استعمالات تراكيب (كان) في الروايات العربية المترجمة من الإنجليزية: دراسة في الزمن والجهة (The Usage of Kaana Clauses in the Arabic Novels Translated from English: A Study on Tense and Aspect)

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-80
Author(s):  
محمد إخوان بن عبد الله
Keyword(s):  
Sherlock Holmes ◽  
Arabic Translation ◽  
Tense And Aspect ◽  
English Grammar ◽  
English Sample ◽  
Arabic And English ◽  
Three Musketeers

يهدف هذا البحث إلى التعرف على معاني تراكيب (كان) واستعمالاتها في الروايات العربية المترجمة من الإنجليزية؛ وذلك من أجل دراسة استعمالات المترجمين العرب لتراكيب (كان) من اللغة الإنجليزية فيما يخص دلالات الأفعال الزمنية وجهاتها، ومن ثم التعرف على مدى تطابق الترجمة لدلالات تراكيب (كان) التي اقترحها النحاة العرب، ومدى مطابقتها لقواعد اللغة الإنجليزية، وتتحدد النصوص المستخدمة في بعض الروايات وهي: الزنبقة السوداء والفرسان الثلاثة، مغامرات شيرلوك هولمز عصبة الرؤوس الحمراء، وإما، جون اوستن. قام الباحث ببيان موجز حول دلالات تراكيب كان في العربية، وما ينتج منها من دلالات الأفعال الزمنية وجهاتها من حيث الانقطاع والاستمرار، وعرض موجز للأزمنة اللغوية الإنجليزية وجهاتها، ثم قام بالمقارنة بين النصين الإنجليزي والعربي من حيث الدلالة على الزمن والجهة، وقد توصل الباحث إلى أن هناك مطابقة في الدلالة على الزمن في بعض الترجمات، كما أن هناك عدولا إلى صيغ أخرى مختلفة تختلف باختلاف السياق.   الكلمات المفتاحيّة: تراكيب (كان)، الزمن، الجهة. Abstract This article aims to identify the meaning of “Kana” clauses and its usage in Arabic novel translated from English by studying how Arab translators used these clauses from English in terms of tense and aspects. This is also to identify equivalence of the Arabic translation in the light of meanings suggested by Arab Grammarians and English grammar. Four novels were studied namely: Black Tulip, The Three Musketeers, The adventures of Sherlock Holmes-The Red-Headed League, Emma, and Jane Austin. The meaning of كان and its aspects in terms of progressiveness and perfect was studied. Arabic and English sample texts were compared in aspects of tense and aspects. Results show that there were equivalents in signifying tense in some translations. There were also usages of different forms between Arabic and English depending on contexts. Keywords: “Kana” Clauses, Tense, Aspect.

Arabic translation across cultures

Babel ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moheiddin A. Homeidi
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Truth Conditions ◽  
Arabic Translation ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Extensive Analysis ◽  
Arabic And English ◽  
Aspect Culturel

Abstract This paper deals mainly with some of the difficulties the translator might encounter when translating some culturally bound pieces of information. These would include the translation of some idioms, and some culturally bound concepts. The paper starts with definitions of translation, language and culture followed by an extensive analysis of the examples provided. All the examples are drawn from Arabic and English. The examples include the translation of some idioms which violate truth conditions, which are easily recognizable, and some others which may be translated either literally or idiomatically with obviously different results. Then the analysis moves to the translation of some culturally bound expressions from both Arabic and English. Here, we find examples that cannot be translated into the other language simply for lack of cultural equivalents. The skill and the intervention of the translator are most needed in this respect because above all translation is an act of communication. Résumé Cet article traite principalement de certaines difficultés que le traducteur peut rencontrer quand il traduit des textes d’information qui présentent un aspect culturel. Ces difficultés ont trait à certaines locutions idiomatiques et concepts culturels. L’article commence par définir la traduction, la langue et la culture, puis analyse en détail les exemples fournis. Tous les exemples sont tirés de l’arabe et de l’anglais. Ces exemples comprennent la traduction de certaines locutions idiomatiques qui trahissent les conditions de vérite et sont facilement reconnaissables, et de quelques autres qui peuvent etre traduites soit litteralement, soit de manière idiomatique, mais avec bien sur des résultats différents. Puis l’analyse passe à la traduction de certaines expressions de nature culturelle, en arabe et en anglais. Nous y trouvons des exemples qu’il est impossible de traduire dans l’autre langue, tout simplement parce qu’il leur manque des équivalents culturels. L’habileté et l’intervention du traducteur sont des plus nécéssaires dans ce cas, parce que la traduction est avant tout un acte de communication.

The deterioration of the usage of ‘kaana’ in the Holy Quran via translation

Babel ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Al-Khawalda
Keyword(s):  
Machine Translation ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Computer Programs ◽  
Original Text ◽  
Tense And Aspect ◽  
Holy Quran ◽  
Back Translation ◽  
The Holy Quran ◽  
Arabic And English ◽  
Aspectual Meaning

This paper investigates the accuracy of the translation of the Arabic copula kaana (be-past-he) in the holy Quran. The first one hundred usages of kaana are selected for investigation. The examples are exclusively derived from Surat al-baqarah (1) and surat ali?umran (2). The translation under discussion is taken from ‘Holy Quran, CD, 6th ed. Saxir for Computer Programs’ The translation has been checked via back translation, which was compared with the original temporal and aspectual meaning expressed by the usage of kaana. It turns out that the translation of kaana caused confusion rather than understanding. It also seems that most of the inadequacies result from insufficient understanding of the mechanism of tense and aspect in both the Arabic and English languages. Moreover, in most cases, the modal usage of kaana which plays a significant role, is ignored by the translator(s). In addition to back translation carried out by some scholars, the translation has also been checked via ‘Machine Translation’ which shows a real abuse of the original text.

The Oxford Handbook of English Grammar

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Variation ◽  
Information Structure ◽  
English Language ◽  
Critical Survey ◽  
Tense And Aspect ◽  
English Grammar ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Grammatical Change ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

This handbook provides an authoritative, critical survey of current research and knowledge in the grammar of the English language. Following an introduction from the editors, the volume’s expert contributors explore a range of core topics in English grammar, beginning with issues in grammar writing and methodology. Chapters in part II then examine the various theoretical approaches to grammar, such as cognitive, constructional, and generative approaches, followed by the chapters in part III, which comprehensively cover the different subdomains of grammar, including compounds, phrase structure, clause types, tense and aspect, and information structure. Part IV offers coverage of the relationship between grammar and other fields – lexis, phonology, meaning, and discourse – while the concluding part of the book investigates grammatical change over time, regional variation, and genre and literary variation.

scholarly journals The Semantics of Progressive Aspect: A Thorough Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 87-97
Author(s):  
Mousume Akhter Flora ◽  
SM Mohibul Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Progressive Aspect ◽  
Tense And Aspect ◽  
English Grammar ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Past Tenses ◽  
Present Progressive

In English grammar, verbs have two important characteristics--tense and aspect. Grammatically tense is marked in two ways: Present and Past. English verbs can have another property called aspect, applicable in both present and past forms of verbs. There are two major types of morphologically marked aspects in English verbs: progressive and perfective. While present and past tenses are morphologically marked by the forms verb+s/es (as in He plays) and verb+d/ed (as in He played) respectively, the morphological representations of progressive and perfective aspects in the tenses are verb+ing (He is/was playing) and verb+d/ed/n/en (He has/had played) respectively. This paper focuses only on one type of aspectual feature of verbs--present progressive. It analyses the use of present progressive in terms of semantics and explains its use in different contexts for durative conclusive and non-conclusive use, for its use in relation to time of reference, and for its use in some special cases. Then it considers the restrictions on the use of progressive aspect in both present and past tenses based on the nature of verbs and duration of time. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sje.v7i0.14464 Stamford Journal of English; Volume 7; Page 87-97

scholarly journals A CONTRASTIVE STUDY OF THE ARABIC AND ENGLISH VERB TENSE AND ASPECT A CORPUS-BASED APPROACH

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 1604-1615
Author(s):  
Jawharah Alasmari ◽  
◽  
Janet C.E. Watson ◽  
Eric Atwell ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tense And Aspect ◽  
Contrastive Study ◽  
Arabic And English ◽  
Verb Tense ◽  
English Verb

scholarly journals The Adequacy of Translating Some Temporal Values in the Qur'an

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Hassan Sayed Morsy, Ph.D.
Keyword(s):  
Suggested Model ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Tense And Aspect ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Temporal Structures ◽  
Problematic Area ◽  
Arabic And English ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Given

The aim of this paper is to provide a review of the problem of finding a proper temporal equivalent while conveying the SL (the Qur'an) into the TL (English) suggesting applicable solutions to the problems in question. Arabic and English share the general characteristics of time, tense and aspect, but often formally disagree in the methods of expressing them. This makes the problem of finding proper temporal equivalent arise to the surface during the process of translation. The linguistic concepts of time, tense and aspect are problematic in Arabic in general, and in applying them to the analysis of the Glorious Qur'an in particular. This paper attempts to approach this problematic area and suggests solutions to many temporal problems that translators are likely to face during their translation process e.g. the disagreement between form and function, translating the different categories (variations) of /kaan-a/ 'be', translating the verbs and forms expressing the attributes of Allah and the contextual tenses. This paper adopts Dr. Ali's model used in his thesis by which a translator could identify which tense is much more appropriate to be used in each case. The suggested model differentiates between two types of temporal structures: the surface or form and the deep or function. Comparing the different translations using the given model tables makes the disagreement idea between form and function clear to the reader. The paper concludes, after analyzing the selected verses, that Ghali's and Ali's translations is the most accurate in handling the problems of tenses, followed by Pickthall's comes last. The used model analyzes the given verb to help a translator identify and select the most appropriate temporal equivalent in each analyzed case.

scholarly journals Translation quality in English-Arabic translation of tourist texts: A product perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Mutahar Qassem ◽  
Lamis Ali ◽  
Nabil Muhayam
Keyword(s):  
Translation Studies ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Arabic Translation ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
Translation Quality ◽  
Arabic And English ◽  
Main Ideas

Translation of tourist texts engenders textual, linguistic and cultural hurdles before achieving translation quality, which has not been given due account in translation studies. To bridge this gap, this study aimed to assess postgraduates' performance in translation of tourist texts from English to Arabic and vice versa, using a translation task (Arabic and English tourist texts) and a questionnaire. The questionnaire took a form of a 5-point Likert scale in which the students rated the texts they translated. Further, it retrieved information about translation time and postgraduates' translation experience. Findings revealed low translation quality and inappropriate use of translation procedures in rendering the tourist texts into English and Arabic. The postgraduates encountered hindrances in formulating the main ideas of the source text (ST), composing the target text (TT) and communicating the TT to the target language (TL) readers. Based on the findings, pedagogical implications have been discussed.

scholarly journals Tense and Aspect in Translation from Arabic into English: Azazeelby Youssef Ziedan as a Case Study

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
AWEJ for Translation & Literary Studies ◽  
Ebtisam Abdullah Alsaif
Keyword(s):  
English Translation ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Standard Approach ◽  
Tense And Aspect ◽  
English Translations ◽  
Arabic And English

The translation of tense and aspect between English and Arabic can be a challenge for translators because of the major differences in this respect between the two languages. In addition, there is lack in the translation literature of studies of authentic translations of tense and aspect from Arabic into English. The present study aims to fill this gap by examining the translation of tense and aspect from Arabic into English in a published translation made by a professional English translator. It also aims to clarify the evident confusion in understanding the categories of tense and aspect, particularly in languages that are as divergent as Arabic and English. In order to achieve these objectives, the researcher analyzed, compared, and explained examples drawn from selected chapters from Jonathan Wright’s (2009) English translation of Youssef Ziedan’s (2008) novel Azazeel. The researcher followed a descriptive analytical approach and, with the use of the quantitative approach, individually analyzed the English translations of the Arabic aspectual forms from Scrolls (chapters) One, Fourteen, and Twenty-four. The results of the study revealed that Wright’s (2009) English equivalents of the Arabic aspectual forms in Azazeel were mostly accurate. The findings also showed through Wright’s (2009) translation that there is not a standard approach to translate Arabic aspectual forms.

English Grammar

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindley Murray
Keyword(s):  
English Grammar
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