Bactericidal, Fungicidal, Helminthicidal, Antioxidant, and Chemical Properties of Chrozophora obliqua Extract

Plants have been used by human being in the treatment and prophylaxis of various diseases since thousands of years ago. Chrozophora obliqua is an aromatic plant that possesses beneficial health properties in traditional medicine. However, other properties of Chrozophora obliqua such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, and helminthicidal properties have never been investigated earlier; therefore, the current study aimed to investigate these effects. The chemical composition of the crude extract isolated from Chrozophora obliqua by hydrodistillation was estimated by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry apparatus (GC-MS). The antiradical property was evaluated using DPPH method. While bactericidal and fungicidal activities were assessed against eight bacterial and fungal American Type Culture Collection and clinically isolated pathogens using minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) method.Moreover, the helminthicidal activity was determined against Pheretima posthuma worms of freshly isolated extract after 1 h, 6 h, and 24 h of extraction. The current study revealed that Chrozophora obliqua extract composed of 16 compounds and possessed potential antiradical activity with an average IC50 value of 4.4 μg/ml almost at all time points. MIC values of the extract against Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, Shigella sonnei, Enterococcus faecium, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans,and Epidermophyton floccosum were approximately 1.5, 6.25, 12.5, 3.25, .015, 12.5, 6.25, and 1.125 mg/ml almost at all investigated time points. Also, it is found that 4, 10, 20, 40, 80, and 100 mg/ml of the extract needed 27.7, 13.5, 9.1, 7.8, and 4.4 min, respectively, to paralyze the investigated worm and needed 77.1, 37.7, 19.3, 13, and 9.9 min, respectively, to cause death to the studied worms. Our study provides evidence for the first time that Chrozophora obliqua extract possesses antiradical, bactericidal, fungicidal, and helminthicidal effects. These findings suggest that Chrozophora obliqua is a good choice for further pharmacological and clinical studies.

Download Full-text

A Study of Zooplankton Community in Dukan Lake, Kurdistan Region-Iraq, with a New Record of Craspedacusta sowerbii Lankester (1880) Medusa (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa)

Baghdad Science Journal ◽

10.21123/bsj.14.4.735-741 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 735-741 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Baghdad Science Journal

Keyword(s):

Similarity Index ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Zooplankton Community ◽

Ion Concentration ◽

Hydrogen Ion Concentration ◽

Alkaline Side ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

First Time ◽

Jaccard's Similarity Index ◽

And Chemical Properties

A study of Zooplankton community has been carried out at four selected sites on Dukan Lake. Samples of water and zooplankton were collected monthly for the period from July 2015 to February 2016. Some physical and chemical properties of water were studied and the results showed that the air temperature were ranged from 0 to 36.16 °C, water temperature ranged from 2.83 to 34.66 °C, hydrogen ion concentration of studied sites were found to lie in alkaline side, it was ranged between 6.87 to 8.57, electrical conductivity ranged from 190.79 to 850.08 µs.cm¹, turbidity ranged from 0.9-7.7 NTU, and dissolved oxygen from 3.3 to 6.8 mg.l-¹ while BOD5 were ranged from 0.53 to 34.66 mg.l-¹. Concerning to the zooplankton, 37 species were identified which belonged to Cladocera (48.38%), Copepod (43.28%), Rotifera (8.23%), Targigrada (0.08%) and Cnidaria (0.1%). The medusa of Craspedacusta sowerbii Lankester (1880) was recorded for the first time in Iraq. Regarding to zooplankton community, rotifer were ranged between 0 to 690.91 ind.m-3, Copepoda from 54.55 to 5927.27 ind.m-3 and Cladocera ranged from 18.18 to 6072.73 ind.m-3. According to Shanon-Weiner index, species diversity for zooplankton invertebrates was ranged from 0.325 to 1.091 bits/ind. Jaccard’s similarity index showed that the highest similarity was recorded between site (1) and site (4) with 40.74%.

Download Full-text

Sila-Pharmaka, 9. Mitt. [1] Darstellung und Eigenschaften potentiell curarewirksamer Silicium-Verbindungen, I / Sila-Drugs, 9th Communication [1] Preparation and Properties of Silicon Compounds with Potential Curare-Like Activity, I

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B ◽

10.1515/znb-1978-0413 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 412-416 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Reinhold Tacke ◽

Roland Niedner

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectroscopy ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Organosilicon Compounds ◽

Silicon Compounds ◽

H Nmr ◽

Toxicological Data ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

First Time ◽

And Chemical Properties

Abstract Organosilicon compounds 8, 9 and 10 with potential curare-like action and their precursors 5, 6 and 7 were synthesized for the first time. 5−10 were characterized by their physical and chemical properties, and their structures were confirmed by analyses, 1 H NMR and mass spectroscopy (only for 5−7). The pharmacological and toxicological data of 8, 9 and 10 are reported.

Download Full-text

THE QUALITY PARAMETERS, TOTAL FLAVONOIDS DETERMINATION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY COMPOUND OF ANDALIMAN FRUIT ANDALIMAN FRUIT (ZANTHOXYLUM ACANTHOPODIUM DC.) EXTRACT

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics ◽

10.22159/ijap.2021.v13s2.07 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 34-40

Author(s):

YUNAHARA FARIDA ◽

WIDI AZELA ◽

MEGA ELOK LESTAR ◽

DIAH KARTIKA PRATAMI

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Methyl Palmitate ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Total Flavonoid ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Uv Spectrophotometry ◽

Benzenedicarboxylic Acid ◽

Ic50 Value ◽

Dpph Method

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical compound of the antioxidant activity of the extract from andaliman fruit (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC.) and the quality parameters and the total flavonoid determination of the highest antioxidant activity. Methods: The andaliman fruits were extracted using a solvent such as n-hexane, ethyl acetate and 70% ethanol obtained extracts, follow the antioxidant activity using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The quality parameters and total flavonoid determination were performed from highest antioxidant activity. Fractionated was done using vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) with the mobile phase chloroform-methanol (9:1 ~1:9). Purification with Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) preparative, identification using UV-spectrophotometry, FTIR, Gas chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) analysis. Results: The 70% of ethanol has the highest antioxidant activity with IC50 value 84.11±0.47 ppm; the quality parameters in this study meet the quality requirements, both specific and nonspecific parameters. Total flavonoid content of the 70% ethanol extract was 2.37±0.02%. The results of the GCMS studies showed the presence of 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, mono (2-ethylhexyl) ester; squalene, methyl palmitate, methyl isopalmitate, n-tetracosanol-1 and 4-isopropyl chalcone. Conclusion: The results indicate that the 70% ethanol extracts of andaliman fruits contains 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, mono (2-ethylhexyl) ester; squalene, methyl palmitate, methyl isopalmitate, n-tetracosanol-1 and 4-isopropyl chalcone have antioxidant activity with IC50 value 51.35 ppm.

Download Full-text

STUDY OF COMPOSITION, PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF POLYSACCHARIDE COMPLEX OF ARCTIUM LAPPA LEAVES

I P Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald ◽

10.23888/pavlovj2017142-48 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 42-48

Author(s):

I A. Sychev ◽

D G. Kokina

Keyword(s):

Chemical Properties ◽

Erythrocyte Membranes ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Qualitative Composition ◽

Arctium Lappa ◽

Polysaccharide Complex ◽

Healthy Donors ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

First Time ◽

And Chemical Properties

A method of isolation of polysaccharide complex from the leaves of Burdock (Arctium lappa L.) is described in the article. For the first time the qualitative composition of this complex was determined, belonging to the group of heteroglycans. Some of physical and chemical properties of polysaccharide complex were studied. It is shown that polysaccharide complex increases catalase activity and peroxide resistance of the erythrocyte membranes of healthy donors. The study found that polysaccharide complex of Burdock improves physical performance of test animals.

Download Full-text

THE BLOOM AND TOXICITY OF CYANOBACTERIA IN LAKE SEVAN

Proceedings of the YSU B: Chemical and Biological Sciences ◽

10.46991/pysu:b/2020.54.2.168 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 54 (2 (252)) ◽

pp. 168-176

Author(s):

L.R. Hambaryan ◽

L.G. Stepanyan ◽

M.V. Mikaelyan ◽

Q.G. Gyurjyan

Keyword(s):

Algal Blooms ◽

Littoral Zone ◽

Algal Bloom ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Lake Sevan ◽

Phosphate Ions ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

First Time ◽

And Chemical Properties

Seasonal hydrochemical, hydrophysical, and phytoplankton studies were conducted in a littoral zone of Lake Sevan in 2019. It is known that in recent years widespread algal blooms were usually started from the littoral zone of Big Sevan, and then spread towards the pelagic zone of the lake. The bloom was mainly caused by species belonging to the genus Dolichospermum (previously Anabaena). Our study has revealed that the physical and chemical properties of water were changed as a result of algal bloom. Particularly, the transparency of water and concentration of dissolved oxygen decreased, while the concentrations of ammonium, nitrite and phosphate ions increased. For the first time, the presence of the toxins microcystin and anatoxin-a was recorded in the lake.

Download Full-text

Physical and Chemical Properties of Biodiesel Obtained from Amazon Sailfin Catfish (Pterygoplichthys pardalis) Biomass Oil

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2019/7829630 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

F. Anguebes-Franseschi ◽

A. Bassam ◽

M. Abatal ◽

O. May Tzuc ◽

C. Aguilar-Ucán ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atomic Absorption ◽

Methyl Esters ◽

Ecological Impact ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Absorption Spectrometry ◽

Raw Material ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

And Chemical Properties

Amazon sailfin catfish (Pterygoplichthys pardalis) is considered one of the greatest threats to the biodiversity of continental aquatic systems, causing serious economic and environmental problems in the regions. In this work, the production of biodiesel from Amazon sailfin catfish biomass oil is studied. The physical and chemical properties of biofuel produced were evaluated under the specifications of the European standard EN-14214 by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy, and atomic absorption spectrometry analyses. The results show that the biodiesel complies with all the specifications of the standard, except the content of polyunsaturated methyl esters. The yields obtained from oil and biodiesel were 9.67 and 90.71% (m/m), respectively. The methyl ester concentrations study identified 17 components where 47.003% m/m corresponded to methyl esters with saturated chains, whereas 34.394% m/m was attributed to monosaturated methyl esters and the remaining (18.624% m/m) to polysaturated methyl esters. Finally, mineral analysis by atomic absorption showed the absence of heavy metals Cd, Ni, and Pb, as well as low concentrations of Ni, Fe, Cu, and Zn, demonstrating that the quality of the fuel is not compromised. The study indicates the feasibility of manufacturing biodiesel using Amazon sailfin catfish biomass oil as a low-cost raw material. It represents an environmental option to mitigate a global problem of atmospheric pollution, and at the same time, it shows a commercial alternative to reduce the ecological impact caused by this fish in the diverse ecosystems to which it has spread. In addition, the great adaptability of this fish provides the possibility of a profitable process to have very high rates of reproduction and growth, allowing the generation of large amounts of biomass for the production of biodiesel.

Download Full-text

Rice husk derived Aminated Silica for the efficient adsorption of different gases

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-76460-0 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Rashed S. Bakdash ◽

Isam. H. Aljundi ◽

Chanbasha Basheer ◽

Ismail Abdulazeez

Keyword(s):

Rice Husk ◽

Energy Gap ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Separation Capacity ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

First Time ◽

Different Gases ◽

Homo Lumo ◽

Consequent Increase ◽

And Chemical Properties

Abstract In this present work, we successfully prepared aminated silica (ASiO2) from rice husk ash (RHA) and functionalized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES). Physical and chemical properties of the synthesized material were investigated by various techniques SEM–EDX, XPS, FTIR, TGA. The surface area of RHA was 223 m2/g, while for ASiO2 was 101 m2/g. Molecular level DFT calculations revealed that the functionalization of ASiO2 resulted in a significant decrease in the HOMO–LUMO energy gap, a reduction in hardness, and a consequent increase in charge transfer characteristics. The adsorption behavior at low pressure (1 atm.) of aminated silica on different gases CO2, CH4, H2, and N2 at temperatures 77, 273, 298 K was studied. The adsorption of hydrogen was reported for the first time on aminated silica with an excellent adsorption capacity of 1.2 mmol/g. The ASiO2 exhibited excellent performance in terms of gas separation in binary mixtures of CO2/CH4, CO2/N2 and CO2/H2 at 273, and 298 K, respectively. The catalyst further exhibits high stability during three cycles with less than 10% variation in the separation capacity.

Download Full-text

NEW CONSIDERATIONS IN ORGANOGERMANIUM-SULPHUR CHEMISTRY

Canadian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1139/v63-180 ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 41 (5) ◽

pp. 1276-1280 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Malcolm C. Henry ◽

Wenzel E. Davidson

Keyword(s):

Chemical Properties ◽

Group Iv ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Sulphur Compounds ◽

New Compounds ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

First Time ◽

And Chemical Properties

The successful synthesis of sodium triphenylgermanethiol (1), (C6H5)3GeSNa, and disodium diphenylgermanedithiol, (C6H5)2Ge(SNa)2, have made it possible to carry out reactions with RX type compounds yielding a variety of organogermanium-sulphur compounds. In addition, triphenylgermanethiol, (C6H5)3GeSH, has been synthesized for the first time. Reactions of these compounds are related to analogous group IV element compounds. Physical and chemical properties of these new compounds are also discussed.

Download Full-text

Anatomical characterization, physical, and chemical properties of wood of Quercus macdougallii Martínez, endemic species of the Sierra Juárez of Oaxaca, Mexico

BioResources ◽

10.15376/biores.15.3.5975-5998 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 5975-5998

Author(s):

Faustino Ruiz-Aquino ◽

Lizbeth Luna-Bautista ◽

Aremi E. Luna-Bautista ◽

Wenceslao Santiago-García ◽

Luis F. Pintor-Ibarra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Endemic Species ◽

Basic Density ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Cellulose Pulp ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

First Time ◽

And Chemical Properties

The anatomical characteristics and the physical and chemical properties of wood of Quercus macdougallii Martínez are presented for the first time. Q. macdougallii Martínez is an endemic species of the Sierra Juarez of Oaxaca. The microscopic characteristics were described in preparations of typical cuts and dissociated material. The physical properties were evaluated according to the ASTM D 143-94 standard in sapwood and heartwood specimens. The measurable elements and physical properties were classified according to the mean. With the measurable elements, the paper pulp quality index was determined. In sapwood and heartwood, the basic chemical composition was determined. The wood of Q. macdougallii presented a pronounced grain, a thick texture, and a straight thread. Fibers, fibrotracheids, uniseriate, multiseriate, and aggregate rays were found. Basic density 0.55 g cm-3 in sapwood and 0.61 g cm-3 in heartwood is classified as moderately heavy and heavy, respectively. The saturation point of the fiber is classified as high. Based on its physical properties, Q. macdougallii wood can be used in the manufacture of furniture, veneer, floors, tool handles, and construction. Based on the pulp quality indices and chemical composition, this wood could be used to obtain cellulose pulp for paper.

Download Full-text