scholarly journals Theoretical and applied aspects of labour efficiency as a social and economic category

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
Tatiana Korneeva
Keyword(s):  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Successful Operation ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Hourly Output ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Building Enterprises

Introduction. Improving labour efficiency is the key to successful operation of any organization. Social and economic development of the state is largely depends on the in-depth study of labour efficiency management. These issues should be solved at certain enterprises at macro- and meso-economic levels. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to deepen theoretical and methodological principles and develop practical recommendations for improving labour efficiency. Results. The generalization of theoretical and methodological provisions of the category of labour efficiency is carried out. Methodical approaches to the evaluation and measurement of labour efficiency at enterprises have been considered. It is established that labour efficiency, as an economic category, takes into account many aspects that reveal it through certain characteristics, which are expressed in labour productivity, quality and labour performance. It was found that increasing the production of surplus products can increase productivity, but will reduce its efficiency. It is noted that labour efficiency is a dynamic indicator that reflects evaluation of changes in the sum of indicators of labour quality and productivity, life quality of all stakeholders involved in the working process and the use of its results. It is proposed to consider the category "labour efficiency" in terms of qualitative and quantitative criteria and substantiate the essence of labour efficiency, which reflects qualitative component in the form of products of specific consumer quality with value added and quantitative component in the form of manufactured products to the amount of labour spent on its production. The method of building a model for determining the coefficients of rating of the factors of enterprise development using the method of linearization of the model of labour efficiency is proposed. Conclusions. It is proposed to evaluate labour efficiency at the enterprise using a quantitative criterion which is the average hourly output of one employee, and a qualitative criterion which is the average hourly value added per employee. The increase in value added at the enterprise is achieved through the optimization of all production processes. The comparative complex analysis by means of the method of defining specific rating coefficients (SRC) of influence of development factors on labour efficiency at the machine-building enterprises is carried out. Proposals have been developed to evaluate optimal conditions for the development, stability and decline (bankruptcy) of machine-building enterprises.

scholarly journals Management of Business Development for Machine-Building Companies in the Frame of integrated Corporate Structures

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 108-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. N. Topoleva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Building Industry ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Corporate Structure ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Building Enterprises

The article considers the stage process of a machine-building enterprise modernization management, the enterprise being a part of an integrated corporate structure, in response to the demand for an economic and technological breakthrough. The topicality of the study is determined by the problems of technical and process design renewal of the Russian industry, the lack of investment support of modernization programs in the production sector, and the development of new forms of public demand typical for the innovative economy. The authors have substantiated the role of economic integration processes in the development and modernization of machine-building enterprises based on the synergetic paradigm. The paper identifies and characterizes the stages of modernization management processes taking into account the mission and strategic goals of the enterprise development. The research has covered theoretical and methodological works of domestic and foreign scientists on the problems of economic integration and best practices of creating big integrated corporate structures. Modernization is considered as a set of measures aimed at improving the production and economic activities of enterprises participating in integrated corporate structures in order to ensure sustainable economic efficiency. Moreover, the paper identifies the factors preventing the sustainable development of domestic machine-building industry. A number of problems facing machine-building enterprises during the crisis period can be successfully overcome by them within the frame of integrated corporate structures which are entrusted with a leading role in the development and modernization of the machine-building complex. Among other things, the formation of such structures is aimed at the innovative development and creation of various types of knowledge-intensive industries with greater value added. The paper presents the mechanism for managing the modernization of enterprises within the frame of integrated corporate structures. Priority areas of investments in the implementation of modernization projects are proposed to be determined not only on the basis of the expected economic effect, but also taking into account the potential of the entities under modernization. The approach proposed by the author for managing the modernization of the enterprise within the frame of integrated corporate structures can be used both at the enterprises of the machine-building industry and the industrial complex as a whole in the context of improving the efficiency of the management system. The practical implementation of modernization measures will enhance the competitiveness of enterprises, increase their investment attractiveness and switch them to a higher level of economic sustainability with a focus on achieving the maximum impact in all spheres of activity.

scholarly journals Scientific Instructions for the Formation of the Enterprise Motivation Mechanism

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (14) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Al. Atayeva
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Performance ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Physical Capital ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Labour Productivity Growth ◽  
Motivational Mechanism

The scientific approaches to the formation of the motivational mechanism of Ukrainian enterprises in the modern period on the example of the machine-building enterprise "Vistek" in Bakhmut, and methods of quantitative assessment of the balance of social and economic class interests of employees and owners of means of production are defined.  The conditions under which the balance of economic interests for the benefit of the employers are revealed.  The criterion for the quantitative determination of the social class interests of workers and employers is the structure of labour potential, which is formed by its constituent elements of human physical capital and the distribution of value added in accordance with the quantity and quality of work and the balance of social interests.  A quantitative expression of the measure of labour and consumption, which determines the proportions between labour and its wages. The category of the threshold of social sensitivity of basic wages and incentive payments are determined. The methods of determining its level are revealed that associated with the effect of production, which harmonizes the scale of production and consumption, and forms balance of social and economic interests of hired and entrepreneurial labour, which harmonize social relations in the country. The structure of the motivational mechanism for stimulating the success of staff and business efficiency is proposed: motives, goals, ways of satisfaction, forms, methods and sources of needs. The model of formation of the mechanism of management of remuneration in the state is suggested according to the objective law of remuneration, its essence is defined. In particular, microeconomic and macroeconomic levels of remuneration management are highlighted, showing indicators of the ratio of the standard and actual rates of wage growth to one percent of labour productivity growth in accordance with the efficiency of human capital use, optimality of the distribution of value added, resource level of production. Macroeconomic level, payment management, institutional decisions, levers of social policy and social performance are also determined. A methodology for quantifying the proportions of value added distribution between the producer and employer class is formulated.  Examples of calculations of the change in the value-share index between two social classes are given. This methodology allows to solve complex problems of social class stratification of the personnel of enterprises and increase their interest in the results of work.

scholarly journals Organizational Problems of Machine-Building Enterprises in the Context of Small-Scale Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 346 ◽  
pp. 03025
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Tipner ◽  
Yuliya Markova ◽  
Nikita Vasiliev
Keyword(s):  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Life Cycle Management ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Complex Life Cycle ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Building Enterprises ◽  
Organizational Problems

The need to increase labour productivity and improve the competitiveness of engineering products, as well as to increase high-tech exports, are urgent tasks for the development of industry in the Russian Federation. The creation of competitive products implies flexibility in the approach to the consumer, which leads to an increase in the share of enterprises operating in conditions of small-scale production. The purpose of this study is to assess the reserves of productivity growth at machine-building enterprises of small-scale and unit-type production in the Ural region. Research has shown that organizational factors, such as the automation of production preparation processes, the use of photo-timing studies in the conditions of small-scale production, have a significant impact on labour productivity. In this case, the solution of organizational problems helps to create informational database for introduction at the enterprises of mechanical engineering complex life cycle management of products (the PLM).

Main approaches to prevention of health disorders in workers in contact with physical factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 827-829
Author(s):  
Andrey V. Melentyev
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Noise And Vibration ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Building Enterprises

Introduction. One of the leading causes of occupational health loss, especially in mining and machine-building enterprises, is the combined impact of industrial noise and vibration. The wide prevalence of cardiovascular diseases is one of the most important medical and social problems, due to persistent disability and high mortality, bringing prevention of health disorders to the first place as the basis for preserving labor longevity. The aim of study is to identify the main approaches aimed at preventing health problems in workers who come into contact with vibration and noise at mining and machine-building enterprises. Materials and methods. A survey and survey of 296 industrial workers was conducted. Group 1 (160 people) included men who were exposed to noise and vibration factors above the maximum permissible levels, group 2 consisted of 136 men who did not have direct contact with noise and vibration generating equipment. When conducting an in-depth laboratory and instrumental examination in a hospital setting, all workers additionally calculated the level of cardiovascular risk on the SCORE scale. Statistical analysis was performed using the software package "Statistica 6.0". Results. It is determined that the priority adverse factors of the working environment in production are noise and vibration. It has been shown that individuals who come into contact with these factors are more likely to detect violations of lipid metabolism and endothelial function, have a higher average heart rate and systolic blood pressure, and have an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. Conclusions. Taking into account the obtained results of the proposed diagnostic approaches aimed at the prevention of health disorders among workers of industrial enterprises. If employees are found to have an increased cardiovascular risk, it is necessary to conduct a more in-depth examination and timely medical and preventive measures.

METHODOLOGY FOR ANALYZING THE EFFICIENCY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING ENTERPRISES

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 102-105
Author(s):  
V. A. BORODIN ◽  
◽  
А. I. GALUSHKINA ◽  
E. A. NAGAEVA ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Evaluation Indicator ◽  
Building Enterprises

The article deals with the assessment of the economic condition of machine-building enterprises . Three major automotive companies were considered as the object of research. Profitability indicators were adopted as the main evaluation indicator. To assess the economic efficiency of enterprises, a formula is proposed that takes into account the weight of its components.

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