Validation of SAD PERSONS Scale in Thai Tertiary Context

Objective: To examine the validity of the SAD PERSONS scale (SPS) and item analysis in a Thai tertiary setting.Material and Methods: One hundred and twenty-six inpatients were recruited from a psychiatric ward. Patients were interviewed by a consultant psychiatrist and assessed a variety of suicide risk factors. The SPS was blindly performed by a psychiatric resident. The psychometric properties of SPS was executed by comparing the assessment results.Results: A cut-off point of SPS was at 2/3 in assessing current high suicide risk with the sensitivity 79.0% and specificity 35.0%. While the specificity of cut-off point 4/5 was greater than 90.0%, sensitivity was only 27.0%. Parameters that correlated the high risk of suicide were only depression and statement of future suicide intent.Conclusion: For the purpose of suicide prevention, a sensitivity of screening scale is essential. SPS failed to identify the majority of those requiring high intensity psychological intervention though it shows the high specificity of suicide risk. The instrument should not be applied to screen self-harm patients presenting to general hospitals.

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Efectos del programa CIPRES sobre el riesgo suicida en adolescentes

Revista de Psicopatología y Psicología Clínica ◽

10.5944/rppc.23667 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 83

Author(s):

Marly Johana Bahamón ◽

Yolima Alarcón-Vásquez ◽

Ana María Trejos-Herrera ◽

Stefano Vinaccia Alpi ◽

Andres Cabezas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Suicidal Ideation ◽

Suicide Risk ◽

Psychological Intervention ◽

Control Group ◽

Assessment Instruments ◽

Suicidal Risk ◽

Before And After ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Self Harm ◽

Experimental Group

Abstract: Effects of the CIPRES program on suicidal risk in adolescents. The objective of the study was to evaluate the specific changes generated by the CIPRES program on suicidal risk in adolescents. The sample comprised 106 adolescents aged between 13 and 18 years old (53 in the experimental group, 53 in the control group), of which 54.7% were women (n = 58). The study used a quasi-experimental design of repeated pretest-posttest measures with a control group. Two assessment instruments were administered before and after the program: The Scale of the Suicide Risk (ERS) and the Inventory of Positive and Negative Suicidal Ideation (PANSI). The pretest-posttest ANCOVAs showed that the program significantly reduced (p < .05) the scores of suicidal ideation, planning, self-harm, isolation/social support, lack of family support, and global suicide risk. In addition, it significantly increased positive ideation scores. The results support the relevance of this program to reduce suicidal risk in adolescents.Keywords: CIPRES; suicide risk; adolescents; psychological intervention; quasi-experiment.Resumen: El estudio tuvo por objetivo evaluar los cambios específicos generados por el programa CIPRES sobre el riesgo suicida en adolescentes. La muestra se configuró con 106 adolescentes entre los 13 y 18 años (53 experimentales, 53 controles), de los cuales el 54.7% eran mujeres (n = 58). El estudio utilizó un diseño cuasi-experimental de medidas repetidas pretest-postest con grupo de control. Se administraron dos instrumentos de evaluación antes y después de la aplicación del programa: la Escala de Riesgo Suicida (ERS) y el Inventario de Ideación Suicida Positiva y Negativa (PANSI). Los ANCOVAs pretest-postest evidenciaron que el programa redujo significativamente (p < .05) las puntuaciones en ideación suicida, planificación, autolesión, aislamiento/soporte social, falta de apoyo familiar, y riesgo suicida global. Además, aumentó significativamente las puntuaciones en ideación positiva. Los resultados apuntan a la relevancia de este programa para reducir el riesgo suicida en adolescentes.Palabras clave: CIPRES; riesgo de suicidio; adolescentes; intervención psicológica; cuasiexperimento.

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Environmental Risk Factors on Suicide of Children and Young People

International Journal for Population Data Science ◽

10.23889/ijpds.v3i4.903 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Ann John ◽

Marcos Del Pozo Banos ◽

Keith Lloyd

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Suicide Risk ◽

Conditional Logistic Regression ◽

World Health ◽

Health Issues ◽

Number Of Factors ◽

Self Harm ◽

Suicide Risk Factors ◽

Health Organization

IntroductionThe World Health Organization recognizes suicide as a public health priority. Recent studies have focused on health care contacts for those who complete suicide to highlight opportunities for intervention. In Wales, electronic health records (EHR) are routinely collected, providing an invaluable opportunity for researching suicide risk factors. Objectives and ApproachWe aim at linking primary and secondary EHRs to identify suicide risk factors for those between 10 and 24 years of age. We linked 7 different demographic and health datasets from the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage Databank UK, and identified a total of 471 cases between 2001 and 2015, 10 matched controls of same gender and age (±1 year), as well as cases’ and controls’ mothers. We measured a number of factors from primary and secondary care including self-harm, mental health issues and drugs and alcohol misuse. We used conditional logistic regression to conduct our analyses. ResultsPreliminary results suggest that environmental factors extracted from cohabitants and mothers have a statistically significant effect even after adjusting for deprivation. Self-harm, possible maltreatment and alcohol and drugs misuse seem to be strongest factors of those studied. Factors related to mental health have smaller and more complex effects when adjusting for deprivation. Conclusion/ImplicationsOur preliminary analysis indicate that EHR can be linked to study the effect of the environment on suicide risk. Once completed, we hope this study will help to identify other suicide risk factors, improve our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying suicide and help to identify opportunities for intervention and improve care.

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Suicide Risk on Twitter

International Journal of Knowledge Discovery in Bioinformatics ◽

10.4018/ijkdb.2018070101 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 1-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Samah Jamal Fodeh ◽

Edwin D. Boudreaux ◽

Rixin Wang ◽

Dennis Silva ◽

Robert Bossarte ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Social Media ◽

High Risk ◽

Suicide Risk ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Language Patterns ◽

Self Harm ◽

Suicide Risk Factors ◽

Twitter Users ◽

Use Of Social Media

While many studies have explored the use of social media and behavioral changes of individuals, few examined the utility of using social media for suicide detection and prevention. The study by Jashinsky et al. identified specific language patterns associated with a set of twelve suicide risk factors. The authors extended these methods to assess the significance of the language used on Twitter for suicide detection. This article quantifies the use of Twitter to express suicide related language, and its potential to detect users at high risk of suicide. The authors searched Twitter for tweets indicative of 12 suicide risk factors. This paper divided Twitter users into two groups: “high risk” and “at risk” based on two of the risk factors (“self-harm” and “prior suicide attempts”) and examined language patterns by computing co-occurrences of terms in tweets which helped identify relationships between suicide risk factors in both groups.

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Self-harm

Oxford Textbook of Medicine ◽

10.1093/med/9780198746690.003.0622 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 6457-6460

Author(s):

Kate E.A. Saunders ◽

Keith Hawton

Keyword(s):

Mood Disorder ◽

Psychiatric Disorders ◽

Emotional Disturbance ◽

Suicide Risk ◽

Psychological Intervention ◽

Hospital Emergency ◽

Psychiatric Assessment ◽

Self Harm ◽

Hospital Emergency Departments ◽

Careful Assessment

Self-harm is one of the commonest reasons people present to hospital emergency departments and the most frequent form of self-harm is overdose. Most patients who self-harm have an emotional disturbance, commonly an adjustment or mood disorder, often in a context of situational or relationship stresses, and personality difficulties. Some have more severe psychiatric disorders. Intoxication with alcohol is common. All patients presenting with self-harm require both a medical and a psychiatric assessment. The latter should include an assessment of problems, needs and suicide risk. Children require particularly careful assessment. In assessing suicide risk, it should be noted that the medical dangerousness of the act does not necessarily reflect the intent, and that repeat self-harm greatly increases the risk of eventual suicide. Psychiatric management depends on the patient's problems and diagnosis. There is some evidence that brief psychological intervention can decrease the risk of repeat self-harm.

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Prediction of Repeated Self-Harm in Six Months: Comparison of Traditional Psychometrics With Random Forest Algorithm

OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying ◽

10.1177/00302228211060596 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 003022282110605

Author(s):

Shu-Chin Chen ◽

Hui-Chun Huang ◽

Shen-Ing Liu ◽

Sue-Huei Chen

Keyword(s):

Random Forest ◽

Suicide Risk ◽

Predictive Ability ◽

Random Forest Algorithm ◽

The Past ◽

Self Harm ◽

Two Phases ◽

Screening Scale ◽

Potential Tool

Suicidal risk has been a significant mental health problem. However, the predictive ability for repeated self-harm (SH) has not improved over the past decades. This study thus aimed to explore a potential tool with theoretical accommodation and clinical application by employing traditional logistic regression (LR) and newly developed machine learning, random forest algorithm (RF). Starting with 89 items from six commonly used scales (i.e., proximal suicide risk factors) as preliminary predictors, both LR and RF resulted in a better solution with much fewer items in two phases of item selections and analyses, with prediction accuracy 88.6% and 79.8%, respectively. A combination with 12 selected items, named LR-12, well predicted repeated self-harm in 6-month follow-up with satisfactory performance (AUC = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.76–0.92; cut-off point by 1/2 with sensitivity 81.1% and specificity 74.0%). The psychometrically appealing LR-12 could be used as a screening scale for suicide risk assessment.

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