scholarly journals From Ebony to Ivory

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Pussetti
Keyword(s):  
Social Mobility ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Skin Colour ◽  
Colonial Legacy ◽  
Career Opportunities ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

This article discusses the impact of skin colour inequality in the individual aspirations and prospects of social inclusion and success, social mobility aspirations, professional ambitions and career opportunities. Ethnographically, it studies specific forms of cosmetic investments and self-optimisation in Portugal and its effects on the micropolitics of bodies, correlating the agency of individuals (how they empower themselves maximising certain aspects and minimising others) with the ways in which a European white appearance circulates as a form of capital and commodity, creating body narratives that are very much racialised. By inquiring the actual European understanding of value in bodies, we can also understand the colonial legacy and how it is reproduced through the mutation of bodies.

It's all in the past: how do colonial legacies between host and home countries affect the expatriate experience?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Colonial Legacy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Host Country Nationals ◽  
Practical Experiences ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

PurposeWithin the expatriation subset of the wider IB literature, the focus of research has been on contemporary contextual factors. The purpose of this paper is to link the present to the past by investigating how the individual expatriate experience may be affected by a colonial legacy between host and home countries.Design/methodology/approachGiven the exploratory nature of this study, a qualitative interview-based approach eliciting thick, detailed descriptions of the practical experiences of seven Japanese expatriate managers working in Malaysia was adopted. These were supplemented by additional interviews with three host-country nationals who work alongside some of the expatriates. The data were analysed through a two-stage coding process.FindingsThe expatriate respondents were largely unanimous in their view that the colonial past between the two countries had no negative impact on their experiences in Malaysia, and the Malaysian interviewees corroborated this. On the contrary, the majority of the expatriates actually spoke positively about their experiences. This was especially true for expatriates in both the tourism and education/research field whose work was linked in some way to the period of Japanese occupation.Research limitations/implicationsThe small, single-context nature of the investigation limits generalisation. There are also many particularities in this study (the nature of Japanese-Malaysian postcolonial relations, cultural values of the Malaysians and Japanese, and so on) that are perhaps not easily relatable to other contexts. Having said this, qualitative research is not always geared towards generalisability but rather towards contextual intricacies and nuances.Originality/valueWhile most of the extant literature on expatriation has examined largely contemporary factors, this paper explores the impact of more historical events on the expatriate experience. Although such events may seem distant from an expatriate's current activities, this study suggests that in certain circumstances, they may have a lingering effect.

scholarly journals TECHNOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL RETROFIT STRATEGIES FOR THE PUBLIC RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS OF THE SECOND POST-WAR

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Di Sivo ◽  
Daniela Ladiana ◽  
Giovanni Santi ◽  
Lediana Rrjolli
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Seismic Energy ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Initial Examination ◽  
Suggested Approach ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

This experimental study on the renewal of post-World War II suburban areas addresses the theme of the technological retrofitting of buildings, focusing on typological features, construction techniques and, more in general, of all aspects that fail to meet the needs of contemporary living. An initial examination of Italian and international case studies helped to identify possible guidelines for the optimization of urban renewal activities. The guidelines were tested by applying them to a case study: a 1950s-era neighborhood in the city of Pisa. The study undertaken highlights the need to consistently integrate all of the activities that affect the building structures-consolidations and static adjustments, improvement of energy efficiency, functional and spatial adaptation-and that work towards strengthening social integration by taking into account the specific needs of the individual. The work is implemented on individual buildings and urban areas, with the aim of improving the local identity characteristics. The suggested approach is that of a circular economy, which helps to reduce the impact on the environment, mainly through the extensive use of recycled materials. The proposed experiment thus aims to test the resilience of buildings following their seismic, energy and functional updating, including sociological and environmental psychology assessments, with particular attention to vulnerable users, in order to find solutions capable of promoting social inclusion.

scholarly journals Icf-based functional profile in education and rehabilitation: a multidisciplinary pilot experience

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Pasqualotto Luciano ◽  
Lascioli Angelo
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Life Project ◽  
Pilot Experience ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Following the changes introduced by Legislative Decree no. 66/2017, the Multidisciplinary Evaluation Unitsestablished at the local health districts are mandated to draft a Functioning Profile (FP) based on the ICF Classification, for the purposes of establishing an Individual Project (Law No. 328 / 2000, art.14), as well as thepreparation of the Individualized Educational Plan (PEI) (Legislative Decree no. 66/2017, art. 5). The innovation introduced by the legislation is far-reaching, not only for the impact it has on the organization of the Services and on the procedures relating to school support and accompaniment towards the Life Project. Particularly relevant is the change of perspective brought by the adoption of the anthropological model of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). If, so far, the condition of disability hasbeen assessed on the basis of clinical parameters, the Functioning Profile now requires a biopsychosocial assessment of the person which will consider not only deficits and impairments, as well as its effect on the development process of personal experiences (personal factors) and the setting of daily life (environmental factors). Indeed, this threefold focal lens is the only means to comprehend the overall condition of a person with disability – encompassing their needs and wishes – which is intertwined to the quality and the complexity of the social networkto which they belong. Accordingly, the regulation foresees that drafting of the FP be jointly carried forth by physicians, rehabilitationprofessionals, evolutional age psychologists, evolutionary psychologists, social workers, paedagogists, specializedteachers, parents, and not least the very individual as by the principal of autodetermination. Following the modifications introduced with such Decree, the University of Verona began a trial aimed at developing n ICF-based FP model that is both sustainable an organizational level and functional to planning the Individual Projects and the PEI. Such trial has involved the Scaligera local health district ‘ULSS Company no. 9 a delegation of family Pediatricians of the province and the Local School Office in Verona. The FP model produced in the pilot experience which is still active, contains some particular features that allow is formal as well as dynamic use in both the design and the monitoring and evaluation of educational, rehabilitation and care interventions. For this purpose, we created an online platform that processes the data collected and makes it available to the user in real time providing a series of qualitative and quantitative graphs and indicators, describing the biopsychosocial functioning of the subject and his/her needs for social inclusion. The present article describes the main elements of this pilot experience and the results obtained.

The Economics of Language Policy

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Language Diversity ◽  
Common Framework ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

In an era of globalization, issues of language diversity have economic and political implications. Transnational labor mobility, trade, social inclusion of migrants, democracy in multilingual countries, and companies’ international competitiveness all have a linguistic dimension; yet economists in general do not include language as a variable in their research. This volume demonstrates that the application of rigorous economic theories and research methods to issues of language policy yields valuable insights. The contributors offer both theoretical and empirical analyses of such topics as the impact of language diversity on economic outcomes, the distributive effects of policy regarding official languages, the individual welfare consequences of bilingualism, and the link between language and national identity. Their research is based on data from countries including Canada, India, Kazakhstan, and Indonesia and from the regions of Central America, Europe, and Sub-Saharan Africa. Theoretical models are explained intuitively for the nonspecialist. The relationships among linguistic variables, inequality, and the economy are approached from different perspectives, including economics, sociolinguistics, and political science. For this reason, the book offers a substantive contribution to interdisciplinary work on languages in society and language policy, proposing a common framework for a shared research area Contributors: Alisher Aldashev, Katalin Buzási, Ramon Caminal, Alexander M. Danzer, Maxime Leblanc Desgagné, Peter H. Egger, Ainhoa Aparicio Fenoll, Michele Gazzola, Victor Ginsburgh, Gilles Grenier, François Grin, Zoe Kuehn, Andrea Lassmann, Stephen May, Serge Nadeau, Suzanne Romaine, Selma K. Sonntag, Stefan Sperlich, José-Ramón Uriarte, François Vaillancourt, Shlomo Weber, Bengt-Arne Wickström, Lauren Zentz

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF USING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND COMMUNICATION IN SCHOOLS IN ROMANIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-108
Author(s):  
Alina-Andreea Marin ◽  
◽  
Adina Liliana Prioteasa ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Technology And Communication ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

New technologies are a catalyst for education. Technology unlocks educational boundaries, motivates students, improves students' writing and learning skills, promotes individual learning. This sector has become an educational priority and all EU countries are striving to develop ICT skills. Technology is part of the world we live in. Most jobs today require the use of technology. For this reason, the focus is on developing a set of knowledge, skills, attitudes, necessary for access to the labor market, social inclusion, personal development and lifelong learning. The knowledge society has imposed the use of ICT as a necessary condition for the integration of the individual in the labor market and in society. The present paper attempts to provide an overview of the impact that technology has on pupils and teachers in Romanian schools.

Accent Policy and Accent Modification Enterprises as Potential Indicators of Intercultural Power Relations: A Call for an Updated Research Agenda

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brynne D. Ovalle ◽  
Rahul Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Identity Construction ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Cultural Organization ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This article has two purposes: (a) to examine the relationship between intercultural power relations and the widespread practice of accent discrimination and (b) to underscore the ramifications of accent discrimination both for the individual and for global society as a whole. First, authors review social theory regarding language and group identity construction, and then go on to integrate more current studies linking accent bias to sociocultural variables. Authors discuss three examples of intercultural accent discrimination in order to illustrate how this link manifests itself in the broader context of international relations (i.e., how accent discrimination is generated in situations of unequal power) and, using a review of current research, assess the consequences of accent discrimination for the individual. Finally, the article highlights the impact that linguistic discrimination is having on linguistic diversity globally, partially using data from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and partially by offering a potential context for interpreting the emergence of practices that seek to reduce or modify speaker accents.

Investigating the Relationship Between Self-Esteem and Stigma Among Young Adults With History of Suicide Attempts

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meshan Lehmann ◽  
Matthew R. Hilimire ◽  
Lawrence H. Yang ◽  
Bruce G. Link ◽  
Jordan E. DeVylder
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Background: Self-esteem is a major contributor to risk for repeated suicide attempts. Prior research has shown that awareness of stigma is associated with reduced self-esteem among people with mental illness. No prior studies have examined the association between self-esteem and stereotype awareness among individuals with past suicide attempts. Aims: To understand the relationship between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among young adults who have and have not attempted suicide. Method: Computerized surveys were administered to college students (N = 637). Linear regression analyses were used to test associations between self-esteem and stereotype awareness, attempt history, and their interaction. Results: There was a significant stereotype awareness by attempt interaction (β = –.74, p = .006) in the regression analysis. The interaction was explained by a stronger negative association between stereotype awareness and self-esteem among individuals with past suicide attempts (β = –.50, p = .013) compared with those without attempts (β = –.09, p = .037). Conclusion: Stigma is associated with lower self-esteem within this high-functioning sample of young adults with histories of suicide attempts. Alleviating the impact of stigma at the individual (clinical) or community (public health) levels may improve self-esteem among this high-risk population, which could potentially influence subsequent suicide risk.

The Role of Threat and Economic Uncertainty in Support for Scottish Independence

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Kopasker
Keyword(s):  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Constitutional Change ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Economic Expectations ◽  
Scottish Independence ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Levels Of Support

Existing research has consistently shown that perceptions of the potential economic consequences of Scottish independence are vital to levels of support for constitutional change. This paper attempts to investigate the mechanism by which expectations of the economic consequences of independence are formed. A hypothesised causal micro-level mechanism is tested that relates constitutional preferences to the existing skill investments of the individual. Evidence is presented that larger skill investments are associated with a greater likelihood of perceiving economic threats from independence. Additionally, greater perceived threat results in lower support for independence. The impact of uncertainty on both positive and negative economic expectations is also examined. While uncertainty has little effect on negative expectations, it significantly reduces the likelihood of those with positive expectations supporting independence. Overall, it appears that a general economy-wide threat is most significant, and it is conjectured that this stems a lack of information on macroeconomic governance credentials.

Moving Up without Losing Your Way

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Morton
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
College Students ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Upward Mobility ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
College Experience ◽  
Career Opportunities ◽  
Community Finding

Upward mobility through the path of higher education has been an article of faith for generations of working-class, low-income, and immigrant college students. While we know this path usually entails financial sacrifices and hard work, very little attention has been paid to the deep personal compromises such students have to make as they enter worlds vastly different from their own. Measuring the true cost of higher education for those from disadvantaged backgrounds, this book looks at the ethical dilemmas of upward mobility—the broken ties with family and friends, the severed connections with former communities, and the loss of identity—faced by students as they strive to earn a successful place in society. The book reframes the college experience, factoring in not just educational and career opportunities but also essential relationships with family, friends, and community. Finding that student strivers tend to give up the latter for the former, negating their sense of self, the book seeks to reverse this course. It urges educators to empower students with a new narrative of upward mobility—one that honestly situates ethical costs in historical, social, and economic contexts and that allows students to make informed decisions for themselves. The book paves a hopeful road so that students might achieve social mobility while retaining their best selves.

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