Human Dignity and Rationality of Modern Medicine in the Aspect of the Biomedical Technologies

Some ethical aspects of the usage of the biomedical technologies in the frame of human bodiness and the relationship of the physician and the sick from the point of human dignity are set forth in the article. Growing tendency of rationalization of medicine and broadening limits of its influence on healthy and diseased organism are highlighted. In particular, it is associated with the introduction in medical practice of different elements of the artificial intellect in the diagnostics and treatment of different diseases, which have found its legislative order in the Edict of the President of the Russian Federation. It challenges the necessity of consideration of this problem in the format of ethics and law with the accent on the dignity of the human as an individual and unique personality. Contradictive character of the usage of different biomedical technologies from the point of science, on the one hand, and human existence – on the other are marked. These positions are regarded in the aspects of the human bodiness and relationships of the physician and the sick. The problem of “vulnerability” of the human body is shown on the example of increase of different biomedical investigations, like experimental medicine and its “commodification”. In this respect, judgement about ontological role of the body in life space and human experience is exposed. In the analysis of the relationships of the physician and the sick through the “prism” of the biomedical technologies special attention is being paid to the change of the subject-object roles in this communicative sphere. As a sequence, technical model is starting dominating in modern medicine. All tye abovementioned ideas reflect transformation of historically assembled traditions of medical and ethical character and strengthening of the ideas of transhumanism when the sick individual loses its uniqueness and is being investigated in the virtual space.

Paravalvular leakage of transcatheter aortic valve replacements depending on aortic annulus calcification

Paravalvular leakage (PVL) has a crucial impact on clinical outcomes of transcateheter aortic valve replacements (TAVR), especially the mortality increases dramatically with high-grade PVL. Furthermore, the calcification of the aortic annulus has a decisive influence on the PVL of TAVR. Therefore, we developed a technical model of a calcified aortic annulus and used it for the investigation of PVL in steady-state back-flow conditions. We investigated an Evolut PRO (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, USA), implanted the TAVR at different depths in the aortic annulus model ranging between 0 mm and -6 mm and characterized PVL in steady-state retrograde flow from 0 mmHg up to a maximum achievable pressure. The used test bench and detailed test method was described in previous studies. The aortic annulus model exhibits three elevations symmetrically distributed around the circumference. Depending on the degree of calcification the elevations reached 1 mm to 3 mm into the lumen. For the Evolut PRO bioprosthesis, a decreasing PVL was measured with increasing implantation depth. At an implantation depth of 0 mm (inflow of TAVR and annulus model at same height) maximum PVL was measured. Minimum PVL was measured at a height of -6 mm. Furthermore, even a small calcification of 1 mm led to a large increase in PVL. This trend continued with increasing height of the calcification. The maximum regurgitation of (2,025.21 ± 12.47) ml (n = 3 measurements) was measured at a pressure of 6 mmHg in the annulus model with 3 mm calcification. A test method to quantify PVL depending on annular calcification was successfully developed. Additionally, the influence of implantation depth on PVL was characterized. Due to the technical operating principle of the test bench, only a limited increase in pressure was possible when large PVL occurred. In this respect, the test bench must be optimized in the future.

Why Is the Construction Industry Killing More Workers Than the Offshore Petroleum Industry in Occupational Accidents?

In Norway, the fatal accident frequency per year is discernibly higher in the construction industry than in the petroleum industry. To probe the difference between the occupational safety levels in the two industries in Norway, semi-structured interviews with regulators, employer and employee organisations, company management, and safety personnel were conducted. This qualitative approach, together with factual industry information, offer invaluable insight on various elements influencing occupational safety. Rasmussen’s socio-technical model is used to sort the information and compare framework conditions, characteristics and aspects of the two industries influencing safety. Though the construction industry’s safety level has improved over the years, the results indicate that the petroleum industry’s safety level is still considered superior to its counterpart. The interviews point to major accidents and regulations as important for safety development in the petroleum industry. Thorough planning of operations, stricter rules, more standardised procedures and requirements, and fewer actors in the petroleum industry are also highlighted. The results of this study further reveal that safety in the construction industry has benefitted from safety developments in the petroleum industry. There is potential for more learning across the industries, in particular from petroleum to construction with regard to standardisation, barrier-thinking, and knowledge-sharing.

About the concept of the organizational and technical model of cyber defense

The current threats to cyber security in modern conditions have been identified. The components of the functioning of the national cyber security system are regulated. The powers of the State Special Communications Service in the field of building effective cyber defense in the domestic territory are outlined. The directions of development of organizational and technical model of the national cyber defense system are detailed. The components of the organizational and technical model of cyber defense are generalized. The expediency of accelerating the approval at the state level of the Concept of the organizational and technical model of cyber defense has been updated.

Monitoring In-House Patients During Pandemic using Internet of Things

There is a worldwide issue that has increased the number of patients at hospitals, especially as a result of the pandemic. It is difficult for the survivors to attend routine checkups after their surgeries. Our model is helpful to solve the problem. Internet of things (IoT) arrives as a modern technical model, presenting communication and scalability, to clean this challenge. The wireless body space community is gaining quality for IoT related valuable resource packages as wearable devices enter the market. The aim of this paper is to expand the network by incorporating wearable and unobtrusive sensors to track far-flung patients after their surgeries and to receive direct assistance from doctors during an emergency.

La Ley General de Educación y la Pedagogía. Reencuentro y señal

This paper undertakes a historical overview of the pedagogical considerations and references that characterize the basic educational reform in Spain in 1970. To do so, the text offers a description and interpretation of technical, political and legal documentation. Additionally, it clarifies the contexts, orientations, innovations and shortcomings of the legislation, known as the Villar Palasi law. Basically, the author attempts to demonstrate the characteristics of the scientific rationality or technical model of the law and its reform. The article also addresses the lack of agreement between the pedagogy being defended, the social and cultural context, and the specific policies that needed to be introduced in order for the reform to achieve its objectives. And finally, this work tries to clarify the significance of this General Education Act in the educational history of Spain.

An integrative literature review of the implementation of micro-credentials in higher education: Implications for practice in Australasia

Micro-credentials research, which includes digital badges, is a relatively new field of study that seeks to inform the implementation, portability and sustainability of the ecology of meaningful delivery. This paper reviews literature relevant to understanding connections between universities’ intent to offer micro-credentials and the environment that is needed to do so. From this integrated study, the paper distils a number of core concerns and identifies some gaps in the literature. One of its primary goals is to clear the ground for the construction of a technical model of micro-credentialing implementation that can be used by the various stakeholders involved in the design and evaluation of new micro-awards. A closely related goal is to help those participating in micro-credentialing research to locate and understand each other’s contributions, as fragmentation in research related to micro-credentials makes progress in the field slow. Hence, this review draws together research in the field to identify research foci and gaps, and then also capture some work by micro-credentialing researchers that directly attempts to model the main relationships in the field. The paper ends with a summary of implications for practice, especially for the Australasian higher education context