Evaluation of Free Amino Acid and Free Sugar Contents in Five Lines of Virginia-Type Peanuts at Four Locations1

1980 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chintana Oupadissakoon ◽  
Clyde T. Young ◽  
R. Walton Mozingo
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Free Sugar ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Free Sugars ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Index Value

Abstract Five lines of Virginia-type peanuts, Florigiant (FG), NC 6, NC 17921 (FG × Florunner), NC 17922 (FG × Valencia), NC 17976 (FG × Spanhoma), were selected from the advanced breeding lines and the standard variety test. They were grown at 4 county locations, 2 in North Carolina and 2 in Virginia, with 3 replications (blocks) in a randomized complete block design; adjacent plots were used for each digging. Free amino acid and free sugars were determined on sound mature kernels. Statistical analysis showed significant differences for varieties and locations. The variety effects were larger in the case of the free sugar contents. NC 6 had the largest quantity of glucose (0.12 mg/g), sucrose (37.45 mg/g), and stachyose (4.24 mg/g), while FG was highest in inositol (0.15 mg/g). In the case of free amino acids (μmoles/g), significant variety effects were observed for threonine-serine (1.55–1.92), alanine (0.95–1.53), peptide-cystine (1.28–1.50), valine (0.42–0.62), and histidine (0.58–0.66). Peanuts grown at Northampton County (NC) had the highest quantities of inositol (0.16 mg/g), sucrose (32.39 mg/g), stachyose (4.63 mg/g), aspartic acid (1.48 μmoles/g), threonine-serine (2.55), glutamic acid (7.49), alanine (1.89), valine (0.76), isoleucine (0.23) unknown 4-tyrosine (0.37), and histidine (0.78). The arginine maturity index value, calcium content, % sound mature kernels, % extra large kernels, and yield data are discussed.

scholarly journals Biochemical and Anatomical Changes and Yield Reduction in Rice (Oryza sativaL.) under Varied Salinity Regimes

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Hakim ◽  
Abdul Shukor Juraimi ◽  
M. M. Hanafi ◽  
Mohd Razi Ismail ◽  
Ahmad Selamat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Soluble Protein ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Physiological Activity ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Salinity Levels

Five Malaysian rice (Oryza sativaL.) varieties, MR33, MR52, MR211, MR219, and MR232, were tested in pot culture under different salinity regimes for biochemical response, physiological activity, and grain yield. Three different levels of salt stresses, namely, 4, 8, and 12 dS m−1, were used in a randomized complete block design with four replications under glass house conditions. The results revealed that the chlorophyll content, proline, sugar content, soluble protein, free amino acid, and yield per plant of all the genotypes were influenced by different salinity levels. The chlorophyll content was observed to decrease with salinity level but the proline increased with salinity levels in all varieties. Reducing sugar and total sugar increased up to 8 dS m−1and decreased up to 12 dS m−1. Nonreducing sugar decreased with increasing the salinity levels in all varieties. Soluble protein and free amino acid also decreased with increasing salinity levels. Cortical cells of MR211 and MR232 did not show cell collapse up to 8 dS m−1salinity levels compared to susceptible checks (IR20 and BRRI dhan29). Therefore, considering all parameters, MR211 and MR232 showed better salinity tolerance among the tested varieties. Both cluster and principal component analyses depict the similar results.

Analysis of Free Sugar, Organic Acid and Free Amino Acid in Commercial Makjang

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 326
Author(s):  
So Hean Jeon ◽  
Hye Lyun Jeon ◽  
Hyun-Jeong Kim ◽  
Su-Jin Lee ◽  
Bo-Dam Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Free Sugar

scholarly journals Analysis of Free Sugar and Free Amino Acid from Gochujang Produced from Korean Small Farms

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 543-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seong-Hye Son ◽  
Yeo-Joo Hong ◽  
Gwi-Jung Han ◽  
Sun-Mi Yu ◽  
Seung-Seok Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Free Sugar ◽  
Small Farms

scholarly journals Effect of Location and Time of Harvest on Free Amino Acid and Free Sugar Contents of Florigiant Peanuts1

1980 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chintana Oupadissakoon ◽  
Clyde T. Young ◽  
Francis G. Giesbrecht ◽  
Astor Perry
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Free Sugar ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Harvest Dates ◽  
Flavor Precursors ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Peanuts, Arachis hypogaea L., Florigiant cv., were grown in North Carolina counties, Northampton, Bertie, Chowan, Halifax, Hertford and Nash in order to determine the influence of locations and harvest dates on the individual free amino acids, free sugars, total sugars, arginine maturity index, and calcium. The peanuts were harvested at weekly intervals up to eight times, starting 125–130 days after planting. Location effects were significant for many precursors of typical roasted peanut flavor (aspartic acid, glutamic acid, peptide, and phenylalanine) and sugars (fructose, glucose, and sucrose). Locations did not significantly influence the atypicl roasted flavor precursors (tyrosine, lysine, and arginine). Changes in free amino acid and free sugar contents during the peanut harvesting period gave both linear and quadratic trends. Both free amino acid and sugar contents decreased after the early harvest times, followed by a flattening out near optimum harvesting period, and eventually increased during the late harvests. At optimum harvesting time, roasted flavor precursors were predominant among free amino acids comprising 64% of the total. Sucrose, a source of sugar reactants, constituted 86% of the total sugars.

The effect of steaming on the free amino acid contents and antioxidant activity of ginseng

Planta Medica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
EJ Cho ◽  
XL Piao ◽  
MH Jang ◽  
SY Park ◽  
SW Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Amino Acid Contents

Tronchuda cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. costata DC) leaf free amino acid profile

Planta Medica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
BM Silva ◽  
AP Oliveira ◽  
DM Pereira ◽  
C Sousa ◽  
RM Seabra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Tronchuda Cabbage ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L

Evaluation of plasma free amino acid and carnitine levels in patients with cesarean scar pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omer Tammo ◽  
Hacer Uyanikoglu ◽  
İsmail Koyuncu
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Myometrial Invasion ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cesarean Scar Pregnancy ◽  
Cesarean Scar

Aim and Objective: This study aimed to explore the plasma free amino acid (FAA) and carnitine levels in pregnant women with cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP), and to compare them with those of healthy pregnant women. Materials and Methods: This prospective and randomized controlled study was conducted in patients admitted to Harran University Medical Faculty Hospital Obstetrics Clinic between January 2018 and January 2019. A total of 60 patients were included in the study, and the patients were divided into two groups: CSP group (n = 30) and healthy pregnant group as the control group (n = 30). The blood samples were taken from the participants between 7 - 12 weeks of gestation. Twentyseven carnitines and their esters and 14 FAAs were analysed by liquid chromatography – mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Results: The mean plasma concentrations of some carnitines, including C2, C5, C5-OH, C5-DC, C6, C8-1, C12, C14, C14- 1, C14-2, C16, C16-1, C18, and C18-1 were significantly higher in CSP group than in the control group. However, other carnitines, including C0, C3, C4, C4-DC, C5-1, C6-DC, C8, C8-DC, C10, C10-1, C18-1-OH, and C18-2 were similar in both groups. The plasma levels of some FAAs, including Methyl Glutaryl, Leu, Met, Phe, Arg, Orn, and Glu values were significantly higher in CSP group than in the control group. However, there was no statistically significance in other FAA levels, including Val, Asa, Tyr, Asp, Ala, Cit, and Gly between the two groups. Additionally, Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that there were significantly positive correlations between many FAA and carnitine values. Conclusion: Since several plasma carnitine and FAA levels were higher in CSP group than in the control group, we think that scar pregnancy increases metabolic need for myometrial invasion. Also, we think that these results may be useful in clinical practice for CSP diagnosis.

Plasma-Free Amino Acid Profiling of Nasal Polyposis Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 657-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Celik ◽  
Alper Şen ◽  
İsmail Koyuncu ◽  
Ataman Gönel
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Nasal Polyposis ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Healthy Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
History Of

Aim and Objective:: To determine the mechanisms present in the etiopathogenesis of nasal polyposis. It is not clear whether amino acids contribute in a causal way to the development of the disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the plasma-free amino acid profile in patients with nasal polyposis and to compare the results with a healthy control group. Materials and Methods:: This was a prospective controlled study that took place in the Otolaryngology Department at the Harran University Faculty of Medicine between April 2017 and April 2018. Plasmafree amino acid profile levels were studied in serum samples taken from a patient group and a healthy control group. Patients who were diagnosed with bilateral diffuse nasal polyposis and were scheduled for surgical interventions were included in this study. Individuals whose age, gender, and body mass index values were compatible with that of the patient group and who did not have any health problems were included in the control group. All the participants whose levels of plasma-free amino acid were thought to be affected by one or more of the following factors were excluded from the study: smoking and alcohol use, allergic rhinitis presence, the presence of acute or chronic sinusitis, a history of endoscopic sinus surgery, unilateral nasal masses, a history of chronic drug use, systemic or topical steroid use in the last three months for any reason, and liver, kidney, hematological, cardiovascular, metabolic, neurological, or psychiatric disorders or malignancies. Results: In patients with nasal polyposis, 3-methyl histidine (3-MHIS: nasal polyposis group (ng) = 3.22 (1.92 – 6.07); control group (cg) = 1.21 (0.77 – 1.68); p = 0.001); arginine (arg: ng = 98.95 (70.81 – 117.75); cg = 75.10 (54.49 – 79.88); p = 0.005); asparagine (asn: ng = 79.84 (57.50 – 101.44); cg = 60.66 (46.39 – 74.62); p = 0.021); citrulline (cit: ng = 51.83 (43.81 – 59.78); cg = 38.33 (27.81 – 53.73); p = 0.038); cystine (cys: ng = 4.29 (2.43 – 6.66); cg = 2.41 (1.51 – 4.16); p = 0.019); glutamic acid (glu: ng = 234.86 (128.75 – 286.66); cg = 152.37 (122.51 – 188.34); p = 0.045); histidine (his: ng = 94.19 (79.34 – 113.99); cg = 74.80 (62.76 – 98.91); p = 0.018); lysine (lys: ng = 297.22 (206.55 – 371.25); cg = 179.50 (151.58 – 238.02); p = 0.001); ornithine (ng = 160.62 (128.36 – 189.32); cg = 115.91 (97.03 – 159.91); p = 0.019); serine (ser: ng = 195.15 (151.58 – 253.07); cg = 83.07 (67.44 – 92.44); p = 0.001); taurine (tau: ng = 74.69 (47.00 – 112.13); cg = 53.14 (33.57 – 67.31); p = 0.006); tryptophan (trp: ng = 52.31 (33.81 – 80.11); cg = 34.44 (25.94 – 43.07); p = 0.005), homocitrulline (ng = 1.75 (1.27 – 2.59); cg = 0.00 (0.00 – 0.53); p = 0.001); norvaline (ng = 6.90 (5.61 – 9.18); cg = 4.93 (3.74 – 7.13); p = 0.021); argininosuccinic acid (ng = 14.33 (10.06 – 25.65); cg = 12.22 (5.77 – 16.87) p = 0.046); and plasma concentrations were significantly higher than in the healthy control group (p <0.05). However, the gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba: ng = 0.16 (0.10 – 0.24); cg = 0.21 (0.19 – 0.29); p = 0.010) plasma concentration was significantly lower in the nasal polyposis group than in the healthy control group. Conclusion: In this study, plasma levels of 15 free amino acids were significantly higher in the nasal polyposis group than in the healthy control group. A plasma level of 1 free amino acid was found to be significantly lower in the nasal polyposis group compared to the healthy control group. Therefore, it is important to determine the possibility of using the information obtained to prevent the recurrence of the condition and to develop effective treatment strategies. This study may be a milestone for studies of this subject. However, this study needs to be confirmed by further studies conducted in a larger series.

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