Assessment of Knoweledge and Reasons towards Substance Abuse among Community in Kebele 08, Harar Town, Eastern Ethiopia

Background: Substance abuse is self-administration of drugs for non-medical reasons, in quantities and frequencies which may impair an individual’s ability to function effectively and which may result in social, physical and emotional problems. Substance abuse is becoming a serious ongoing public health problem; it affects almost every community and family in some way. The common substances abused in most African countries including Ethiopia are alcohol, chat and tobacco Objective:To assess Knewledge, attitude and practice toward substance abuse abuse among the community of kebele 08 community, ShenkorWereda, Harar town, Eastern Ethiopia from December 10, 2020 – February 1, 2021. Methodology: Community based cross-sectional study using a pre-tested structured self-administered questionnaire was conducted from December10, 2020 to February 01, 2021.Simple random sampling technique was used to select 379 respondents from kebele 08, Shenkorworede, Harar town, Eastern Ethiopia residents. The data collection was done using a self-administered structured questionnaire and the data was entered and analyzed by using statistical package for social science version 24. The result is presented in tables and figures. Result: In this study 379 respondents were included. The 206 (54.4%) of the respondents were abused to drinking alcohol, while 61.5%, 32.7% and 13.7% of the respondents were abused to chewing khat, smoking cigarettes and hashish respectively.The 201(53%), 55 (14.5%), 48 (12.7%),30(7.9%),32(8.4%) of participants responded that smoking causes heart attack, diabetic ulcer, impotency, bladder cancer and poor wound healing respectively. The health risks of khat chewing reported by the participants were constipation 58(24.1%), loss of appetite 34(14.1%), gastritis 33(13.7%) and teeth problem 22(9.1%) respectively.In the current study age [AOR=19, 95% CI: 2.46-19.46] and educational status [AOR=43.19, 95%CI: 8.42-187.84] are associated with knowledge about substance abuse. Conclusion and Recommendation: Despite high level of knowledge regarding substance abuse, the prevalence of substance abuse among community remains high.

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Availability of Adequately Iodized Salt at Household Level and Associated Factors in Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia

International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) ◽

10.11591/.v5i4.4841 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 392

Author(s):

Anteneh Berhane Yaye ◽

Negga Baraki ◽

Birhanu Seyum Endale

Keyword(s):

Iodine Deficiency ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Iodized Salt ◽

School Age Children ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Eastern Ethiopia ◽

Household Level ◽

Dire Dawa

In Ethiopia, Iodine Deficiency Disorder has been recognized as a serious public health problem for the past six decades. In 2011, an estimated <br /> 12 million school-age children were living with inadequate iodine, and <br /> 66 million people were at risk of iodine deficiency. One out of every <br /> 1000 people is a cretin mentally handicapped, due to a congenital thyroid deficiency, and about 50000 prenatal deaths are occurring annually due to iodine deficiency disorders. Only 5.7% of the households were using iodized salt in Dire Dawa city Administration, which is below the legal requirement.This study assessed availability of adequately iodized salt at household level and associated factors in Dire Dawa town, East Ethiopia. Community based cross-sectional study was carried out among households in Dire Dawa town during March 16-26, 2015. Multistage sampling technique was used. Data were collected using a pretested and structured questionnaire by a face-to-face interview technique. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to check associations and control confounding. A total of 694 participants were participated. The availability of adequately iodized salt (≥15 parts per million) in the study area was 7.5% (95% CI; 5.6-9.5). Multivariate result showed that health information about iodized salt (AOR=8.96, 95% CI; 4.68-17.16) (p=0.03), good knowledge about iodized salt (AOR=9.23, 95% CI; 3.34-25.5) (p=0.01) and using packed salt (AOR=3.99, 95% CI; 1.48-10.73) (p=0.006) were associated with availability of adequately iodized salt at household level. Availability of adequately iodized salt at household level was very low. Hence, households should be sensitized about importance of iodized salt and its proper handling at the household level.

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Open Defecation Practices in Lodwar, Kenya: A Mixed-Methods Research

Environmental Health Insights ◽

10.1177/1178630219828370 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

pp. 117863021982837 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Phylis Jepkorir Busienei ◽

George Morara Ogendi ◽

Millicent A Mokua

Keyword(s):

Mixed Methods Research ◽

Common Factor ◽

Household Head ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

African Countries ◽

Open Defecation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Nomadic Pastoralism ◽

Cultural Aspects

Background: As of the year 2014, about 2.5 billion people globally lacked access to improved sanitation. The situation is even worse in the sub-Saharan African countries including Kenya. The practice of open defecation (OD) peaks beyond 72% of the population in Turkana County, Kenya, despite various interventions to end it. Methods: This article reports on both qualitative and quantitative aspects of a cross-sectional study. A partially mixed sequential dominant (quantitative) status was used to understand various socioeconomic factors associated with OD practice in Lodwar’s human settlements, Turkana County. Simple random sampling technique was chosen to select participants for this study with the sample drawn from various administrative units of Lodwar. Standardized questionnaires, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews were used to collect data. Results: The quantitative findings revealed that culture was the leading factor as to why people practiced OD with a frequency of 44%. The findings further revealed that poverty was the major influencing factor for latrine ownership among the households (frequency 27%). Pearson χ2 tests revealed that there was a significant association between latrine presence and education level of the household head (χ2 = 107.317; P < .05), latrine sharing (χ2 = 403; P < .05), and occupation of the household head (χ2 = 74.51; P < .05). The quantitative findings showed that culture was by far the most common factor that contributed to the OD practice with a theme intensity of 31.1%. Further analyses identified 5 major cultural aspects that were associated with OD practice. This included sexual immorality, OD as a common habit, nomadic pastoralism, bride’s dignity and mixing of feces. Open defecation as a common habit among the respondents was the most cited factor that contributed to its rampant practice (theme intensity 31.3%) followed closely by nomadic pastoralism kind of life among the residents that limit latrine construction (theme intensity 28.1%). Conclusions: In addition to cultural aspects, high poverty levels influence latrine adoption and consequently OD practices. Future sanitation interventions addressing OD should assess and factor in these cultural aspects in such communities to come up with appropriate eradication measures which have otherwise been difficult to solve through poverty eradication and sanitation campaigns that have been in existence.

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Magnitude of Home Delivery and Associated Factors Among Child Bearing Age Mothers in Sherkole District, Benishangul Gumuz Regional State-Western-Ethiopia

10.21203/rs.2.20837/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Resom Berhe Gebremariam ◽

Adane Nigusie

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Home Delivery ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Traditional Remedies ◽

Child Bearing

Abstract Background Globally, more than 536,000 maternal and 8 million perinatal deaths occur every year. Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey stated that maternal death was 412 per 100,000 in 2016.This still indicate that maternal health remains a major public health problem in Ethiopia irrespective of the government’s measure to institutional delivery.MethodsCommunity based cross sectional study was conducted among women aged 15-49 years in Sherkole district, Benishangul Gumuz region from January to Jun 2018. A total of 451 randomly selected women were included in the study. Stratified sampling followed by simple random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Data were collected using pretested and structured questionnaire. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with home delivery among women’s in the child bearing age. An adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was computed to determine the level of significance.Results The magnitude of home delivery was 353 (80%) and were assisted by non-skilled birth attendants. Mothers whose husband choose the place of delivery [AOR: 5.6, 95% CI (2.1-15.2), Mothers’ occupation ([AOR: 0.21 95% C I (0.08-0.57), ANC visit [AOR: 95 CI: 5.1(1.6-15.8), decision making [AOR: 95 CI: 0.3(0.01-0.7)] and traditional remedies [AOR: 95%CI: 0.03(0.01-0.09)] were significantly associated with home delivery.Conclusions Based on the findings of the survey, it was concluded that the overall magnitude of home delivery was found to be high. ANC visit, mother’s occupation, traditional remedies and decision making were significantly associated with home delivery.

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Magnitude of Home Delivery and Associated Factors Among Child Bearing Age Mothers in Sherkole District, Benishangul Gumuz Regional State-Western-Ethiopia

10.21203/rs.2.20837/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Resom Berhe Gebremariam ◽

Adane Nigusie

Keyword(s):

Public Health Problem ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Home Delivery ◽

World Health ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Child Bearing

Abstract Background: The World Health Organization estimates that globally only 43 percent of women have access to skilled care during deliveries and the rest are exposed to unskilled delivery service. A recent Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey report stated that maternal death was 412 per 100,000 in 2016.This still indicate that maternal health remains a major public health problem in Ethiopia irrespective of the government’s measure to institutional delivery.Methods: - A community based cross sectional study was conducted among women aged 15-49 years in Sherkole district, Benishangul Gumuz region from January to June 2018. A total of 451 randomly selected women were included in the study. Stratified sampling followed by simple random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Data were collected using pretested and structured questionnaires. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were fitted to identify factors associated with home delivery among women in the child bearing age. An adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was computed to determine the level of significance. Results: The magnitude of home delivery was 353 (80%) and were assisted by non-skilled birth attendants. Mothers whose husband choose the place of delivery [AOR: 5.6, 95% CI (2.1-15.2), Mothers’ occupation ([AOR: 0.21 95% C I (0.08-0.57), ANC visit [AOR: 95 CI: 5.1(1.6-15.8), decision making [AOR: 95 CI: 0.3(0.01-0.7)] and traditional remedies [AOR: 95%CI: 0.03(0.01-0.09)] were significantly associated with home delivery.Conclusions: Based on the findings of the survey, it was concluded that the overall magnitude of home delivery was found to be high. Therefore, it is recommended that promotion of antenatal care follow-up with maternal and child health information particularly on delivery complications or danger signs needs due attention and remedial actions.

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HUBUNGAN KEBIASAAN MEROKOK DENGAN PENYAKIT PERIODONTAL KARYAWANPT. FAMILY RAYA GURUN LAWEH LUBUK BEGALUNG PADANG

Andalas Dental Journal ◽

10.25077/adj.v1i2.19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 113-116

Author(s):

Hidayati Hidayati ◽

Haria Fitri

Keyword(s):

Periodontal Disease ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Health Department ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Annual Reports ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Public ◽

Relationship Of

Periodontal disease is one of the oral cavity diseases that has a high prevalence. Periodontal disease is often chronic and one of the public health problem. Data of the annual reports Padang Health Department in 2008, showed that periodontal disease is fourth highest in the community. Aim of this study is determine the relationship of smoking with periodontal disease the employees of PT. Family Raya Gurun Laweh Lubuk Begalung Padang. Design of this study is Cross Sectional Study. The research was conducted at Gurun Laweh Nan XX street, Lubuk Begalung district, Padang on 27 January to 6 February 2012. This population study is an employee of PT. Family Raya Gurun Laweh Lubuk Begalung Padang, the sample size is 70 peoples. Sampling technique used is Simple Random Sampling, data collection was done by a questionaire, and data processing and analysis by computer. The result showed that most (80 %) of respondents were smokers, and more than half of the respondents (61,4 % ) has a final stage of periodontal destructive disease. The result of the analysis showed that there is a significant relastionship between smoking habits with periodontal disease index (p=0,0001). In efforts to prevent periodontal disease, can be done by giving guidance to the public to abandon the habit of smoking to prevent the occurence of more severe periodontal disease.

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Examining the influence of illness perception and financial toxicity on the quality of life of prostate cancer patients

African Journal of Urology ◽

10.1186/s12301-021-00173-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Elizabeth O. Akin-Odanye ◽

Chidiebere N. Ogo ◽

Faoziyat A. Sulaiman ◽

Lawal Suleiman ◽

Motolani E. Ogunsanya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Prostate Cancer ◽

Illness Perception ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Financial Toxicity ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract Background Cancer of the prostate (CaP) is a public health problem that affects the male genitourinary system causing a significant threat to men’s quality of life (QoL). Experiencing financial constraints and poor illness perception may further compromise the QoL of men with CaP. Methods Aim: To examine the relationship between financial toxicity and illness perception with quality of life in men with CaP. The descriptive cross-sectional study used simple random sampling technique to recruit 173 men with CaP from four tertiary health facilities in Nigeria. Data were collected with the comprehensive score for financial toxicity (COST-FACIT), the brief illness perception questionnaire (Brief IPQ) and the functional assessment of cancer therapy-prostate (FACT-P). Analysis of data was carried out using analysis of variance, correlation and hierarchical regression analyses. Results The 173 participants had an average age of 71.57 ± 11.18, and 53.18% had one comorbid disease. Significant difference was found in overall QoL based on treatment site and number of comorbid diseases (P < 0.01). QoL had a significant inverse relationship with all the illness perception variables and a significant linear relationship with lower financial toxicity (P < 0.01). Furthermore, financial toxicity (P < 0.05) and four illness perception variables: consequences, identity, concern and illness understanding (P < 0.01), had significant individual influences on QoL of men with CaP. Conclusions Quality of life in men with CaP may be improved through mitigating the financial toxicity associated with accessing care and providing appropriate counseling about the illness and what to expect following prostate cancer diagnosis and during treatment.

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DETERMINATION OF THE FACTORS THAT AFFECT MOTHERS’ ATTITUDE TOWARDS IMMUNIZATION IN THE SOUTH-SOUTH REGION OF NIGERIA

Open Journal of Medical Research (ISSN: 2734-2093) ◽

10.52417/ojmr.v2i2.233 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 67-74

Author(s):

D. Brotobor ◽

I. Nwadike ◽

O. I. Edeawe ◽

O. C. Izekor ◽

J. Olowogboye

Keyword(s):

Random Sampling ◽

Positive Attitude ◽

Immunization Coverage ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Educational Status ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Edo State ◽

Knowledge And Attitude ◽

Full Immunization

Vaccination demand and acceptance depends on several factors that are quite broad and complex. The knowledge and attitude of a mother to childhood immunization play a key role in immunization coverage. Low immunization coverage in Nigeria is mostly attributed to poor knowledge, compliance, accessibility and inappropriate attitude among other factors. Poor compliance with full immunization is believed to be the most significant reason for low immunization coverage in the country due to socio-cultural obstacles to the acceptance of immunization. Aim: This study aims to assess the factors that determine the attitude of mothers towards immunization. Methodology: A hundred (100) mothers were recruited into this cross-sectional descriptive study using a simple random sampling technique. Data collection was performed by using a structured questionnaire. This study was carried out in Ukpenu community in Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria. This study was carried out in the Ukpenu community in Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria. 100 mothers were recruited into the study using a simple random sampling technique. Result: The results showed that the respondents have a positive attitude towards immunization. This was evident in the immunization report. Their record revealed that most of their children were fully immunized. This is seen in their readiness to fully immunize their children against childhood vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs), their willingness to recommend full immunization of children to their friends, relatives and other women, and their readiness to purchase the vaccines if they are no longer available free of charge to ensure that their children are fully immunized. It was discovered that educational status plays a contributory role in the knowledge and attitude of mothers towards immunization. Conclusion: Maternal health education should be sustained to ensure continuous compliance and a positive attitude of mothers towards immunization.

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Practice towards pesticide handling, storage and its associated factors among farmers working in irrigations in Gondar town, Ethiopia, 2019

BMC Research Notes ◽

10.1186/s13104-019-4754-6 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Chalie Mequanint ◽

Betelihem Getachew ◽

Yonas Mindaye ◽

Dagnachew Eyachew Amare ◽

Tadesse Guadu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Elementary Education ◽

Informal Education ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Information Dissemination ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Educational Status ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Gondar Town ◽

And Storage

Abstract Objectives The main objective of this study was to assess pesticide handling and storage practice, and its associated factors among farmers engaged in irrigation in Gondar town, Ethiopia, 2019. Community-based cross-sectional study was used to assess pesticide handling and storage practice, and its associated factors among farmers. Simple random sampling technique was used to select study subjects. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect data. Data were entered using Epi Info 7.0 and exported to SPSS 20. Descriptive statistics were used for some variables. Univariate and multivariable binary logistic regression was used to test the factors associated with the outcome. Adjusted odd ratio (AOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) with P value less than 0.05 were used to report association. Results About 409 study subjects completed the semi-structured questionnaires. Among the studies subjects, 261 (63.8%) of them had poor pesticide handling and storage practice. Knowledge [AOR = 3.23 (95% CI 1.91, 5.46)], attitude [AOR = 1.77 (95% CI 1.11, 2.81) and educational status (informal education [AOR = 3.05 (95% CI 1.72, 5.42)], elementary education [AOR = 5.38 (95% CI 2.62, 11.06)], secondary education [AOR = 9.51 (95% CI 4.24, 21.32)] and certificate and above [AOR = 6.00 (95% CI 1.58, 22.78)]) were factors significantly associated with pesticide handling and storage practice. To improve the pesticide handling and storage practice, it is imperative to enhance the level of the farmer’s knowledge through training, and information dissemination in workshops.

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Magnitude of Home Delivery and Associated Factors Among Child Bearing Age Mothers in Sherkole District, Benishangul Gumuz Regional State-Western-Ethiopia.

10.21203/rs.2.20837/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Resom Berhe Gebremariam ◽

Adane Nigusie

Keyword(s):

Associated Factors ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Home Delivery ◽

World Health ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Child Bearing ◽

Western Ethiopia

Abstract Background: The World Health Organization estimates that globally only 43 percent of women have access to skilled care during deliveries and the rest are exposed to unskilled delivery service. A recent Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey report stated that maternal death was 412 per 100,000 in 2016.This still indicates that maternal health remains a major public health problem in Ethiopia irrespective of the government’s measure to institutional delivery. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the magnitude of home delivery and associated factors among women of child bearing age in Sherkole district, Western Ethiopia.Methods: - A community based cross sectional study was conducted among women aged 15-49 years in Sherkole district, Benishangul Gumuz region from January to June 2018. A total of 451 randomly selected women were included in the study. Stratified sampling followed by simple random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Data were collected using pretested and structured questionnaires. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were fitted to identify factors associated with home delivery among women in the child bearing age. An adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was computed to determine the level of significance. Results: The magnitude of home delivery was 353 (80%) and were assisted by non-skilled birth attendants. Mothers whose husband chooses the place of delivery [AOR: 5.6, 95% CI (2.1-15.2), Mothers’ occupation ([AOR: 0.21 95% C I (0.08-0.57), ANC visit [AOR: 95 CI: 5.1(1.6-15.8), decision making [AOR: 95 CI: 0.3(0.01-0.7)] and traditional remedies [AOR: 95%CI: 0.03 (0.01-0.09)] were significantly associated with home delivery.Conclusions: Based on the findings of the survey, it was concluded that the overall magnitude of home delivery was found to be high. Therefore, it is recommended that the promotion of antenatal care follow-up with maternal and child health information particularly on delivery complications or danger signs needs due attention and remedial actions. In addition, it is empirical to study the need and the feasibility of introducing defaulter tracing mechanisms in ANC services, by learning from experiences of settings that have already adopted it.

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Magnitude of Depression and Associated Factors Among High and Preparatory Public School Teachers in Gondar Town, Northwest, Ethiopia 2020 .

10.21203/rs.3.rs-156518/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Amare Asmamaw ◽

Mesele Wondie ◽

Mengesha Birkie ◽

Wondale Getinet

Keyword(s):

Public School ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Public School Teachers ◽

School Teachers ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Gondar Town

Abstract Abstract Background: Depression is a significant preventable public health problem; which is highly prevalent and disabling worldwide. Despite depression is highly prevalent worldwide, it is limited in evidence that illustrates the prevalence of depression and factors associated with it among teachers in Ethiopia. Objective: To assess the magnitude and associated factors of depression among high and preparatory public-school teachers in Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2020. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among randomly selected 423 high and preparatory public-school teachers from February to March 2020 in Gondar town. A simple random sampling technique was applied to data collection. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Depression was declared at teachers with scores of 5 and above in

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