Herpetofauna of the Maninjau caldera, West Sumatra, Indonesia, with special account to geckos

2021 ◽  
Vol 325 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-446
Author(s):  
K.D. Milto ◽  
O.S. Bezman-Moseyko
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Continuous Distribution ◽  
The West ◽  
Generalist Species ◽  
The North ◽  
Broad Leaved Forest ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Typical Habitat

The field surveys were conducted in the Maninjau Lake region, Sumatera Barat, Indonesia, in February 2020, mainly on the north-eastern slope of the Maninjau caldera at 450–600 m a.s.l. The slopes of the Maninjau caldera are naturally covered by a tropical rainforest that remains quite undisturbed from an altitude of 900 m up to the crater ridge. Natural vegetation of the northern and eastern slopes at altitudes from 450 and 500 to 600 m a.s.l. is replaced by rice plantations or mixed forest gardens. The typical habitat consisted of an evergreen broad-leaved forest on the slopes along a mountain creek and around a waterfall. Herein, we report 11 new species records for the Maninjau caldera; 9 new species records for Agam Regency; 3 new species records for Sumatra and Indonesia and 1 species of Cnemaspis Strauch, 1887 new for science. The morphology of rare and poorly known species of the bent toed gecko, Cyrtodactylus agamensis (Bleeker, 1860) is described for the first time. A high diversity of Cyrtodactylus Gray, 1827 occurs in Indochina and on the Thai-Malay Peninsula (150 species) but only six species in Sumatra. The Malay-Indochinese genus Cnemaspis has a recent spurt of diversity and now reaches eight species in Sumatra and only one species reaches Java. Current gecko diversity in Sumatra comprises 29 species in eight genera. The level of endemism level in geckos is very high and reaches 48%. The herpetofauna of Maninjau Caldera includes 26 amphibian and 46 reptile species. The faunistic core of the West Sumatran herpetofauna consists of Malay-Sundaic, Sumatran endemic, Sunda-Indochinese and widely distributed Oriental elements. The West Sumatran herpetofauna is characterized by the presence of a mutual species with Indochina, Malaysia, east India, Myanmar, the Andaman and Nicobar islands and Sri Lanka, often with disjunction in the huge territory of Indochina; species with continuous distribution from the Indian subcontinent to Papua and Oceania; and generalist species with wide pan-Indopacific distribution.

Graphis and Allographa (lichenized Ascomycota: Graphidaceae) in Sri Lanka, with six new species and a biogeographical comparison investigating a potential signature of the ‘biotic ferry’ species interchange

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 515-559
Author(s):  
Gothamie WEERAKOON ◽  
André APTROOT ◽  
Robert LÜCKING ◽  
Omal ARACHCHIGE ◽  
Siril WIJESUNDARA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Alternative Explanation ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Long Distance Dispersal ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
The North ◽  
First Time

AbstractWe provide an updated survey for Sri Lanka of species of Graphis sensu Staiger, recently divided into Graphis s. str. and Allographa, including brief descriptions and a key to all 124 species currently known. Six new species are described: Allographa bambusicola Weerakoon, Lücking & Aptroot, a bambusicolous Allographa with entire labia, a laterally carbonized excipulum, 80–100 × 15–17 µm large, muriform ascospores and a rather thick, irregularly verrucose lateral thalline margin of the lirellae; A. weerasooriyana Weerakoon, Arachchige & Lücking, a corticolous Allographa resembling A. rustica Kremp. in overall anatomy and chemistry, but with a verrucose thalline margin of the lirellae and labia not distinctly raised above the thalline margin; Graphis flosculifera Weerakoon, Lücking & Aptroot, a corticolous Graphis resembling G. insulana but differing in the unique disposition of the lirellae and the slightly more elongate ascospores; G. rajapakshana Weerakoon, Lücking & Aptroot, a corticolous Graphis resembling G. desquamescens, including in ascospore size, but with lirellae with a distinct lateral thalline margin; G. rimosothallina Weerakoon, Lücking & Aptroot, a corticolous Graphis with a thick, uneven, rimose thallus and Fissurina-like lirellae, a completely carbonized excipulum and transversely 7-septate ascospores, 32–37 × 8–10 µm; and G. thunsinhalayensis Weerakoon, Arachchige & Lücking, a corticolous Graphis resembling G. subalbostriata but with smaller ascospores and lacking white lines between the striae of the labia. We also validate the name G. verrucoserpens Lücking. A total of 106 species are reported here for the first time from Sri Lanka. A biogeographical comparison with two other well-sampled countries (Costa Rica and Thailand) revealed a significantly higher similarity in species composition with Costa Rica than between Thailand and Costa Rica, suggesting a potential signature of the ‘biotic ferry’ hypothesis, that is the migration of lineages from Gondwana (partly corresponding to the modern Neotropics) via the north-eastwards drifting Indian subcontinent and subsequent interchange with Laurasia (partly corresponding to the modern eastern Paleotropics). However, the evolutionary timeline of the clades involved does not support this hypothesis and suggests an alternative explanation of geologically more recent mid- to long-distance dispersal.

scholarly journals Phylogeny and Biogeography of Branchipolynoe (Polynoidae, Phyllodocida, Aciculata, Annelida), with Descriptions of Five New Species from Methane Seeps and Hydrothermal Vents

Diversity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Lindgren ◽  
Avery S. Hatch ◽  
Stephané Hourdez ◽  
Charlotte A. Seid ◽  
Greg W. Rouse
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Methane Seeps ◽  
The West ◽  
West Pacific ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
The North ◽  
Nuclear Its

The four named species of Branchipolynoe all live symbiotically in mytilid mussels (Bathymodiolus) that occur at hydrothermal vents or methane seeps. Analyses using mitochondrial (COI and 16S) and nuclear (ITS) genes, as well as morphology, were conducted on a collection of Branchipolynoe from Pacific Costa Rican methane seeps and West Pacific hydrothermal vents. This revealed five new species of Branchipolynoe, and these are formally described. The new species from Costa Rica live in three species of Bathymodiolus mussels (also new) at depths ranging from 1000 to 1800 m. Branchipolynoe kajsae n. sp. and Branchipolynoe halliseyae n. sp. were found in all three undescribed Bathymodiolus species, while Branchipolynoe eliseae n. sp. was found in Bathymodiolus spp. 1 and 2, and Branchipolynoe meridae n. sp. was found in Bathymodiolus spp. 1 and 3. Hence, Bathymodiolus sp. 1 hosted all four of the new species, while the other two Bathymodiolus hosted three each. Most mussels contained only one specimen of Branchipolynoe; where there was more than one, these were often a female and smaller male of the same species. The newly discovered species from the West Pacific, Branchipolynoe tjiasmantoi n. sp., lives in unidentified Bathymodiolus at depths ranging from 674 to 2657 m from hydrothermal vents in the North Fiji (Fiji) and Lau Basins (Tonga) and also from New Zealand, Vanuatu, and the Manus Basin (Papua New Guinea). The phylogenetic and biogeographical implications of this diversity of Branchipolynoe are discussed.

The Relationship between Soil Moisture and Root Density under Different Types Phyllostachys edulis Forests in Northern Fujian

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 1090-1094
Author(s):  
Wei Yi Liu ◽  
Shao Hui Fan ◽  
Guang Lu Liu ◽  
Feng Ying Guan
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
The North ◽  
Broad Leaved Forest ◽  
Relationship Model ◽  
Routine Observation ◽  
The Relationship

The soil moisture of three typical P. edulis forests (P. edulis and Cunninghamia lanceolata mixed forest, P. edulis pure forest , P. edulis and broad-leaved tree mixed forest ) in the North of Fujian province were studied in comparison with C. lanceolata pure forest and evergreen broad-leaved forest. Based on the routine observation, characteristics of spatial and temporal change of soil water content were studied. According to the roots distribution which were analyzed on different forest stand, the Linear and relationship model were established about the soil water and roots distribution. Results showed that the forest stand roots density decreasing with increasing soil depth, roots density and spatial distribution of soil moisture are related closely.

Two new species and a new record of Spininola from China (Lepidoptera: Nolidae: Nolinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3547 (1) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
YAN-QING HU ◽  
MIN WANG ◽  
HUI-LIN HAN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
New Record ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
Small Genus

The small genus Spininola was recently erected by László, Ronkay & Witt (2010) with the type species Nola loxoscia Hampson, 1900. They tabulated six species in the genus, S. loxoscia (Hampson, 1900), S. vesiculalis (Eecke, 1926), S. trilinea (Marumo, 1923), S. denticulata (Moore, 1888), S. fuscibasalis (Hampson, 1896) and S. armata László, Ronkay & Witt, 2010 from Thailand. The genus is distributed in eastern Asia, from Nepal and Sri Lanka in the west, to Japan in the north and Sumatra in the south. In our surveys, two new species were found and are described herein, and S. loxoscia (Hampson, 1900) is recorded for the first time from China (Fig. 1).

The Rediscovery of Sphenomorphus malayanus Doria, 1888 (Squamata: Scincidae) from the Titiwangsa Mountain Range of Peninsular Malaysia and its re-description as S. senja sp. nov.

Zootaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3931 (1) ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. LEE GRISMER ◽  
EVAN S. H. QUAH
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Specimen ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
The South ◽  
Additional Specimen ◽  
The North ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Cameron Highlands

The discovery of an additional specimen of Sphenomorphus malayanus Doria, 1888 from Gunung Brinchang, Cameron Highlands, Pahang in Peninsular Malaysia reveals that it is not conspecific with the type specimen from Gunung Singgalan, West Sumatra, 600 km to the south. The new specimen and an additional specimen previously collected from Gunung Gerah, Perak, Peninsular Malaysia, 56 km to the north, are described here as the new species S. senja sp. nov. and differ from S. malayanus by having a larger SVL (60.0–65 mm versus 53 mm); a deeply recessed as opposed to a shallow tympanum; 72 or 73 versus 76 paravertebral scales; eight or nine superciliary scales as opposed to 10; and the posteriormost superciliary scale being large as opposed to small. Cameron Highlands is unique among other upland areas in Peninsular Malaysia in that it harbors an unprecedented number of closely related ecological equivalents living in close sympatry or syntopy. 

scholarly journals A new species of Synagoga (Crustacea, Thecostraca, Ascothoracida) parasitic in an antipatharian from Green Island, Taiwan, with notes on its morphology

ZooKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 876 ◽  
pp. 55-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A. Kolbasov ◽  
Alexandra S. Petrunina ◽  
Ming-Jay Ho ◽  
Benny K. K. Chan
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
The West ◽  
Single Sex ◽  
The North ◽  
North Part ◽  
New Form ◽  
Lattice Organs ◽  
Green Island ◽  
A New Species

A new ascothoracidan species has been discovered off Taiwan in the north part of the west Pacific at SCUBA depths. Twelve specimens including both sexes of the new species, described herein as Synagoga arabesquesp. nov., were collected from colonies of the antipatharian Myriopathes cf. japonica Brook, 1889. Three previously described species of Synagoga, morphologically the least specialized ascothoracidan genus, have been found as ectoparasites of antipatharians and an alcyonarian, whereas all other records of this genus have been based on specimens collected from the marine plankton. This is the second study of a new form of Synagoga to be based on more than a few mature specimens of a single sex or on a single juvenile. Furthermore, it is the second in which SEM has been used to document the fine-scale external morphology. The position of terminal pores in the anterior pairs of the lattice organs is different in Synagoga arabesquesp. nov. than those in S. grygieri Kolbasov & Newman, 2018 and S. millipalus Grygier & Ohtsuka, 1995. Species of Synagoga are small, host-specific predators or ectoparasites of antipatharians. This genus exhibits a major Tethyan reliction pattern.

scholarly journals Stratigraphy and hystricurid trilobites of the Christian Elv Formation (Lower Ordovician) of western North Greenland

1989 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
R.A Fortey ◽  
J.S Peel
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Ellesmere Island ◽  
The West ◽  
Early Ordovician ◽  
The North ◽  
Lower Ordovician ◽  
A New Species ◽  
North Greenland

The Christian Elv Formation (Early Ordovician) of Daugaard-Jensen Land, western North Greenland, is formally proposed and recognised from southern Hall Land, in the east, to western Ellesmere Island in the Canadian Arctic Islands, to the west. The formation in its type section includes a shallow water trilobite fauna suggesting a mid-Tremadoc age; conodonts indicate the Rossodus manitouensis Zone af the North American Midcontinent Realm. Two species af hystricurid trilobites are present, of which one, Hystricurus scrofulosus, is dcscribed as a new species. The distribution of Hystricurus followed the early Ordovician palaeo-equator and was not confined by palaeocontinental boundaries. Paraplethopeltis is considered to be a subgcnus af Hystricurus.

Eocene ostracodes from Hahajima Island of the Ogasawara (Bonin) Islands, northwestern Pacific, and their paleobiogeographic significance in the West Pacific

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuhiko Yamaguchi ◽  
Takahiro Kamiya
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Late Eocene ◽  
Northwestern Pacific ◽  
The West ◽  
Bonin Islands ◽  
Center Of Origin ◽  
West Pacific ◽  
The North ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Mariana Arc

During the Eocene, Hahajima Island of the Ogasawara (Bonin) Islands of the Izu-Mariana Arc in the North Pacific was located near the present-day position of western Pacific Micronesia. We identified 17 Eocene ostracode species from the island, of which are new species and likely endemic to this island or to the West Pacific. These new species are systematically described herein and include: Costa matsumarui n. sp., Cytherelloidea ogasawaraensis n. sp., Havanardia ujiiei n. sp., Jugosocythereis nishii n. sp., Neonesidea boninensis n. sp., Schizocythere antiquimicronesiana n. sp., and Uroleberis hahajimaensis n. sp. The Eocene ostracode fauna has a higher rate of endemism than does the modern Micronesian fauna and contains Tethyan genera. These findings contradict a hypothesis that the Pacific fauna had a higher endemism rate after the Paleogene. The findings support another hypothesis that some genera invaded the Pacific from Tethys during the Paleogene. They suggest that West Pacific species did not disperse to the periphery of the Indo-West Pacific region during the Middle–Late Eocene. The “center of origin” hypothesis cannot be applied to Middle–Late Eocene marine ostracode biogeography.

First record of Nassarius fuscus (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1848) from the west coast of India, with the description of its sister species Nassarius arewarensis n. sp. (Buccinoidea: Nassariidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-248
Author(s):  
Sayali Nerurkar ◽  
Gaurav G Shimpi ◽  
Deepak Apte
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
First Record ◽  
Intertidal Area ◽  
The West ◽  
As Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

ABSTRACT Nassarius Duméril, 1805 is the most diverse genus within the nassariid subfamily Nassariinae. Nonetheless, information on members of this genus from the Indian subcontinent, a major ecoregion of the western Indo-Pacific, is scarce. Here, we report Nassarius fuscus (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1848) for the first time from India and provide information on its morphology and ecology. This species has previously been recorded only from the central Indo-Pacific. We also describe a new species of Nassarius, N. arewarensis n. sp., which on the basis of our data is sister to N. fuscus. Both species were found within heterogeneous strands of mangroves in the shallow intertidal area of the Aare-Ware Creek, Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India. Morphological comparisons as well as species delimitation analyses using the universal cytochrome c oxidase subunit I barcode indicated that these species are distinct. The present study enhances our understanding of the species composition and the diversity of Nassarius in India.

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