Hollywood Aesthetic: Pleasure in American Cinema

Projections ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-101
Author(s):  
Todd Berliner
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Research ◽  
Film Analysis ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Narrative Style ◽  
Hollywood Cinema ◽  
American Cinema ◽  
Aesthetic Pleasure ◽  
The Relationship

In this reply to four commentaries on my book, Hollywood Aesthetic: Pleasure in American Cinema, I address several conceptual and methodological issues raised by the respondents. Those issues include the book’s focus on aesthetic pleasure; the functions of narrative, style, ideology, and genre in Hollywood cinema; the relationship between ideology and aesthetics; the use of scientific research in the humanities; normative aesthetic evaluations; real versus hypothetical spectators; and the practices of aesthetic film analysis.

What about ethics? Developing qualitative research in confinement settings

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sílvia Gomes ◽  
Vera Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Relational Dynamics ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Procedural Ethics ◽  
The Relationship

The main purpose of this article is to discuss some ethical-methodological issues associated with scientific research in confinement settings, particularly those that result from the relationship with the confined individual in the framework of qualitative research. Basing the reflection on empirical research developed by both authors in Portuguese confinement settings – prisons and youth educational centres – we examine the significant challenges and dilemmas this type of research entails, exploring the interface between procedural ethics and ethics in practice at three points in the analytical process: before, during and after data collection. This article illustrates the interplay between formal and informal procedures, and between the initial distancing and strangeness when making contact with confinement settings and their social actors and the institutional and relational dynamics that become ingrained in our everyday practice. Our goal is to give visibility to these institutional and relational dynamics and to reflect on the challenges experienced by those who enter confinement settings to do research, in an effort to make the research process more transparent and at the same time more reflexive. We end our reflection advocating more ethically committed and critical scientific research.

Hollywood Aesthetic

Projections ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
Todd Berliner
Keyword(s):  
Film History ◽  
Intrinsic Properties ◽  
Aesthetic Design ◽  
Aesthetic Experiences ◽  
Hollywood Film ◽  
Hollywood Cinema ◽  
American Cinema ◽  
Affective Processes ◽  
Aesthetic Pleasure ◽  
Hollywood Movies

Hollywood Aesthetic: Pleasure in American Cinema investigates the Hollywood film industry’s chief artistic accomplishment: providing aesthetic pleasure to mass audiences. Grounded in film history and supported by research in psychology and philosophical aesthetics, the book explains (1) the intrinsic properties characteristic of Hollywood cinema that induce aesthetic pleasure; (2) the cognitive and affective processes, sparked by Hollywood movies, that become engaged during aesthetic pleasure; and (3) the exhilarated aesthetic experiences afforded by an array of persistently entertaining Hollywood movies. Hollywood Aesthetic addresses four fundamental components of Hollywood’s aesthetic design—narrative, style, ideology, and genre—aiming for a comprehensive appraisal of Hollywood cinema’s capacity to excite aesthetic pleasure. This article outlines the book’s main points and themes. As a précis, it is heavy on ideas and light on evidence, which is to be found in the book itself.

Goldilocks Aesthetics

Projections ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-74
Author(s):  
James E. Cutting
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Responses ◽  
American Cinema ◽  
Aesthetic Pleasure

Much of aesthetics is based in psychological responses. Yet seldom have such responses—couched in empirically based psychological terms—played a central role in the discussion of movie aesthetics. Happily, Todd Berliner’s Hollywood Aesthetic: Pleasure in American Cinema does just that. This commentary discusses some history and some twists and turns behind Berliner’s analysis.

Speculating about Spectatorship

Projections ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Janet Staiger
Keyword(s):  
American Cinema ◽  
Aesthetic Pleasure

Todd Berliner’s Hollywood Aesthetic: Pleasure in American Cinema (2017) offers useful broad theoretical arguments about how to understand our pleasures in viewing cinema. Yet, moving to individual cases requires recognizing the historical conditions of spectatorship including contemporaneous ideological issues, levels and types of knowledges, and cooperation (or non-cooperation) by a spectator.

INFLUENCE OF PATRIOTISM ON PREVENTION OF SOCIAL AND POLITICAL CONFLICTS IN MODERN RUSSIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 108-113
Author(s):  
K. V. KURNOSOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Research ◽  
Political Conflicts ◽  
The Relationship

The article considers the issue of the relationship between the phenomenon of patriotism and socio-political conflicts; presents scientific research related to this issue; a possible approach to assessing the influence of patriotism on the prevention of socio-political conflicts in modern Russia is revealed.

Conclusion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Auyoung
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
Cognitive Research ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
Aesthetic Pleasure ◽  
Mental Acts ◽  
The Relationship

The conclusion of this book calls attention to the relationship between comprehending realist fiction and Aristotle’s claim that mimetic representation provides a form of aesthetic pleasure distinct from our response to what is represented. It also argues that, by demonstrating how much nineteenth-century novelists depend on the knowledge and abilities that readers bring to a text, cognitive research on reading helps us revisit long-standing theoretical assumptions in literary studies. Because the felt experience of reading is so distinct from the mental acts underlying it, knowing more about the basic architecture of reading can help literary critics refine their claims about what novels can and cannot do to their readers.

A contingency perspective on learning and instruction in physical education

2021 ◽  
pp. 1356336X2098588
Author(s):  
Jonas Wibowo ◽  
Ben Dyson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Learning Processes ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Unit Of Analysis ◽  
Contingency Perspective ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Learning And Instruction

In this article, we focus on the contingency between learning and instruction in physical education (PE). We argue that the complex interconnectedness of teachers’ instruction and students’ learning processes should be studied using a unit of analysis that expresses the relationship between the two factors. A contingency perspective foregrounds the individual differences between different learners and how a teacher regards these differences. Furthermore, it has the potential to provide a precise lens for empirical research on how the students’ situations shape the evolution of the teaching--learning process. Based on scaffolding research and adaptive teaching research, which draws on socio-constructivist foundations, we call this unit of analysis ‘contingency’. We outline a framework of research that suggests depicting contingency dimensions, respective instructional continua, and contingency rules when investigating contingency in PE. Furthermore, autonomy as a core contingency dimension for PE and methodological issues will be discussed.

PRESIDENT OF YALE ASSAILS AS ‘EXCESSIVE’ US REGULATIONS ON RESEARCH

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. A54-A54
Author(s):  
J. F. L.
Keyword(s):  
Government Regulation ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Federal Agencies ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Yale University ◽  
Federal Funds ◽  
Government Grants ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Science Magazine

A. Bartlett Giamatti, the president of Yale University has deplored the "mounting wave of regulation" and "requirements for massive amounts of paperwork" that he said Federal agencies heaped upon researchers supported by Government grants. Echoing a strong note of discontent voiced by many active in university-based scientific research, Mr Giamatti said "excessive or unthinking regulation" had damaged the relationship between government and universities. "There is a powerful resentment on all sides, and distrust," he told 500 people at the opening dinner of the annual Association of Yale Alumni assembly. "A radical skepticism bordering on open contempt for our centers of learning surfaces again." Researchers at universities across the country have been protesting strongly against a government regulation, put into effect three months ago, that requires them to complete detailed "personnel activity reports" before they are reimbursed for "indirect costs"–overhead expenses–incurred during their work. Of $68 million Yale received in federal funds last year, Mr Giamatti said, $21 mfflion was for "indirect costs." Under the new rule, researchers at Stanford University say they will have to complete 80,000 reports instead of the present 3,000, at a cost of between $250,000 and $300,000, Mr. Giamatti told the assembly, quoting from an article in Science magazine. Critics also point to a 1968 Bureau of the Budget report evaluating time and effort reports when the original A-21 regulation, written in 1958, was revised in 1967 to include these reports. "Time or effort reports now required of faculty members are meaningless and a waste of time," the 1968 report says.

ON INTERACTION OF MATERIAL AND PROCEDURAL LAW IN THE CONTEXT OF REFORMING THE NOMENCLATURE OF SCIENTIFIC SPECIALTIES IN JURISPRUDENCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-231
Author(s):  
S.I. Suslova
Keyword(s):  
Civil Law ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Civil Procedure ◽  
Dialectical Logic ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Procedural Law ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Civil Science ◽  
Substantive Law ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: the influence of the material branches of law on the content and development of procedural branches has long been substantiated in the legal literature. At the same time, civil law scholars, limited by the scope of the nomenclature of scientific specialties in legal sciences, do not have the opportunity to conduct dissertation research aimed at identifying the influence of procedural branches on the norms of substantive law. With regard to scientific research, the study of such an impact is currently permissible only within the specialty 12.00.15. Reforming the nomenclature of scientific specialties towards its enlargement creates the basis for the development of the scientific theory of intersectoral relations, developed by M.Iu. Chelyshev. An in-depth study of the intersectoral interaction of civil law and civil procedure will contribute not only to the development of scientific knowledge, but also will allow solving practical problems at a different methodological level. Purpose: to analyze the stages of the formation of scientific specialties in the context of the relationship between civil law and procedure, to identify the advantages and disadvantages of uniting and dividing civil law and procedure in scientific research, to analyze dissertations in different periods of development of the science of civil law and the science of civil procedure, to formulate ways to improve directions of research to bridge the gap between the science of civil law and procedure. Methods: empirical methods of description, interpretation; theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic. The legal-dogmatic private scientific method was used. Results: identified the main views on the ratio of material and procedural branches in legal science; it is illustrated that the intersectoral approach is currently admissible only for dissertations in the specialty 12.00.15, which led to an almost complete absence of scientific research on this topic in civil science; substantiated the need to establish the bilateral nature of the relationship and interaction of material and procedural block. Conclusions: reforming the nomenclature of scientific specialties by right in the direction of their enlargement should have a positive effect on bridging the gap that has developed between works on civil law and civil law procedure in the last years of their separate existence. This is especially true of civil science, which developed its own scientific theories in isolation from the possibilities of their implementation within the framework of procedural law. The methodological basis for solving these problems has already been formed – this is an intersectoral method, the application of which is justified and demonstrated in the works of M.Iu. Chelyshev.

Intervento: Psicoterapia e ricerca "scientifica"

2009 ◽  
pp. 77-94
Author(s):  
Paolo Migone
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Chaos Theory ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Psychotherapy Research ◽  
Clinical Material ◽  
History Of Psychotherapy ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

- Some problems of the relationship between psychotherapy and scientific research are examined. The following aspects are discussed: the theory of demarcation between science and non-science, the problem of replicability, "hard" and "soft" sciences, complexity and chaos theory, the levels of probability and indeterminacy, the inductive-deductive circle, abduction, etc. Clinical material is presented in order to exemplify the issues under discussion. Some of the problems met by empirical research in psychotherapy (for example the manualization of psychotherapy techniques) are described, and the phases of the history of psychotherapy research movement are summarized. (This intervention is a discussion of the paper by the physicist Ferdinando Bersani "Replicability in science: Myth or reality?". Psicoterapia e Scienze Umane, 2009, XLIII, 1: 59-76). [KEY WORDS: science, psychotherapy research, epistemology, replicability, psychoanalytic research]

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