Movement of the particle on the surface of the conveyor belt, arbitrarily oriented in space

2021 ◽  
pp. 129-144
Author(s):  
S. Pylypaka ◽  
◽  
A. Nesvidomin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Motion ◽  
Initial Velocity ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Inclined Plane ◽  
Material Particle ◽  
Angle Of Friction ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Curved Section ◽  
Rectilinear Section ◽  
The Web

The movement of the material on the inclined belt of the conveyor takes place during transportation or its frictional cleaning. For an inclined moving plane (slide), the angle of its inclination to the horizontal plane is decisive. The absolute motion of a particle is the sum of two motions - the portable belt and the relative particle along the belt, so it is affected by the angle between the vectors of the greatest inclination of the plane and the transfer velocity of the plane (tape). The purpose of the study is to determine the motion of a material particle on the conveyor belt for the case when the angle between the vector of the line of greatest inclination of the conveyor plane and the direction of its transfer speed is arbitrary. To do this, the conveyor belt element was depicted as a rectangle with an axis of symmetry drawn along the direction of translational movement. In the initial position, the plane was placed horizontally, so the angle of greatest inclination is absent. In the future, the plane was given an arbitrary location in space due to alternate rotation around the sides bounding its compartment or around the axes of symmetry of the compartment, which is equivalent. The relative and absolute motions of the material particle along the moving web of the conveyor are considered for the case when the line of the greatest inclination of the web plane makes an arbitrary angle with the direction of the portable motion of the web. A system of differential equations of motion is compiled and solved. The obtained results are illustrated graphically. It is established that the nature of the relative motion of a particle on an inclined plane moving rectilinearly and uniformly depends on the direction of the vector of the line of the greatest inclination and the value of the angle of inclination of this plane. If the angle of inclination is less than the angle of friction, then the lateral feed of the particle will eventually stop either on the curved section of the trajectory or on a straight line that is parallel to the line of greatest inclination. The stopping place of the particle depends on the value of the initial velocity. At an angle of inclination of the plane equal to the angle of friction, the particle during the movement along the curved section of the trajectory reduces its initial velocity by half and then moves in a straight line and evenly. If the angle of inclination of the plane is greater than the angle of friction, the particle in relative motion along the curvilinear section of the trajectory first reduces the velocity, and when approaching a rectilinear section, its velocity increases and continues to increase on a rectilinear section of the trajectory. Key words: material particle, conveyor, inclined plane, plane inclination angle, particle velocity

scholarly journals SCREW DESCENT, ANALYTICAL DESCRIPTION OF WHICH INCLUDES THE EQUATION OF PARTICLE MOVEMENT ON AN INCLINED PLANE

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-98
Author(s):  
Tatiana Volina
Keyword(s):  
Angular Velocity ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Analytical Description ◽  
Constant Angular Velocity ◽  
Particle Movement ◽  
Inclined Plane ◽  
Material Particle ◽  
Angle Of Friction ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
The Difference

To study the modes of particle movement depending on the constructive parameters of the surface, it is important to have analytical dependencies of this movement. An analytical description of the movement of a load on the example of a material particle on the surface of a gravitational descent formed by a screw conoid and a coaxial vertical limiting cylinder was developed in the article. It makes it possible to find the constructive parameters of the descent, which will provide the required speed of the transportation. If the surface of the confining cylinder is absolutely smooth, then the movement of the particle along such a descent will be uniformly accelerated or equally slowed down depending on the value of the angle of inclination of the plane, that is, similar to movement along an inclined plane. If the angle of inclination of the plane is equal to the angle of friction, then the particle will move with a constant angular velocity of rotation, then one can find the linear velocity, which will also be constant. The value of this speed will be equal to the initial one. If the angle of inclination of the plane is equal to the angle of friction, but the coefficient of friction is not equal to zero, then the particle will be decelerated due to the action of the friction force of the particle on the surface of the cylinder. This is the difference from descent along an inclined plane, along which the particle in this case will move at a constant speed. In the general case, when the angle of ascent of the helix is ​​greater than the angle of friction, the driving force and the force of friction on the surface of the conoid and on the surface of the cylinder are balanced with each other and the angular velocity of rotation of the particle becomes constant. Consequently, it is possible to provide the required speed of transportation of the material at various ratios of the structural parameters of the surface with known coefficients of friction. To reduce the overall dimensions of the screw descent, it is necessary to reduce the radius of the limiting cylinder; however, with this limitation, the weight of loads should be taken into account.

Lung diffusing capacity: rebreathing method, applicability in nonuniform ventilation

1965 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S⊘lvsteen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Nonuniform Distribution ◽  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Carbon Monoxide Concentration ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Co Concentration ◽  
Concentration Changes ◽  
Rectilinear Section ◽  
Rebreathing Method

We have calculated how the carbon monoxide concentration changes when subjects with different distributions of ventilation and lung diffusing capacity (Dl) respire in a small bag. The curve [loge CO concentration in the bag] versus [time] will sooner or later appear as a straight line. Dl is calculated from the slope of the rectilinear section of the curve and from lung and bag volume. If the curve becomes rectilinear within the period considered, Dl is calculated too low. In some cases the curve will not be rectilinear until more than 45 sec have passed, but will appear to be rectilinear during the period from 30 to 45 sec. If such an experiment is discontinued when 45 sec (the usual duration of experiment) have passed, Dl can be calculated at too high, at correct, or at too low values. nonuniform distribution of lung diffusing capacity Submitted on February 18, 1964

Results of syndactyly release using a modification of the Flatt technique

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 984-988 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Barabás ◽  
M. A. Pickford
Keyword(s):  
Graft Failure ◽  
Skin Grafts ◽  
Full Thickness ◽  
Full Thickness Skin ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Thickness Skin ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Web Space ◽  
The Web

The results of 144 congenital syndactyly releases over a 12-year period by a single surgeon using a modified Flatt technique (dorsal hourglass flap, interdigitating zigzag flaps, and full-thickness skin grafts) are analyzed considering the association of skin grafts and web creep. The mean follow-up was 5 years. There were seven cases of graft failure, only one of which developed web creep. Web creep occurred in 4.2% of web releases. The results suggest that avoiding longitudinal straight-line scars across the web space may be an important factor in avoiding web creep when performing the modified Flatt technique described.

scholarly journals Research of particle movement on cylinder outer surface during its progressive oscillations in horizontal planes

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
T. M. Volina ◽  
◽  
S. F. Pylypaka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Differential Equations ◽  
Relative Motion ◽  
Outer Surface ◽  
Horizontal Plane ◽  
External Surface ◽  
Relative Movement ◽  
Particle Movement ◽  
Angle Of Friction ◽  
Oscillatory Movement

The differential equations of relative movement of a particle on the external surface of the inclined cylinder which carries out oscillatory movement were received in the article. All points of the cylinder describe circles in horizontal planes. The equations were solved by numerical methods and the trajectories of the relative motion of the particle on the surface of the cylinder are constructed. Graphs of other kinematic characteristics as a function of time are given. Partial cases when the axis of the cylinder is located horizontally or at an angle of friction to the horizontal plane are considered.

scholarly journals Determination of the limiting angle of inclination of tubular belt conveyor

2020 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 00047
Author(s):  
Ruslan Kiriia ◽  
Andrii Smirnov ◽  
Tetiana Zhyhula ◽  
Todor Zhelyazov
Keyword(s):  
Internal Friction ◽  
Equilibrium State ◽  
Bulk Material ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Belt Conveyor ◽  
Angle Of Internal Friction ◽  
Angle Of Friction ◽  
Bulk Load ◽  
Belt Conveyors

Currently, the widespread use of tubular belt conveyors is constrained by insufficient justification of the conveyor parameters. In the work, on the basis of the theory of the limiting equilibrium state of bulk load, equations of equilibrium of load on the belt of an inclined tubular conveyor are obtained. It is assumed that the belt was a rigid cylinder filled with bulk material in extreme equilibrium. Based on the obtained equilibrium equation, the analytical dependences of the limiting angle of inclination of the belt conveyor with a tubular belt on the degree of unfilling with the bulk load of the belt and the properties of the bulk load are found. From the analysis of these dependencies it follows that the limiting angle of inclination of the tubular belt conveyor depends on the angle of internal friction of the transported load, the angle of friction of the load on the conveyor belt, the angle of unfilling of the belt with load and does not depend on the radius of the conveyor belt.

Velocity Connection Algorithm of Arbitrary Multi-Axis Linkage

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 12-23
Author(s):  
Fa Li Wang ◽  
Feng Ming Zhang ◽  
Lin Ge ◽  
Hui Ma
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Motion Control ◽  
Initial Velocity ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Stepper Motor ◽  
Final Velocity ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Movement Mechanism ◽  
Current Segment

In this paper, a velocity connection algorithm of arbitrary multi-axis linkage is presented with regard to the problem of velocity connection efficiency of multiple straight-line paths in the motion control system. For this algorithm, with the velocity, acceleration and displacement of the current segment and the previous segment as constraint conditions, the acceleration is not set as a constant but the intersegmental velocity variable is set independently. The initial velocity and final velocity of each segment is solved on this basis, improving the movement efficiency and simplifying the calculation. Therefore, this algorithm is particularly suitable for the high-speed movement mechanism driven by a stepper motor. As for the actual motion track of the rapid prototyping machine, a comparison was made between this algorithm and the traditional velocity connection algorithm to verify the effectiveness of this algorithm.

Organophosphorus pesticides stress deranged kinetic values of a few midgut carbohydrases of naiad of Trithemis aurora (burm.) (Odonata: Libellulidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (02) ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
Shekhar Chand
Keyword(s):  
Substrate Concentration ◽  
Initial Velocity ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Organophosphorus Pesticides ◽  
Enzymatic Reaction ◽  
Organophosphorus Pesticide ◽  
Enzymatic Reactions ◽  
Reaction Velocity ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Maximum Reaction

The 40 Hrs. treatment of last instar naiad of Trithemis aurora (Burm.) in Chlorphyriphos and Quinalphos pesticides concentrations (LC50 = 5.12 ×10-7 ppm and 7.6 × 10-8 ppm) has shown significant variations in the enzyme kinetic parameters and arrested the enzymatic activity in the midgut tissue of last instar naiad of T. aurora causing deleterious effect on various carbohydrases at standard temp. and pH value. The midgut amylase ( μ and β amylase) showed the change in the velocity of enzymatic reaction under LC50 conc. of chlorpyriphos. The data of initial velocity and substrate concentration were processed to achieve their reciprocal values. These values were plotted and a characteristic Lineweaver Burke straight line was observed from the graph and values of maximum reaction velocity (Vmax) and Michaelis Menten constants (km) were assessed. The present organophosphorus pesticide showed an inhibitory impact on midgut amylase reaction velocity. The double reciprocal plot of initial velocity and substrate concentration after exposing the enzyme under LC50 conc. of chlorphyriphos resulted in varied Vmax and Km. values. These carbohydrase on treatment with LC50 conc. of chlorphyriphos showed an inhibitory change in the reaction velocity. The 1/V and 1/S values were plotted to achieve a characteristic Lineweaver – Burke pattern of Vmax and km values obtained as 5.0 × 10-2 [M] and 2.0 under LC50 chlorphyriphos stress for α amylase. The km and Vmax values were obtained from 0.625 × 10-3 [M] to 1.25 × 10-2 [M] for various other midgut carbohydrases with Vmax value obtained from 0.28 to 5.0 under chlorpyriphos stress. The Quinalphos inhibited the enzymatic efficiencies of various carbohydrases severely and changed Km and Vmax values were found under the pesticidal stress and found as potent uncompetitive inhibitor for enzymes as values compared to the controlled enzymatic reactions by deranging the kinetic values. The Km values determined as on 1/V and 1/S basis found deranged from 1.66 × 10-3 [M] to 10 × 10-2 [M]. The Vmax values were found in a range of 0.41 to 3.3 under LC50 Quinalphos stress for midgut hydrolases. The analysis of enzymec kinetic values revealed the great inhibitory and deranged activities of various carbohydrases under both the pesticide constrain. The present toxicants were found to change the enzymatic velocity negatively. The LC50 concentrations of these toxicants were sufficient to inhibit the activity of present hydrolases as α and β amylase, α glucosidase, α galactosidase, β galactosidase, β frictosidase and α trehalase obtaining a meaningful Lineweaver – Burke line of plotted reciprocals of data of reaction velocity and substrate concentration.

scholarly journals Movement of a material particle on an inclined plane all the points of which describe circles in oscillatory motion in the same plane

2020 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-131
Author(s):  
S.F. Pylypaka ◽  
◽  
M.B. Klendii ◽  
V.I. Trokhaniak ◽  
A.S. Pastushenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oscillatory Motion ◽  
Inclined Plane ◽  
Material Particle

scholarly journals KINEMATICS OF THE ARTICULATED TRACTOR 4K4 AT AN UNSTABLE TURN

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kalinin ◽  
◽  
T. Balabay
Keyword(s):  
Relative Motion ◽  
Angular Rate ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Angular Speed ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Rational Combination ◽  
Turning Radius ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
Angle Of Rotation

Goal of the study is to analyze the movement of sections of an articulated tractor at an unsteady turning (with a variable turning radius). To achieve this goal, it is necessary to fulfill the following tasks: - analytically substantiate the formation of the kinematics of the sections of an articulated tractor in relative motion; - to analyze the position of the instantaneous centers of rotation of both the tractor as a whole and its sections separately, taking into account the turning radius and confirm the results of theoretical studies experimentally. Research methods. The methodological basis of the work is the generalization and analysis of well-known scientific results on the dynamics of a tracked tractor with an articulated frame, a rational combination of theoretical and experimental research and the use of a systematic approach. The results of the study. After analyzing the results obtained, and having plotted in the same plane the theoretical and experimental dependences of the turning radii of the centers of the axles of the KhTZ-242K.20 tractor, it can be argued that the theoretical and experimental dependences of the turning radii of the centers of the tractor axles coincide quite accurately. The turning radii for the straight-line movement of the tractor, provided that the angular rate of turn is not equal to zero, are not equal to infinity. When changing from a straight-line tractor movement to a curvilinear one, the turning radii of the sections will vary widely depending on the angular speed. Conclusions. During theoretical and experimental studies, it was found that when an articulated tractor turns in relative motion, the sections move towards each other. When moving with a variable turning radius, each section moves around its instantaneous center of rotation. The position of the instantaneous centers of rotation depends on the value of the angle of rotation of the sections relative to each other, the rate of change of the angle of rotation, the speed of the portable movement of the tractor and the lateral slip angles of the axle wheels.

scholarly journals Note on an Equation of Motion

1890 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 91-92
Author(s):  
A. J. Pressland
Keyword(s):  
Relative Motion ◽  
Equation Of Motion ◽  
Third Body ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Two Bodies

It can be shown by means of relative motion that if two bodies A and B move with velocities u and v in the same straight line, and a third body C move with velocity u + v also in the same straight line, the space passed over by C is equal to the sum of the spaces passed over by A and by B in the same time.

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