scholarly journals Peasant Trade in the Peripheral Regions of the Altai Territory in Neighboring Regions as an Adaptation Practice During the Great Patriotic War (Based on Oral History)

2020 ◽  
pp. 187-195
Author(s):  
A.V. Rykov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Adaptation Practice ◽  
Peripheral Regions

scholarly journals Gathering in the nutrition system of rural Russian population of the South of Western Siberia: adaptation everyday practices as a factor of winning the Great Patriotic War

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-81
Author(s):  
Tatiana K. Shcheglova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Oral History ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Social Memory ◽  
Russian Population ◽  
The South ◽  
Wild Harvest ◽  
Everyday Practices ◽  
Great Patriotic War

The article assesses the significance of foraging in life sustaining of rural Russian population in the war rear areas during the years of the Great Patriotic War. It is proved that a family’s domestic resources in the periods of adversity were presented by practices alternative to the homestead property, which were assuming by their nature for being based on natural resources of the vicinity. In everyday nutrition system it manifested itself in the changes of nutrition patterns accompanied by its restructuring consisting in replacement of the basic ingredients of traditional cuisine by the secondary ones, including introduction of eatable wild harvest and berries instead of national crops. The author analyzes the reasons and mechanisms, describes season procedures of gathering, the types of wild harvest and berries, their natural geographical conditioning, the ways of introducing them into the nutrition system, and methods of harvesting for preservation. The conclusion is made about the effectiveness of using oral history methods in studying under-investigated scientific issues of the Great Patriotic war related to the anthropological content on the basis of social memory.

scholarly journals ФРОНТОВОЙ БЫТ ВЕЛИКОЙ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОЙ ВОЙНЫ: СТРУКТУРА И ОСОБЕННОСТИ

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-25
Author(s):  
Елена Спартаковна Сенявская
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Oral History ◽  
Military History ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Line Life ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Red Army ◽  
Subjective Factor

Фронтовая повседневность определяется автором как совокупность опасности боя и повседневности быта во всём многообразии их типичных и уникальных проявлений. В  данной статье рассматриваются особенности фронтового быта Красной Армии в  период Великой Отечественной войны на основе эго-документов (писем, дневников, мемуаров) и материалов «устной истории» – воспоминаний-интервью её участников, представителей разных родов войск и военных профессий, принадлежащих к рядовому, младшему и среднему командному составу. Показано, что от качества солдатского быта, его организации в  экстремальных военных условиях во многом зависел моральный дух войск и их боеспособность, а недостаточное внимание к отдельным бытовым факторам негативно сказывалось на ходе боевых действий или приводило к неоправданно большим потерям. Изучение фронтовой повседневности, ее тяжести и противоречивости, через мироощущение и судьбы отдельных фронтовиков позволяет глубже понять «человеческий ракурс» новейшей военной истории, тот трудноуловимый субъективный фактор, который в экстремальных условиях войны мог неожиданно перевесить все факторы материальные и оказаться «последней каплей», склоняющей чашу весов в сторону побед или поражений. Front-line life is a combination of the danger of battle and everyday life in all the variety of their typical and unique manifestations. This article examines the specifics of the front-line life of the Red Army during the Great Patriotic War based on ego-documents (letters, diaries, memoirs) and on “oral history” – memoirs-interviews of its participants belonging to the armed forces and military professions of the rank-and-file and the command staff. It is shown that the morale of the troops and their fighting capacity largely depended on the quality of the soldier’s life, its organization in extreme military conditions. Insufficient attention to certain household factors negatively affected the course of hostilities or led to unjustifiably large losses. The study of the front-line everyday life in all its diversity and controversy through the eyes and the fates of individual front-line soldiers allows us to better understand the “human perspective” of recent military history, the elusive subjective factor that in extreme conditions could unexpectedly outweigh all material factors and turn out to be the “last straw” that tips the scales in favor of victories or defeats.

scholarly journals Study of Recreation Forms During the Period of the Great Patriotic War by the Method of Oral History

2020 ◽  
pp. 1153-1162
Author(s):  
Olga L. Lushnikova ◽  
Viktor K. Lushnikov
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
General Idea ◽  
General View ◽  
Krasnoyarsk Krai ◽  
The South ◽  
Brass Band ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Great Patriotic War

The paper concerns the recreation forms of the population of the South of Krasnoyarsk Krai during the Great Patriotic War. The purpose of this work is to give the general idea of recreation forms at that time. There are a lot of quantitative studies devoted to recreation in wartime, however, qualitative researches are more valuable for a deeper understanding of life in that period. The method of oral history is more relevant for this purpose because it allows exploring the direct people’s experience in the past. The article is based on the interview data of 26 persons (aged 78–88 years) collected in the period of 2011–2017. The analysis allowed outlining a general view of wartime recreation in the South of Krasnoyarsk Krai. Firstly, the study revealed diverse forms of recreation. These are reading books in libraries, listening to the radio, going to the theaters and circus (both local and visiting), and mobile cinemas. Evening dancing parties to live concertina, accordion or bayan music, and in some places to the brass band can be called a special form of recreation. Secondly, this study found differences between urban and rural recreation. Rural people had fewer opportunities for recreational activities. For example, in rural areas most libraries were closed due to the lack of funding. Thirdly, interpersonal communication, which allowed people to relax, to have rest and to share their experiences and emotions with other people, played a very important role

scholarly journals Sociological methods of studying the history of the great patriotic war: opportunities and limitations

2020 ◽  
pp. 82-88
Author(s):  
Galina Gritsenko
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Oral History ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Sensory Data ◽  
Empirical Information ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Empirical Database

The article reveals the possibilities of using sociological methods to collect the empirical information that relates to the spiritual sphere of everyday life. One of these is the oral history method. Its application allows you to create an empirical database of subjective emotional-sensory data. The necessity of not only knowing this data, but also translating it into the educational space, which ensures the sociocultural continuity of the natural historical process of the development of society, is substantiated.

scholarly journals Family Stories about the Great Patriotic War: Specifics of Historical Sources

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 482-489
Author(s):  
Petr S. Kabytov ◽  
◽  
Nadezhda N. Kabytova ◽  
Ekaterina P. Barinova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Specific Mechanism ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Family Stories ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Digitized Documents ◽  
The Military

The article considers the principles and methods of studying behavioral practices in the everyday life of people through their fates during the Great Patriotic War. The materials of oral history are analyzed, the subjectivity of which does not distort, but complements the information of legislative and clerical sources. Valuable information is contained in declassified and digitized documents of the Martyrologist of the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945. Based on the memories of war and labor veterans, data of electronic resources highlighting new facets of known events, forms and methods of overcoming dangers and threats in extreme conditions are shown, which made it possible to identify a specific mechanism for the formation of the human factor in the military defense potential of the country.

scholarly journals “Children of the XXI century about children of war”: about the experience of the regional competition of research projects

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 357-361
Author(s):  
O. G. Filippova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Local History ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
75Th Anniversary ◽  
History Museum ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Regional Competition ◽  
Museum Development ◽  
Children Of War

The publication is devoted to topical issues of Museum development in the Altai. The article describes the experience of implementing the project by the Altai State Local History Museum dedicated to the 75th anniversary of Victory in the great Patriotic war. The importance of using oral history research in the activities of museums is noted.

scholarly journals ORAL HISTORY AS A METHOD OF PRESERVATION MEMORY OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR (SOME OF THE RESULTS OF THE INTERNATIONAL PROJECT)

PRIMO ASPECTU ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Evgeniya V. ANUFRIEVA ◽  
Nadezhda V. DULINA ◽  
Roza S. ZHARKYNBAYEVA
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
International Project ◽  
International Level ◽  
Scientific Organizations ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gender Aspects ◽  
Second World

The article reviews some of the results of the international project "Front / rear: gender aspects of the Second world / great Patriotic war in the history of Kazakhstan and Russia", implemented by historians and sociologists in Kazakhstan and Russia from 2018 to the present. The article shows the possibilities of applying the gender approach and the method of oral history to study the events of the great Patriotic war. Attention is drawn to such forms of work as interviewing contemporaries of the great Patriotic war in Kazakhstan and Russia, cooperation with public and scientific organizations, as well as interest in the project materials at the international level.

scholarly journals The Great Patriotic War in People’s memory: potential of personal origin sources and materials of oral history

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-64
Author(s):  
Ilnara I. Khanipova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Oral History ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Collective Consciousness ◽  
The Past ◽  
World Outlook ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
The Common ◽  
Mechanisms Of Memory

Developing the problem of the formation and representation of the past, the mechanisms of memory transformation of past events both in individual and collective consciousness, modern researchers are paying more and more attention to the materials of oral history. The article analyzes the importance of oral history materials and documents of personal origin in the study of the Great Patriotic War history. The author believes that proactive documentation is an indispensable source for writing history in the “human dimension” and an excellent opportunity to commemorate memorable events of the war. Reflecting the individuality of storytellers, their cultural values and world outlook / worldview, as well as specific historical conditions that have formed individual views of the world, oral history materials demonstrate images and phenomena of the past that have become socially significant for certain generations, and carry factual and evaluative information. Through indepth interviews with the participants of the events, the researcher actualizes personally significant and socially important memories, transforming them into cultural and historical values. Considering the potential of these sources, the author identifies the main plotlines and themes that resonate with military issues; draws attention to the fact that they illustrate in detail the private world of a person. Due to natural departure of the Great Patriotic War eyewitnesses and contemporaries after the era, the author pays special attention to the accumulation and publication of memoirs that makes it possible to preserve the depth of historical memory horizons. Despite the common and different aspects in the structure and content of the constructed ideas about the war, she concludes that all materials of oral history are an important contribution to the preservation of the collective memory of the nation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document