scholarly journals Clinical Significance of Oral Care and Oral Management on the Treatment and Prevention of Aspiration Pneumonia in the Elderly: Evidences and Pitfalls

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Shinji Teramoto ◽  
Shinji Teramoto
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Aspiration Pneumonia ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Healthcare Management ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Swallowing Function ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Swallowing Rehabilitation

Oral care and oral management are important for preventing aspiration pneumonia (ASP). The main pathology of ASP is microaspiration of oropharyngeal contents during night, swallowing rehabilitation must be necessary for the ASP treatment. However, swallowing rehabilitation cannot totally restore the normal swallowing function. Oral healthcare management should be initiated and continued in parallel with antibiotic treatment of ASP. Oral care helps to prevent aspiration pneumonia by reducing oral bacteria, while oral management helps by improving masticatory and rehabilitating functions. The efficacy of oral care for reducing the incidence of pneumonia has been clearly observed in untreated frail elderly patients, but not in well-cared elderly persons. It has been established that oral care is cyclically significant for the prevention of ASP in the elderly. However, oral problems are not the primary cause of ASP in the elderly. Although there is an amount of evidences of oral care for ASP prevention, there are some controversies of the clinical significance of oral care for ASP treatment.

scholarly journals Efficacy of a New Post-Mouthwash Intervention (Wiping Plus Oral Nutritional Supplements) for Preventing Aspiration Pneumonia in Elderly People: A Multicenter, Randomized, Comparative Trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 253-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Higashiguchi ◽  
Hiroshi  Ohara ◽  
Yayoi Kamakura ◽  
Takeshi Kikutani ◽  
Masafumi Kuzuya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Aspiration Pneumonia ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Comparative Trial ◽  
Nutritional Supplements ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Nutritional Supplements

Background/Aims: Aspiration pneumonia is a common cause of death among the elderly (≥90-year-old) in nursing homes. Studies suggest that its incidence could be reduced by oral care interventions. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a new oral care intervention: wiping plus oral nutritional supplements (ONS). Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in 252 patients (age 88.0 ± 6.5 years) in 75 nursing homes, rehabilitation hospitals, and other care facilities. Patients were randomly divided into an intervention group (n = 74) and a control group (n = 107), whose members received conventional oral care. Body mass index, activities of daily living (Barthel index), and complete blood count and biochemistry parameters were measured at 2, 4, 6, and 8 months. Results: The cumulative incidence of pneumonia at 8 months tended to be lower in the intervention than in the control group (7.8 vs. 17.7%, p = 0.056) and was significantly lower for men in the intervention group (p = 0.046). Conclusions: Our new intervention “wiping plus providing ONS” method appears to help prevent aspiration pneumonia, thereby reducing mortality risk. In this study, we disseminate information on how this method is used in Japan.

scholarly journals Application of Cluster Nursing Among Post-Stroke Patients with Dysphagia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhu Lin ◽  
Min Sun ◽  
Yang Peng ◽  
Sun Weiqing
Keyword(s):  
Aspiration Pneumonia ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Swallowing Function ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Satisfactory Level ◽  
Swallowing Rehabilitation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective: To explore the effect of cluster nursing care among post-stroke patients. Methods: Post-stroke patients with dysphagia (n=72) were randomly divided into two groups: experimental (or intervention) (n=36) the control (n=36). Patients in the experimental group were given cluster care, including swallowing assessment, safe eating guide, swallowing rehabilitation, the establishment of cluster prevention strategy and health education to patients and caregivers. Patients in the control group were given conventional nursing care, and the score of swallowing function, the prevalence of aspiration pneumonia and nursing care satisfactory level in both groups were assessed before and after the intervention. Results: The swallowing function of patients in the two groups were improved after intervention, but patients in the experimental group showed significantly higher improvement than the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of aspiration pneumonia was significantly lower in the experimental group compared to the control group (P<0.05). Moreover, the satisfactory level of nursing management was higher in the experimental group than the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Cluster nursing (CN) practice has significantly improved the swallowing function of stroke patients with dysphagia, reduced the incidence of aspiration pneumonia and enhanced the satisfaction of nursing care.

Validity of the Elderly Behavior Assessment for Relatives (EBAR)

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Pezzuti ◽  
Caterina Laicardi ◽  
Marco Lauriola
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Good Health ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Behavior Assessment ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Behavior Rating Scale ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
State Examination

Summary: An Elderly Behavior Assessment for Relatives (EBAR), updating the GERRI ( Schwartz, 1983 ), was administered to relatives (or significant others) of 349 elderly persons, from 60 to over 80 years of age, living at home, in good health and without cognitive impairment. A trained psychologist administered subjects the Life Satisfaction for Elderly Scale (LSES), the Instrumental Activity of Daily Living (IADL), the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), and personally answered to an overall elderly behavior rating scale (RA). EBAR items were first examined. The more attractive and less discriminative statements were excluded. A principal components analysis was carried out on the remaining EBAR items. Three factors were extracted. After varimax rotation they were tentatively labeled: Everyday Cognitive Functioning, Depression, and Hostility. Factor-driven EBAR subscales were designed, taking into account simpler items in the factor matrix. Results provide evidence for EBAR construct validity. Everyday Cognitive Functioning is connected to the IADL and the RA scores; Depression is very highly related to the LSES; Hostility is weakly related to RA, IADL, and MMSE, indicating that the scale needs further investigation.

Senior Living - Lighting, Circadian Rhythm and Dementia I

2019 ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
Tadej Glažar ◽  
Marjeta Zupancic ◽  
Samo Kralj ◽  
Robert Peternelj
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Light Spectrum ◽  
Average Life Expectancy ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
Lighting Conditions ◽  
Light Levels ◽  
Joint Fracture ◽  
Lease Contracts

The Real Estate Fund of Pension and Disability Insurance (Nepremicninski Sklad) in Slovenia, founded in1997 is the owner of 3255 properties in 116 locations throughout the country and is intended for solving housing issues of pensioners of 65 years or older and other elderly persons who are allowed independently to live. The lease contracts are concluded for an indefinite period of time. The aim and vision of the Fund is to improve the quality of life for the elderly tenants by adapting the living environment, the flats and surroundings according to the physical needs of aging tenants. Homes for seniors often have low light levels and poor light spectrum caused by fluorescent or incandescent lighting. Demographic changes in most European countries show rising average life expectancy which means that the number of people with weak visual capacity or visual impairment is increasing. Equally the risks of injuries due to poor lighting conditions are increasing, e.g. missing a step resulting in a hip joint fracture. Better lighting conditions are of critical importance for aging population, as stated also in the recently published CIE227:2017. To facilitate safe environment for the elderly, the Fund in 2013 initiated a lighting research study that should provide facts and evidence for a lighting standard for their own premises.

Characteristics of Swallowing Function in the Very Elderly and Risk Factors of Aspiration Pneumonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-221
Author(s):  
T. Karaho ◽  
K. Kawahara ◽  
T. Ebihara ◽  
K. Saito
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Aspiration Pneumonia ◽  
Very Elderly ◽  
Swallowing Function

Rebalance the oral microbiota as efficacy tool in endocrine, metabolic, and immune disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciro Gargiulo Isacco ◽  
Andrea Ballini ◽  
Danila De Vito ◽  
Kieu Cao Diem Nguyen ◽  
Stefania Cantore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Philosophical Approach ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Cardio Vascular Disease ◽  
Cardio Vascular

: The current treatment and prevention of oral disorders follow a very sectoral control and procedures considering mouth and its structures as system completely independent from the rest of the body. The main therapeutic approach is carried out on just to keep the levels of oral bacteria and hygiene in an acceptable range compatible with one-way vision of oral-mouth health completely separated from a systemic microbial homeostasis (eubiosis vs dysbiosis). This can negatively impact on the diagnosis of more complex systemic disease and its progression. Dysbiosis is consequence of oral and gut microbiota unbalance with consequences, as reported in current literature, in cardio vascular disease, diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, and Alzheimer’s disease. Likewise, there is the need to highlight and develop a novel philosophical approach in the treatments for oral diseases that will necessarily involve non-conventional approaches.

scholarly journals The impact of chronic disease and disability on the elderly

1999 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
C. J. Eales
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

Health care systems for elderly people should aim to delay the onset of illness, reducing the final period of infirmity and illness to the shortest possible time. The most effective way to achieve this is by health education and preventative medicine to maintain mobility and function. Changes in life style even in late life may result in improved health, effectively decreasing the incidence of chronic diseases associated with advancing age. This paper presents the problems experienced by elderly persons with chronic diseases and disabilities with indications for meaningful therapeutic interventions.

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