scholarly journals THE PROBLEM OF STUDYING OF THE CHURCH ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN PLANNING ART OF ARTSAKH OF THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY AND THE BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY ON THE PAGES OF THE EASTERN ARMENIAN PERIODICAL PRESS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (8(72)) ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
M. Harutyunyan
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Church Architecture ◽  
Periodical Press ◽  
Cultural Centers ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Church

Our scientific research is dedicated to the study of the church architecture and urban art of Artsakh of the second half of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century which is based on valuable materials published in the pages of the periodical press of Eastern Armenian. The article shows with undeniable facts that along with other branches of the Armenian culture the architecture and urban planning art developed in Artsakh during the period. Many magnificent architectural monuments, public buildings, printing houses, schools and other cultural centers were built. Previously built architectural monuments continued their activities in that period as well, some of which were renovated in the second half of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century.  Among the historical and cultural values Dadivank (Khota Monastery or Charektar Monastery), the monastery of Amaras, the monastery of Gandzasar, the monastery of St. Hakoba, St. George Monastery (in the Khachen province), St. Yeghishe Monastery (in the Javanshir province), St. Ghondeants Monastery (Ghondik - desert, built in Varanda, near the village of Avetaranots), Gtich or Gtchavanq (in the Dizak province, near the village of Togh), Spitak Khach Monastery (in Dizak), Yerits Mankants Monastery, Inn Masants Monastery are known. And among the Armenian cultural centers are the Diocesan School of Shushi, the Realakan College, the Hripsimyan and Girls' Schools of Shushi, the Khandamiryan Theater Building, the Printing Houses of Metropolitan Baghdasar, Mirzajan Mahtesi Hakobyants, Bagrat Ter Sahakyan, Melkon Babajanyan, etc.. 

Anti-Semitism including the Holocaust

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Schuster
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
The 19Th Century

Anti-Semitism, a term coined in Europe at the end of the 19th century, is the hatred of Jews and Jewishness, the latter being perceived in widely varying and contradictory ways. By the early 20th century, Jewishness was associated negatively with capitalism as well as with Communism and an adherence to ancient, outmoded beliefs and keenness toward urban and modernist sensibilities. Purveyors of anti-Semitism drew caricatures of Jews to fit a variety of exclusionary agendas, casting blame on the minority group for upsetting Christian, nativist, and purist values in politics, nationalism, religion, or culture. Modernist artists who were prone to agree with arguments that foretold the decline of civilization drew on the figure of the Jew to embody a series of malaises, depicting Jews as unwanted, archetypal Others to Western cultural values.

scholarly journals HISTORICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL ASPECTS IN THE RENEWAL OF THE LANGUAGE OF CHURCH MONUMENTAL PAINTING IN FRANCE AT THE TURN OF THE 20th CENTURY ON THE EXAMPLE OF PAINTINGS BY MAURICE DENIS

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-21
Author(s):  
Nataliya D. Antropova
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Artistic Creativity ◽  
Mural Paintings ◽  
French Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
Religious Painting ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Church ◽  
Philosophical Nature

The study analyzes the historical and philosophical origins of the renewal in church monumental art in French culture at the turn of the 20th century. The crisis that broke out in the second half of the 19th century within the philosophical knowledge and classical religion and an attempt to rethink the evolution of Christianity entailed significant changes in artistic creativity devoted to the sacred theme. The author explores the topic based on the church mural paintings of the French painter Maurice Denis, who stood at the origins of the transformation of the language of religious painting and whose role is significant for the further history of European art. The relevance of the work lies in the fact that all previous studies on this topic were primarily art criticisms. They paid special attention to the analysis of the artistic language and pictorial and expressive means. At the same time, questions of historical and philosophical nature and their role in the formation of new European religious painting were analyzed to a much lesser extent.

scholarly journals From the Manorial Village to the Regional Center. The Economic Development of Barcs in the Period of Dualism

2021 ◽  
pp. 148-160
Author(s):  
Máté Szabó ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Flood Plain ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Regional Center ◽  
Drava River ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Village

At the very beginning of my essay I point out that what kind of natural and economical conditions Barcs have had in the 19th centuries. This is important becouse I had to place Barcs into this medium, which in the beginning of the 19th was a simple manorial village situated in the flood plain of the Drava. The Drava river had a great impact on the improvement of the village. This little manorial village by the end of the century became one of the determinative villages in the region of southern Transdanubia. I show why was the location of the village so importan at that time. As a vehicular interchange and with its warehouse capacity by the beginning of the 19th century it was significant too. There were five railway lines that are met in Barcs in the begining of the 20th century. So it was a significant vehicular intersection at that time. Furthermore after Kaposvár it was the second biggest industrial centre of the county. By this time it was famous about its wood and mill industries across Europe. Moreover it had a regional centre role at different types of food industries. I introduce to what kind of economical processies and infrastructural investments helped the large economical developement of the village. At the end of my essay I want to show the series of events

scholarly journals An Academic Review of Anton LaVey’s Satanic Philosophy

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Dr. Gabriel Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Cultural Movements ◽  
Academic Review ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Devil ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Way

Satan has been a changing character for the last 2500 years. For most of its history, the Devil was represented as God’s archenemy, the representation of absolute evil. By the 19th Century, this approach had begun to change with the Romantics, some of whom represented a more heroic character. In the mid-20th Century, in the mist of counter-cultural movements, the figure of Satan was once again apprehended by non-conformists. The most notorious of these was Anton LaVey, who founded the Church of Satan. This article reviews LaVey’s approach to the figure of Satan, some of the rituals and symbolisms associated with this movement, and the way LaVey used Satan as a way to represent his particular philosophical views. Key Words: Satanism, Anton Lavey, Church of Satan, Devil

scholarly journals Turkestan Diocese and Folk Orthodoxy: The Case of Life-Giving Spring

2020 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-76
Author(s):  
Daniel Scarborough ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Local People ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
Strict Control ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Church

Construction of the Church of the Icon of the Mother of God, “The Life-Giving Spring,” was completed in 2008. The church was built next to a small spring that has been venerated by the local population since the 19th century. A large number of coins from the 19th and 20th centuries were discovered in the bed of this spring. These coins serve as evidence that local people have venerated this spring throughout the imperial and Soviet periods. In the 19th century, the official Church imposed strict control over popular Orthodox traditions. Yet, at the beginning of the 20th century, the Turkestan Diocesan Committee decided to recognize the veneration of the spring. In the Soviet period, very little documentary evidence of this tradition was preserved, but this evidence suggests that popular Orthodox practices were far more widespread than commonly assumed.

G. W. M. Reynolds

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Humpherys
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Popular Literature ◽  
The United States ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Periodical Press ◽  
The 19Th Century

George William Macarthur Reynolds (b. 1814–d. 1879) was at his death labeled “the most popular writer of our time” by the Bookseller in its short obituary. This popularity rested on two achievements: first, the mammoth twelve-volume series of “mysteries” novels, The Mysteries of London (1846–1848) and The Mysteries of the Court of London (1848–1855), and, second, his involvement with Chartist politics, which led in 1850 to his founding and editing the radical Sunday newspaper Reynolds’s Newspaper, which lasted in some form until 1962. The Mysteries novels were also constantly in print in a variety of cheap formats for most of the 19th century. Reynolds was a controversial figure both among working-class radicals, who doubted his commitment, and among the middle-class literary establishment, which abhorred his popular sensationalist novels. Dickens was probably referring to him as the “draggled fringe on the Red Cap, Pander to the basest passions of the lowest natures—whose existence is a national reproach” in the opening number of Household Words in 1850. Sometime shortly after 1860, Reynolds essentially stopped writing and editing. But the influence of his mysteries series continued, especially in the United States, India, and other countries. His novels fell out of print in the early 20th century; he himself became relatively unknown among historians and literary critics. This neglect lasted until the second half of the 20th century, at which point a number of scholars began to analyze Reynolds’s importance in 19th-century popular literature, politics, and the periodical press, a development that gathered force in the first decade of the 21st century. There is now a G.W.M. Reynolds Society, available online.

scholarly journals Heute wie vor hundert Jahren: Laufkäfer sind die Hauptbeute des Grossen Mausohrs (Myotis myotis) | Today and a hundred years ago: Carabid beetles are the main prey of the greater mouse-eared bat (Myotis myotis)

2006 ◽  
Vol 157 (8) ◽  
pp. 339-347
Author(s):  
Claude E. Steck ◽  
René Güttinger
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Carabid Beetles ◽  
Central European ◽  
Main Prey ◽  
The Past ◽  
Myotis Myotis ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Church

The faeces of an extinct colony of the greater mouse-eared bat,(Myotis myotis), were found in the church of Tegerfelden (NWSwitzerland)). The faeces could be dated to the end of the 19th century (around 1880). This find provided us with a unique opportunity to study the diet of the greater mouse-eared bat,and to compare the past and current diet of this species. Today,central European greater mouse-eared bats mainly hunt in forests, and carabid beetles (Carabidae) are their most important category of prey. In this study, we investigated whether this specialisation is caused by the changes to the landscape that took place during the second half of the 20th century, or if this bat species already exhibited a similar specialisation in the 19th century (loss of biodiversity, especially in open landscapes).

scholarly journals Etymology and Historiography of the Ukrainian Headscarf as an Element of National Dress

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-264
Author(s):  
Olena Ivanenko
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
The North ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Village ◽  
The City ◽  
North Western

The purpose of the article is to find out the peculiarities of headscarves functioning in the late 19th – early 20th centuries as an element of women’s national dress, to identify general and specific characteristics of their manufacturing and methods of tying, to find out the etymology of the word "headscarf", to trace its relationship with the concept of "ubrus" and others similar in meaning. Research methodology. Using a comparative-historical method, we have explored the etymology of concepts related to Ukrainian women’s headwear. Using a historical-typological method, a cultural and art analysis of the study has been conducted. Scientific novelty. The etymology of significant concepts of Ukrainian headwear, namely "ubrus", "headscarf" and others, is thoroughly studied. Their characteristic features in different regions of Ukraine are noted. The methods of tying headscarves from the 19th to the early 20th century are analysed and presented, the characteristics of their production and distribution in the counties of Poltava province are marked. It is proved that in Poltava province at the end of the 19th century, there were two main ways of tying headscarves simultaneously: in the counties of the north-western part of the province, the method of tying a headscarf with a knot on the top of the head was common, and in the eastern part – with a knot on the neck. Conclusions. Everyday women’s headscarves were intended to cover, insulate and decorate the heads of married women. Patterned woven headscarves were distinguished by the local originality of the artistic solution. Festive headdresses of Ukrainian women differed in variety and elegance. Strict completeness is inherent in the forms of this integral part of the national costume as those that have been refining over many generations. At the end of the 19th century. the wimples, on which a lot of material was spent, were almost destroyed. Headwear of new shapes was becoming more practical, cheaper and lighter. "Starovytsky headscarves" give way to manufactured goods. At the beginning of the 20th century, headscarves became the most common headdress both in the city and in the village.

scholarly journals Regional Orthodox culture: Brotherhood of Saint Nicholas of Mirliki

2020 ◽  
pp. 134-139
Author(s):  
Natalia Petrovna Ledovskikh
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Holy Trinity ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Trinity

The author analyzes one of the brightest pages of the regional cultural heritage, the Brotherhood of Saint Nicholas based on archival documents and printed pre-revolutionary sources. The brotherhood was created at the end of the 19th century in Tuma, the village of Ryazan province, by the initiative of the clerics and the most active parishioners of the Holy Trinity Church. The main goal of the created organization was to attract people to the Trinity Church activities, to teach them to be socially active themselves, to solve pressing issues all together. The Brotherhood took care of low-income citizens, of charity development, provided financial support to start-up entrepreneurs, was engaged in educa-tion, special attention was paid to promoting a so-ber lifestyle. The key role in the work of the Brother-hood was played by Stefan Ostroumov, rector of the Church, a deputy of the IV State Duma from the Rya-zan region. The study presnts the analyses of his biography, published works, publications in periodi-cals.

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