Suicide Risk on Twitter

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samah Jamal Fodeh ◽  
Edwin D. Boudreaux ◽  
Rixin Wang ◽  
Dennis Silva ◽  
Robert Bossarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Media ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Language Patterns ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Suicide Risk Factors ◽  
Twitter Users ◽  
Use Of Social Media

While many studies have explored the use of social media and behavioral changes of individuals, few examined the utility of using social media for suicide detection and prevention. The study by Jashinsky et al. identified specific language patterns associated with a set of twelve suicide risk factors. The authors extended these methods to assess the significance of the language used on Twitter for suicide detection. This article quantifies the use of Twitter to express suicide related language, and its potential to detect users at high risk of suicide. The authors searched Twitter for tweets indicative of 12 suicide risk factors. This paper divided Twitter users into two groups: “high risk” and “at risk” based on two of the risk factors (“self-harm” and “prior suicide attempts”) and examined language patterns by computing co-occurrences of terms in tweets which helped identify relationships between suicide risk factors in both groups.

scholarly journals Prevention of Suicidal Behavior in Prisons

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 323-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Marzano ◽  
Keith Hawton ◽  
Adrienne Rivlin ◽  
E. Naomi Smith ◽  
Mary Piper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Specific Factors

Abstract. Background: Worldwide, prisoners are at high risk of suicide. Research on near-lethal suicide attempts can provide important insights into risk and protective factors, and inform suicide prevention initiatives in prison. Aims: To synthesize findings of research on near-lethal attempts in prisons, and consider their implications for suicide prevention policies and practice, in the context of other research in custody and other settings. Method: We searched two bibliographic indexes for studies in any language on near-lethal and severe self-harm in prisoners, supplemented by targeted searches over the period 2000–2014. We extracted information on risk factors descriptively. Data were not meta-analyzed owing to heterogeneity of samples and methods. Results: We identified eight studies reporting associations between prisoner near-lethal attempts and specific factors. The latter included historical, prison-related, and clinical factors, including psychiatric morbidity and comorbidity, trauma, social isolation, and bullying. These factors were also identified as important in prisoners' own accounts of what may have contributed to their attempts (presented in four studies). Conclusion: Factors associated with prisoners' severe suicide attempts include a range of potentially modifiable clinical, psychosocial, and environmental factors. We make recommendations to address these factors in order to improve detection, management, and prevention of suicide risk in prisoners.

scholarly journals Do risk factors for suicidal behavior differ by affective disorder polarity?

2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 763-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Fiedorowicz ◽  
A. C. Leon ◽  
M. B. Keller ◽  
D. A. Solomon ◽  
J. P. Rice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Active Substance ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Suicide Risk Factors

BackgroundSuicide is a leading cause of death and has been strongly associated with affective disorders. The influence of affective disorder polarity on subsequent suicide attempts or completions and any differential effect of suicide risk factors by polarity were assessed in a prospective cohort.MethodParticipants with major affective disorders in the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Collaborative Depression Study (CDS) were followed prospectively for up to 25 years. A total of 909 participants meeting prospective diagnostic criteria for major depressive and bipolar disorders were followed through 4204 mood cycles. Suicidal behavior was defined as suicide attempts or completions. Mixed-effects, grouped-time survival analysis assessed risk of suicidal behavior and differential effects of risk factors for suicidal behavior by polarity. In addition to polarity, the main effects of age, gender, hopelessness, married status, prior suicide attempts and active substance abuse were modeled, with mood cycle as the unit of analysis.ResultsAfter controlling for age of onset, there were no differences in prior suicide attempts by polarity although bipolar participants had more prior severe attempts. During follow-up, 40 cycles ended in suicide and 384 cycles contained at least one suicide attempt. Age, hopelessness and active substance abuse but not polarity predicted suicidal behavior. The effects of risk factors did not differ by polarity.ConclusionsBipolarity does not independently influence risk of suicidal behavior or alter the influence of well-established suicide risk factors within affective disorders. Suicide risk assessment strategies may continue to appraise these common risk factors without regard to mood polarity.

Suicide Risk Factors: A Language Analysis Approach in Social Media

2021 ◽  
pp. 0261927X2110361
Author(s):  
Gerardo Sierra ◽  
Patricia Andrade-Palos ◽  
Gemma Bel-Enguix ◽  
Alejandro Osornio-Arteaga ◽  
Adriana Cabrera-Mora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Mexican Culture ◽  
Language Analysis ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Suicide Risk Factors ◽  
The Difference

Suicide represents a public health issue that requires new preventive strategies. Therefore, this study analyzes differences in language use between a themed posts group (suicide and depression) and a random posts group (non-specific topics) from different social media platforms. In addition, the similarity of the texts of themed posts group with the set of phrases linked to suicide risk factors is analyzed. Texts were processed using the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) software. A 95% bootstrap confidence interval (CI) was built for the difference in means for the resulting values per word category across groups. Significant differences in the use of language were observed between the themed post group and the random post group, whereas no differences were found between the themed post group and the set of phrases linked to suicide risk factors. These results can contribute to the development of risk-detection tools, which identify users at risk based on the analysis of language use embedded in social media. Such opportune detection would significantly increase the suicide prevention work. However, there is still a latent need for doing more research in this field, especially for the Mexican culture.

scholarly journals Environmental Risk Factors on Suicide of Children and Young People

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann John ◽  
Marcos Del Pozo Banos ◽  
Keith Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Suicide Risk Factors ◽  
Health Organization

IntroductionThe World Health Organization recognizes suicide as a public health priority. Recent studies have focused on health care contacts for those who complete suicide to highlight opportunities for intervention. In Wales, electronic health records (EHR) are routinely collected, providing an invaluable opportunity for researching suicide risk factors. Objectives and ApproachWe aim at linking primary and secondary EHRs to identify suicide risk factors for those between 10 and 24 years of age. We linked 7 different demographic and health datasets from the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage Databank UK, and identified a total of 471 cases between 2001 and 2015, 10 matched controls of same gender and age (±1 year), as well as cases’ and controls’ mothers. We measured a number of factors from primary and secondary care including self-harm, mental health issues and drugs and alcohol misuse. We used conditional logistic regression to conduct our analyses. ResultsPreliminary results suggest that environmental factors extracted from cohabitants and mothers have a statistically significant effect even after adjusting for deprivation. Self-harm, possible maltreatment and alcohol and drugs misuse seem to be strongest factors of those studied. Factors related to mental health have smaller and more complex effects when adjusting for deprivation. Conclusion/ImplicationsOur preliminary analysis indicate that EHR can be linked to study the effect of the environment on suicide risk. Once completed, we hope this study will help to identify other suicide risk factors, improve our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying suicide and help to identify opportunities for intervention and improve care.

Tracking Suicide Risk Factors Through Twitter in the US

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jared Jashinsky ◽  
Scott H. Burton ◽  
Carl L. Hanson ◽  
Josh West ◽  
Christophe Giraud-Carrier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
The United States ◽  
Actual State ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Keywords And Phrases ◽  
Suicide Risk Factors

Background: Suicide is a leading cause of death in the United States. Social media such as Twitter is an emerging surveillance tool that may assist researchers in tracking suicide risk factors in real time. Aims: To identify suicide-related risk factors through Twitter conversations by matching on geographic suicide rates from vital statistics data. Method: At-risk tweets were filtered from the Twitter stream using keywords and phrases created from suicide risk factors. Tweets were grouped by state and departures from expectation were calculated. The values for suicide tweeters were compared against national data of actual suicide rates from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Results: A total of 1,659,274 tweets were analyzed over a 3-month period with 37,717 identified as at-risk for suicide. Midwestern and western states had a higher proportion of suicide-related tweeters than expected, while the reverse was true for southern and eastern states. A strong correlation was observed between state Twitter-derived data and actual state age-adjusted suicide data. Conclusion: Twitter may be a viable tool for real-time monitoring of suicide risk factors on a large scale. This study demonstrates that individuals who are at risk for suicide may be detected through social media.

Comparing Suicide Risk Factors Among Individuals with a History of Aborted, Interrupted, and Actual Suicide Attempts

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (sup1) ◽  
pp. 57-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan L. Rogers ◽  
Melanie A. Hom ◽  
Sean P. Dougherty ◽  
Austin J. Gallyer ◽  
Thomas E. Joiner
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Actual Suicide ◽  
Suicide Risk Factors

scholarly journals Reflecting on suicide: lessons from my time at Harvard

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-50
Author(s):  
Mayowa Oyesanya
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Harvard University ◽  
Implicit Association ◽  
American University ◽  
University Professor ◽  
Suicide Risk Factors ◽  
Better Than

More than a year ago I was sat in my room watching an American university professor demonstrating a computerised test on a tablet to one of his interns. His name was Matthew Nock and he was a professor of psychology at Harvard University and a world expert on suicide research. The computerised test was and still is called the Suicide Implicit Association Test (S-IAT) and Professor Nock hoped he was on the brink of a breakthrough in suicide risk prediction research. I was sceptical. How could a brief computerised test predict future suicide attempts better than already known suicide risk factors and the expert opinion of a psychiatrist? It was at this moment that I was convinced that I would have to spend some time in Professor Nock's lab at Harvard in order to get the inside story.

Exposure to suicidal behaviors: A common suicide risk factor or a personal negative life event?

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith M Harris ◽  
Silvana Bettiol
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Latent Trait ◽  
Negative Life Event ◽  
Suicidal Behaviors ◽  
Life Event ◽  
Suicide Risk Factors

Background: Numerous suicide risk factors have been proposed but not adequately validated for epidemiology, treatment and prevention efforts. Aims: Exposures to suicidal behaviors (ESB), from family and friend suicide attempts and completions, were tested for validity as a suicidal risk factor and also for measurement and construct adequacy. Methods: An anonymous online survey yielded 713 participants (aged 18–71), who reported ESB, completed the Suicidal Affect-Behavior-Cognition Scale (SABCS), and comprised a broad spectrum on those variables. Results: Tests of dimensionality and internal consistency showed the four ESB variables (attempts/completions through family/friends) were independent and did not form a common factor or an identifiable ESB latent trait. ESB variables were, however, associated with demographic and psychiatric histories. A battery of tests revealed no meaningful associations between ESB and total suicidality or suicide risk factors (social support, depression, anxiety, stress, satisfaction with life and emotional stability). In addition, in contrast to previous reports, young adults ( n = 200; aged 18–20) showed no increased suicidality due to ESB. Conclusion: Results showed no validity for ESB as a common risk factor for suicidality or other psychopathology, or as a latent trait. ESB showed evidence as a personal negative life event with individual effects and interpretations.

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