A methodological approach for prioritizing water reuse projects in agricultural irrigation: a case study in Spain

Abstract Background Core outcome sets (COS) should be relevant to key stakeholders and widely applicable and usable. Ideally, they are developed for international use to allow optimal data synthesis from trials. Electronic Delphi surveys are commonly used to facilitate global participation; however, this has limitations. It is common for these surveys to be conducted in a single language potentially excluding those not fluent in that tongue. The aim of this study is to summarise current approaches for optimising international participation in Delphi studies and make recommendations for future practice. Methods A comprehensive literature review of current approaches to translating Delphi surveys for COS development was undertaken. A standardised methodology adapted from international guidance derived from 12 major sets of translation guidelines in the field of outcome reporting was developed. As a case study, this was applied to a COS project for surgical trials in gastric cancer to translate a Delphi survey into 7 target languages from regions active in gastric cancer research. Results Three hundred thirty-two abstracts were screened and four studies addressing COS development in rheumatoid and osteoarthritis, vascular malformations and polypharmacy were eligible for inclusion. There was wide variation in methodological approaches to translation, including the number of forward translations, the inclusion of back translation, the employment of cognitive debriefing and how discrepancies and disagreements were handled. Important considerations were identified during the development of the gastric cancer survey including establishing translation groups, timelines, understanding financial implications, strategies to maximise recruitment and regulatory approvals. The methodological approach to translating the Delphi surveys was easily reproducible by local collaborators and resulted in an additional 637 participants to the 315 recruited to complete the source language survey. Ninety-nine per cent of patients and 97% of healthcare professionals from non-English-speaking regions used translated surveys. Conclusion Consideration of the issues described will improve planning by other COS developers and can be used to widen international participation from both patients and healthcare professionals.

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Community education and perceptions of water reuse: a case study in Norman, Oklahoma

Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences ◽

10.1007/s13412-021-00667-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Madeline Wade ◽

Randy Peppler ◽

Angela Person

Keyword(s):

Water Reuse ◽

Community Education

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Correction to: Methodological approach for dating harbor sediments by using luminescence dating—a case study in Ephesus, Western Turkey

Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences ◽

10.1007/s12520-018-0755-y ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 1641-1641

Author(s):

Prakrit Noppradit ◽

Anika Symanczyk ◽

Ludwig Zöller ◽

Helmut Brückner ◽

Friederike Stock

Keyword(s):

Methodological Approach ◽

Luminescence Dating ◽

Western Turkey ◽

Harbor Sediments

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Balanced Scorecard: estudo sobre sua utilização como instrumento de gestão na empresa Novo Nordisk no Brasil

ForScience ◽

10.29069/forscience.2019v7n2.e642 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Edmar Souza Moreira ◽

Wagner de Paulo Santiago ◽

Igor Veloso Colares Batista

Keyword(s):

Strategic Planning ◽

Balanced Scorecard ◽

Common Knowledge ◽

Methodological Approach ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

The Balanced Scorecard ◽

Agency Conflict ◽

Definition Of ◽

Pharmaceutical Production

Difundido entre empresas de todo o mundo, o Balanced Scorecard, três décadas após a sua criação, continua sendo um instrumento utilizado pelas empresas para gestão do Planejamento Estratégico. Este estudo tem o objetivo de analisar a utilização prática do Balanced Scorecard como instrumento de gestão do Planejamento Estratégico na empresa Novo Nordisk Produção Farmacêutica do Brasil Ltda., identificando pontos de divergência em relação à teoria criada por Kaplan e Norton nos anos 90. Para a realização da pesquisa, foi adotada a abordagem metodológica empírico analítica, com a condução de estudo de caso em uma unidade fabril da empresa localizada em Montes Claros – MG. Foram feitas 19 entrevistas semiestruturadas com diretores e gerentes e aplicados 207 questionários aos demais funcionários. Os resultados mostraram que entre os gestores da empresa existe um conhecimento comum em relação às premissas para definição do Planejamento Estratégico e um alinhamento sobre o Balanced Scorecard. Contrariamente ao exposto por Kaplan e Norton sobre as etapas de criação do Balanced Scorecard, verificou-se que o processo na Novo Nordisk em Montes Claros é desenvolvido de forma inversa, primeiro são recebidas as metas advindas da matriz, para então ser desenvolvido o Planejamento Estratégico que levará ao atingimento destas metas. A pesquisa mostrou ainda as adaptações feitas pela empresa em estudo ao modelo proposto por Kaplan e Norton, de forma a minimizar as barreiras oriundas do conflito de agência que podem levar ao insucesso na obtenção dos resultados esperados para as metas definidas no Planejamento Estratégico das organizações.Palavras-chave: Balanced scorecard. Metas. Planejamento Estratégico.Balanced Scorecard: study on its use as a management instrument in Novo Nordisk company in BrazilAbstractDiffused among companies around the world, the Balanced Scorecard continues to be an instrument used by the companies to manage the Strategic Planning, even three decades after its creation. This study aims to analyze the practical use of the Balanced Scorecard as an instrument for the management of Strategic Planning in Novo Nordisk Produção Farmacêutica do Brasil Ltda (Novo Nordisk Pharmaceutical Production of Brazil Ltda), identifying points of divergence from the theory created by Kaplan and Norton in the 1990s. To develop the research, the analytical empirical methodological approach was adopted, with the conduction of a case study at a company unit located in Montes Claros - MG. There were 19 semi-structured interviews with directors and managers and 207 questionnaires were applied to the other employees. The results showed that among the managers of the company there is a common knowledge regarding the premises for the definition of Strategic Planning and also an alignment on the Balanced Scorecard. Contrary to what Kaplan and Norton presented about the stages of the creation of the Balanced Scorecard, it was verified that the process at Novo Nordisk in Montes Claros is developed in an inverse way: first, the goals coming from the head quarter are received. Then the Strategic Planning, which will lead to the attainment of these goals, is developed. The research also showed the adaptations made by the company under study to the model proposed by Kaplan and Norton, in order to minimize the barriers from the agency conflict that can lead to the failure to obtain the expected results for the goals defined in the Strategic Planning of the organizations.Keywords: Balanced Scorecard. Goals. Strategic Planning.

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Study on layout optimization of sewage outfalls: a case study of wastewater treatment plants in Xiamen

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-97756-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Cui Wang ◽

Zhouhua Guo ◽

Qingsheng Li ◽

Jing Fang

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Water Reuse ◽

Evaluation System ◽

Evaluation Method ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

Comprehensive Evaluation ◽

Ecological Impact ◽

Layout Optimization ◽

Marine Environmental

AbstractIn order to protect the offshore environment and strengthen the comprehensive rectification of sewage outfalls, an evaluation method of regional sewage outfalls by combining the marine numerical simulation and comprehensive evaluation technology was constructed, considering the marine environmental capacity and the ecological impact of sewage discharge from outfalls on the marine eco-environment sensitive areas. Then the layout rationality of each outfall was evaluated and the discharge scale was optimized with a case study of existing sewage outfalls in Xiamen. The results show that, the comprehensive evaluation score of Yundang outfall was 3 points in 2025, evaluated as the outfall with irrational layout. In 2035, the comprehensive evaluation scores of Fenglin and Dalipu outfalls were 3 and 2 points respectively, evaluated as the outfall with irrational discharge scale. It is suggested to control the scale of expansion or increase the reclaimed water reuse rate in Jimei and Gaoqi Wastewater Treatment Plants. This method has enriched the evaluation system for layout optimization of sewage outfalls, providing scientific supports for comprehensive improvement of sewage outfalls and marine environmental management.

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Researching around our subjects

Alphaville: Journal of Film and Screen Media - Researching Creative Practice: Terminology, Policy, Models ◽

10.33178/alpha.20.12 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 166-188

Author(s):

Frances C. Galt

Keyword(s):

Oral History ◽

Methodological Approach ◽

Television History ◽

Archival Material ◽

Film And Television ◽

Concentric Circles ◽

Women's Film ◽

Oral History Interviews ◽

Union Activism

This article explores the opportunities and obstacles of researching women’s trade union activism in the British film and television industries between 1933 and 2017. The surviving material on women’s union participation is incomplete and fragmented, and so my research has combined an examination of archival material—the union’s journal and the meeting minutes, correspondence and ephemera of three iterations of its equality committee—with new and existing oral history interviews. Sherry J. Katz has termed this methodological approach “researching around our subjects”, which involves “working outward in concentric circles of related sources” to reconstruct women’s experiences (90). While “researching around my subjects” was a challenging and time-consuming process, it was also a rewarding one, producing important insights into union activism as it relates to gender and breaking new ground in both women’s labour and women’s film and television history. This article concludes with a case study on the appointment of Sarah Benton as researcher for the ACTT’s Patterns report in 1973, revealing the benefits of this methodological approach in reconstructing events which have been effectively erased from the official record.

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ATENDIMENTO EDUCACIONAL ESPECIALIZADO NA MODALIDADE DOMICILIAR: um estudo de caso

Cadernos de Pesquisa ◽

10.18764/2178-2229.v22.n3.p.59-70 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 59

Author(s):

Annie Gomes Redig

Keyword(s):

Methodological Approach ◽

Motor Impairment ◽

Educational Services ◽

Teacher Formation ◽

Material Resources ◽

Multiple Disability ◽

The Family ◽

Final Consideration ◽

Investigación Cualitativa

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o Atendimento Educacional Especializado, na modalidade domiciliar, considerando seu funcionamento, organização, formação do professor e impacto sobre a dinâmica familiar. Neste estudo adotou-se a pesquisa qualitativa, e como metodologia o estudo de caso e no desenvolvimento dos atendimentos pedagógicos domiciliares, foram adotados os pressupostos da pesquisa-ação. O estudo teve como participante uma aluna de 12 anos com deficiência múltipla, envolvendo as áreas cognitiva e motora. Esse estudo se desenvolveu durante o período compreendido de 2013-2015 e o acompanhamento variou de uma a duas vezes por semana. Observou-se que o Atendimento Educacional Especializado, na modalidade domiciliar, beneficiou tanto o desenvolvimento da aluna quanto auxiliou a família a entender o processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Nas considerações finais destaca-se a necessidade de uma formação/ capacitação mais específica para os professores atuantes nessa modalidade de atendimento educacional, além de recursos pedagógicos e materiais disponíveis para o ensino domiciliar.Palavras-chave: Atendimento educacional especializado. Deficiência múltipla. Formação docente. SPECIALIZED EDUCATIONAL SERVICES AT HOME: a case studyAbstract: The present paper has the objective to reflect about the specialized educational attendance at domiciliarymode, and analyze its operation, organization, teacher formation and impact of this service on family routine.For this research a qualitative research was used, and as methodological approach, the case study and for thedeveloping of home teaching visits we used the assumptions of the action research. The study had participation ofone student with 12 years old with severe cognitive and motor impairment. This study had the duration of 2 years(2013-2015) and the accompaniment was once or twice a week. Therefore it is concluded that the teaching servicewas beneficial to the students development and also helped the family to understand the process of study of theirdaughter. As final consideration we see a need of a more specific formation for the teachers of this modality and theaddition of material resources for teaching at the specialized educational attendance at domiciliary mode.Keywords: Specialized educational services. Multiple disability. Teacher formation. SERVICIO EDUCATIVO ESPECIALIZADO EN MODO EN EL HOGAR: un estudiode casoResumen: El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar el Atendimiento Educacional, en la modalidad residencial,teniendo en cuenta su funcionamiento, la organización, la formación del profesorado y sus impactos en la rutinafamiliar. En este estudio Para este trabajo, se utilizó la investigación cualitativa, como metodología el estudio decaso y en el desarrollo de los atendimientos pedagógicos domiciliarias, se adoptó el requisito de la investigación-acción.El estudio tuve como participantes una alumna de 12 años con discapacidades múltiples, involucrando áreascognitivas y motoras. Este estudio fue desarrollado por dos años (2013-2015) y el acompañamiento varió de una ados veces a la semana. Se observó que el Atendimiento Educacional Especializado, en la modalidad domiciliaria,benefició tanto en el desarrollo de la alumna, cuanto auxilió a la familia a entender el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje.En las consideraciones finales se destaca la necesidad de una formación/capacitación más específica paralos profesores que trabajan en este tipo específico de modalidad educacional, además de los recursos pedagógicosy materiales disponibles para la enseñanza domiciliaria.Palabras clave: Atendimiento Educacional Especializado. Discapacidades múltiples. Formación del profesorado.

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