scholarly journals SOPHIA AS A SYMBOLIC FORMULA OF THE EURASIAN COLLEGIALITY IN RUSSIAN RELIGIOUS PHILOSOPHY

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
E. Bilchenko
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Religious Philosophy ◽  
Structural Element ◽  
The West ◽  
Old Russian ◽  
The World ◽  
The Times ◽  
Symbolic Formula ◽  
Historical Origins ◽  
Signature Formula

The background of the article is connected with the correlation of the image-concept of Sophia as a symbol of the unity of the world in culture with the idea of Eurasianism as collegiality in Russian religious philosophy of the 19th-20th centuries. The purpose of the study is a comparative analysis of the signature formula «Sophia» in the author's receptions of collegiality in Russian religious and philosophical thought through the prism of the idea of Eurasianism as the archetype of the East Slavic Logos. The archetype of Eurasian collegiality as a structural element of world unity is traced from implicit historical origins in the Old Russian Middle Ages to the explication of this concept in the New Time. Research hypothesis - substantiation of the assumption that the Eurasian idea of collegiality as an idea of synthesis of the West and the East goes back in its cultural and historical roots to the archetype of Sophia and undergoes certain transformations from premodern through modern and postmodern to neo-modern, without losing its theoretical relevance and applied significance as a mechanism for integrating traditionalism, universalism and personalism. Research methods: dialectic method, structural and functional analysis, phenomenological description, hermeneutic interpretation, philosophical comparative studies, universal ethics of dialogue and semiotics of culture. The result of the research is a historical tracing of the evolution of sophiology from the times of Ancient Rus through the Age of Enlightenment to late modernity in the context of collegiality of Eurasianism, symbolically embodied in the image-concept of Sophia in Russian religious philosophy with the typology of its main features (messianism, providentialism, mystery, Westernism vs Slavophilism as a dialectical unity). Conclusions: interpretation of the concept of Eurasianism as a manifestation of the Russian religious and philosophical idea of collegiality, and the interpretation of idea of collegiality as a manifestation of the symbolic phenomenon of Sophia, which removes the contradictions of illusory dichotomies (universalism - particularism, modernism - traditionalism, theism - atheism, etc.) in favor of harmonious unity of the world of the West and the East on the civilizational, social, cultural and mental levels.

scholarly journals Historiographical traditions and modern imperatives for the restoration of global history

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
Global History ◽  
The West ◽  
The Past ◽  
Globalizing World ◽  
The World ◽  
The Times

This essay has been written to serve as a prolegomenon for a new journal in Global History. It opens with a brief depiction of the two major approaches to the field (through connexions and comparisons) and moves on to survey first European and then other historiographical traditions in writing ‘centric’ histories up to the times of the Imperial Meridian 1783–1825, when Europe’s geopolitical power over all other parts of the world became hegemonic. Thereafter, and for the past two centuries, all historiographical traditions converged either to celebrate or react to the rise of the ‘West’. The case for the restoration of Global History rests upon its potential to construct negotiable meta-narratives, based upon serious scholarship that will become cosmopolitan in outlook and meet the needs of our globalizing world.

Homer: A relational mnemohistory

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Erll
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Twentieth Century Literature ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The West ◽  
Memory Culture ◽  
European Heritage ◽  
The World ◽  
Century Literature

This article proposes to extend the prevalent short-term and presentist frameworks of research on transcultural memory and to consider its dynamics across long-term relational mnemohistories. After more than two and a half millennia, “Homer” and the Homeric epics still resonate in memory cultures across the world. But they are often erroneously cast as “European heritage” or “foundations of the West.” This is the result of what I call a tenacious “Homeric genea-logic.” Highlighting three moments in the relational mnemohistory of Homer, this article shows, first, that already during their emergence in the archaic age, the Homeric epics were relational objects; second, how during the Middle Ages Homer could arrive in Petrarch’s Italy only as a product of relational remembering between the Roman and the Byzantine empires; and third, how twentieth-century literature (Joyce, Walcott) developed conscious modes of mnemonic relationality connecting diverse cultural memories. Relationality thus emerges as a key term for a reflexive memory culture today, a tool to overcome exclusive memory logics (“Homer as the heritage of Europe”) while enabling the articulation of meaningful long-term transcultural memories (“Homer as relational heritage in Europe”).

Russia-West: Civilizational War

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Багдасарян ◽  
Vardan Bagdasaryan
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
The State ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Western World ◽  
The West ◽  
Valuable Alternative ◽  
The World ◽  
Deep Sources ◽  
World Development

Relevance of the presented book determined by escalation of international tension in the modern world, strain of relations of Russia on the block of the western states. To Identify the reasons and deep sources of this conflict – a task which is put and solved in the monograph "Russia – the West: civilization war". The author shows the historical reproducibility of the Russian-western opposition which is standing out through the entire periods of history from the Middle Ages till our time. The conflict relations with the Western world reveal in the book through the category of "civilization war". In the monograph it is shown the fundamental differences in the civilizational values of the West and Russia why the agenda of world development offered by them led objectively to the conflict differed. The content of the western global historical project and the Russian valuable alternative are considered. The book can have practical interest for the state managers, and also for all who think of the due strategy of Russia, of its positioning in the world.

scholarly journals The philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche: Nikolai Berdyaev’s reception and interpretation

2021 ◽  
pp. 166-178
Author(s):  
Andrey V. Shumskoy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Friedrich Nietzsche ◽  
Russian Philosophy ◽  
Religious Philosophy ◽  
The West ◽  
Will To Power ◽  
Christian Anthropology ◽  
The World ◽  
German Philosopher ◽  
The Will ◽  
The One

The article deals with the problem of Nikolai Berdyaev’s reception and interpretation of the philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche. We attempt to reconstruct Berdyaev’s attitude to the creative heritage of the great German philosopher. The phenomenon of Nietzsche was mainly perceived by the Russian philosophy of the early 20th century in a religious context. For Berdyaev himself, the personality of Nietzsche became one of the starting points for comprehending the existential dialectic of human destiny in the world historical process. In Nietzsche’s works, Berdyaev was first of all captivated by the eschatological theme the philosopher addressed, his striving for the end and the limit. Berdyaev called Nietzsche the greatest phenomenon of modern history, dialectically completing the humanistic anthropology of the West. The Russian philosopher viewed Nietzsche as the forerunner of a new religious anthropology, a religious prophet of the West, making a return to the old European humanism no longer possible. Berdyaev was convinced of the need to overcome and internalize the spiritual experience of Nietzsche. The latter opens up the prospect of transition to a new anthropological era, in which human existence must be justified by creativity. Berdyaev viewed creativity as a new religious revelation of Christianity, not manifested in patristic tradition and historical Christianity. In creative acts, man overcomes objectification as a fallen state of the world. The article examines the key ideas of Nietzsche’s philosophy through the prism of religious existentialism and personalism of Berdyaev. Berdyaev’s attitude to Nietzsche was ambivalent: on the one hand, he highly appreciated how radically the German philosopher formulated the problem of a person’s creativity; on the other hand, he viewed the anti-Christian concept of the superman, leading to human godhood, as absolutely unacceptable for Russian religious philosophy and Christianity. Berdyaev assessed the new revelation of Nietzsche about the superman and the will to power as false and demonic, radically contradicting the foundations of Christian anthropology about man and the religious ethics of creativity.

The Emergence of Nautical Astronomy in Portugal in the XVth century

1998 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. L. Randles
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
West African ◽  
The West ◽  
The World ◽  
Isidore Of Seville ◽  
Navigational Aid ◽  
Christian Writer ◽  
Methods Of Measurement

Of the great oceans of the world, the Atlantic, because of its violence, was the last to be mastered by man. The task in its entirety had to wait for the Portuguese sailors of the Renaissance. Isidore of Seville (c. 570–636), a Christian writer of the late Roman Empire, had written of the Atlantic that it was ‘incommensurable and uncrossable’. Although Pliny (a.d. 23–79) refers vaguely to the Canary Islands, all knowledge of them disappears in the Middle Ages until a Portuguese expedition under the command of the Italian Lanzarotto Malocello ‘re- discovered’ them in 1336. Italian charts of the XIVth century begin progressively to show the Canaries, Madeira, Porto Santo and the Azores, but all aligned along a N/S axis without any appreciation of the relative distances between them or how far they lay from the European shore. The first written evidence of the Portuguese ‘discovery’ of the islands of Madeira and Porto Santo appears in 1419–20 and of the Azores in 1427, about the same time as they began to be colonised under the aegis of Prince Henry of Portugal, called the ‘Navigator’. The difficulties of returning to them on regular voyages was to motivate the Portuguese to develop methods of measurement using the Pole Star as a navigational aid and this led, not only to a greater accuracy in placing the islands on the charts, but also to a greater precision in the charting of the west African coastline which they were progressively exploring during the second half of the XVth century.Claims that Portuguese nautical astronomy originated in Aragon and was transmitted from there to Portugal or was introduced into Portugal from Germany by Regiomontanus and Martin Behaim have long ago been shown to be baseless.

Part I The Nature of Intangible Property, 8 Leases

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smith Marcus ◽  
Leslie Nico
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Real Property ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
The World ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Right ◽  
Historical Origins ◽  
The Middle Ages

This chapter focuses on leases. Leases are most commonly associated with transactions involving land, and have been a feature of the law of real property since the Middle Ages. However, other forms of lease have become increasingly prominent in modern times. There are now major industries concerned with the leasing of chattels, such as vehicles or aircraft, and leases of intangible rights have become commonplace in the world of intellectual property. The key feature of such leases is that the lessee obtains the right to exclude others from using the relevant chattel or intellectual property. This is in contrast to a mere licence, by which the licensee obtains only the right to use the chattel or property himself. The chapter looks specifically at leases over land—its nature, historical origins, and whether they can be properly classified as choses in action.

scholarly journals Relasi Kelisanan Al-Qur’an dan Pancasila Dalam Upaya Menjaga dan Mengembangkan Identitas Islam Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Muhammad Alwi HS ◽  
Nur Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Oral Delivery ◽  
General Knowledge ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The West ◽  
Muslim Population ◽  
Oral Side ◽  
Religious Attitude ◽  
The World ◽  
Current Context ◽  
The Times

<em>Yudian Wahyudi voiced his idea that Indonesia (read: Pancasila) is a religious and secular country simultaneously. The idea arose because many said Indonesia was a secular country, on the other hand, it was also mentioned that Indonesia was a religious country. It is said as a secular country because Indonesia has a lot of 'oriented' to the West. While referred to as a religious country because it has the majority Muslim population in the world. This paper will explain the position of the Pancasila as the way of life of the Indonesian people, associated with the Qur'an which is a way of life for Muslims. In this context, al-Qur'an will be explained as the realm of its orality, as is the identity of the Qur'an delivered verbally: from Allah, the Angel Gabriel, the Prophet Muhammad to the Arab community (audience). In this case, reading the oral side of the Koran, through the theory of Orality from Walter J. Ong, will be important if it is realized that there are distinct characteristics for oral delivery, one of which is the context that was born in the oral demands of the present, that is, when the Qur'an is delivered verbally, then the solution-problem or message delivered is based on the current context. At this point, Pancasila is present on Indonesian soil to answer problems and give messages that are also based on the Indonesian context. Also, through the integration of general knowledge in understanding and applying the values of Pancasila and the beauty of the Qur'an, it will give birth to a national and religious attitude that always responds to the development of the times appropriately. Both of these life guidelines maintain Indonesia's existing identity - which is good and advance the life of the nation and state. </em>

scholarly journals Germany and the Muslim World

ICR Journal ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-522
Author(s):  
Christoph Marcinkowski
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Roman Empire ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Holy Roman Empire ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The World ◽  
The Times

The relations between the world of Islam and Germany (or what was then the Holy Roman Empire) date back far into the Middle Ages and were particularly intense during the times of the Crusades. However, Muslims came to Germany in larger numbers as part of the diplomatic, military and economic relations between Germany and the Ottoman Empire in the eighteenth century. German diplomats and travellers, in turn, visited the Ottoman lands as well as Safavid Persia from the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, respectively. In Muslim public opinion, Germany appears to have been always seen as the ‘friend of the Muslims’, a kind of ‘exception’ compared with other Western colonial powers which controlled large chunks of the Muslim homeland. Germany - so it was thought - had no colonial ambitions in the Dar al-Islam. Germany’s last emperor, William II (r. 1888-1918), during his famous 1898 speech in Damascus, declared himself the ‘eternal friend’ of the (then) 300 million Muslims in the world. 

Sanctity and secularity in the early Irish church

1973 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 21-37
Author(s):  
Kathleen Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Outer Edge ◽  
Social Organisation ◽  
Early Church ◽  
Early Medieval ◽  
The West ◽  
Early Middle Ages ◽  
Medieval Europe ◽  
The World

Ireland was odd in the early middle ages. She lay on the outer edge of the world, the survivor of that Celtic civilisation which had once covered much of the west. She had never immediately known the pervading influence of Rome, which continued in so many ways for so long after the Roman empire collapsed. Christianity had reached her rather early (there were enough christians to make it worth while to send a continental bishop, Palladius, in 431) and it came before many of the developments which determined the nature of monasticism in early medieval Europe. Ireland’s political and social organisation were somewhat different from those of the Germanic peoples of the west; and though the early church in Ireland had an episcopal, diocesan structure, within two hundred years or so of its inception it had been fundamentally modified by native Irish laws and institutions. It is therefore not surprising to find that both Ireland’s sanctity and her secularity had peculiar features.

The Twilight Years of Russian Culture

1943 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 356-376
Author(s):  
Helen Iswolsky
Keyword(s):  
Social Problems ◽  
Religious Philosophy ◽  
Russian Culture ◽  
Old Russian ◽  
The World ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Revolution

The Storm of the revolution of 1917 not only swept away the old Russian historical landmarks, but it also spread confusion among the leaders of literary and philosophical movements of the time. On the eve of the great upheaval, Russia had known what can be called a true spiritual and artisticrenaissance. It was the period of Diagilev's Russian Ballet, of Stravinsky's first masterpieces, of Chaliapin's and Rachmaninov's triumphs, and of the creation of the “World of Art”, a brilliant school of painters. In the field of literature and thought, Dostoievsky's posthumous influence was still strongly felt. There were the trends of religious philosophy developed by Vladimir Soloviev and the ethical doctrines of Tolstoy. There were the writings of Leonid Andreiev and the rising fame of Gorky. Vassily Rozanov, Nicholas Berdiaev and Dmitry Merejkovsky stimulated a deeper and more direct understanding of Christianity. They threw new light on spiritual and social problems.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document