysis of Frost Formation on Ground Aircraft

2012 ◽  
Vol 490-495 ◽  
pp. 166-170
Author(s):  
Li Wen Wang ◽  
Dan Dan Xu
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temperature Decrease ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Frost Formation ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Air Speed ◽  
The Stability

Aircraft ground icing can result in decreasing the stability of the aircraft at or shortly after take off.. A theoretical model for frost formation by water vapor on aircraft in atmospheric air has been presented in this study. Frost surface temperature and frost thickness can be obtained by the model. Effects of aircraft surface temperatures and air conditions, such as aircraft surface temperature, air temperature and air velocity on the frost surface temperature and frost thickness can be evaluated by using this model. It revealed that the surface temperature increases with the surface temperature, the air speed and air temperature. The frost thickness increases with the air speed and the air temperature, decrease with the surface temperature.

scholarly journals Post-harvesting of Solanum paniculatum L. leaves. Part II: Antioxidant activity and chemical composition

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Elton A. S. Martins ◽  
André L. D. Goneli ◽  
Claúdia A. L. Cardoso ◽  
Gabriela L. de Almeida ◽  
Alexandre A. Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Total Alkaloids ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Healing Agent ◽  
Absorbance Reading ◽  
Post Harvesting ◽  
Increasing Temperature

ABSTRACT ‘Jurubeba’ (Solanum paniculatum L.) is a medicinal plant used in traditional medicine for liver problems, in addition to being used as a cholagogue, emmenagogue, healing agent, febrifuge, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, tonic, decongestant, diuretic and against inappetence. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity, concentration of phenolic compounds and total alkaloids of aqueous extracts prepared from ‘Jurubeba’ leaves subjected to drying. ‘Jurubeba’ leaves were dried at different temperatures (40, 50, 60 and 70 °C) and velocities (0.4 and 0.8 m s-1) of the drying air. Aqueous extracts of the leaves, subjected to drying, were evaluated by absorbance reading in a spectrophotometer. Increase in drying air temperature reduced the contents of total phenolics and total alkaloids of the leaf aqueous extracts, whereas increment in air velocity increased the concentration of these substances. Antioxidant activity was not influenced by the increase in air temperature at air velocity of 0.4 m s-1, but under air velocity of 0.8 m s-1 there was reduction with increasing temperature. Drying of ‘Jurubeba’ leaves can be carried out with temperature of 40 or 50 °C and drying air velocity of 0.4 m s-1.

scholarly journals Increasing Trends in Air and Sea Surface Temperature in the Central Adriatic Sea (Croatia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 358
Author(s):  
Ognjen Bonacci ◽  
Duje Bonacci ◽  
Matko Patekar ◽  
Marco Pola
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Increasing Trends

The Adriatic Sea and its coastal region have experienced significant environmental changes in recent decades, aggravated by climate change. The most prominent effects of climate change (namely, an increase in sea surface and air temperature together with changes in the precipitation regime) could have an adverse effect on social and environmental processes. In this study, we analyzed the time series of sea surface temperature and air temperature measured at three meteorological stations in the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea. To assess the trends and variations in the time series of sea surface and air temperature, different statistical methods were employed, i.e., linear and quadratic regressions, Mann–Kendall test, Rescaled Adjusted Partial Sums method, and autocorrelation. The results evidenced increasing trends in the mean annual sea surface temperature and air temperature; furthermore, sudden variations in values were observed in 1998 and 1992, respectively. Increasing trends in the mean monthly sea surface temperature and air temperature occurred in the warmer parts of the year (from March to August). The results of this study could provide a foundation for stakeholders, decision–makers, and other scientists for developing effective measures to mitigate the negative effects of climate change in the scattered environment of the Adriatic islands and coastal region.

Thermal Comfort Evaluation with Fireplace in Occupied Space

2013 ◽  
Vol 649 ◽  
pp. 129-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radoslav Ponechal ◽  
Silvia Baďurová
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Infrared Camera ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Living Room ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Comfort Levels ◽  
Occupant Comfort ◽  
Thermal Climate ◽  
The Mean

The solid fuel heaters are popular in Slovakia again, where about 50% of new freestanding homes have one. The classic fireplace, with a blazing fire open to the room as traditional symbol of comfort and security becomes with better building thermal insulation a primary rather than an occasional indulgence heat source. This paper reports the results of field measurement and simulation investigating the thermal comfort criteria in occupied space with fireplace heating system. The field study was performed in a small furnished living-room. The indoor surface temperatures were captured with infrared camera and the mean radiant temperatures were calculated by the ESP-r simulation tool. Thermal comfort prediction maps (PPD and PMV index) are presented to describe range of occupant comfort levels with mean air temperature, air velocity and clothing level variations. It was found that this system provide full area improved thermal climate only with high air temperature level. The study was limited to the case with no vertical air temperature distribution.

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