scholarly journals Effects of Calcium Salts of Fatty Acids and Protein Source on Ruminal Fermentation and Nutrient Flow to Duodenum of Cows

1991 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 2206-2219 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.H. Klusmeyer ◽  
G.L. Lynch ◽  
J.H. Clark ◽  
D.R. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Calcium Salts ◽  
Nutrient Flow

scholarly journals Concentrate containing calcium salts of fatty acids rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids can change rumen fermentation in grazing goats

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 2621
Author(s):  
Ludmila Couto Gomes ◽  
Claudete Regina Alcalde ◽  
Julio Cesar Damasceno ◽  
Luiz Paulo Rigolon ◽  
Ana Paula Silva Possamai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Calcium Salts ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Ruminal Ph

Feeding goats with calcium salts of fatty acids (CSFA) can supply ruminants with lipids, with minimal effects on ruminal fermentation and fiber digestibility. However, there is a shortage of information on the effect of CSFA on characteristics of rumen fermentation in grassland goats. Thus, the present study aimed to assess the addition of CSFA to concentrate on the parameters of rumen fermentation of grazing goats. Five rumen cannulated goats were distributed in a Latin square 5x5 design (treatments: 0%, 1.5%, 3.0%, 4.5% and 6.0% CSFA. The pH, ammonia N and volatile fatty acids (VFA) content were analyzed in the ruminal fluid at 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours after concentrate supplementation. The pH and ammonia N concentration showed a linear effect with the addition of CSFA. There was no effect observed for the VFA molar concentration after grazing goats were fed with the experimental diet. In conclusion, further research is needed to investigate the addition of CSFA to goat diets because there is evidence that CSFA increases ruminal pH and decreases excess ruminal ammonia without changing the VFA concentration in the rumen fluid.

scholarly journals Effects of Supplemental Fat and Protein Source on Ruminal Fermentation and Nutrient Flow to the Duodenum in Dairy Cows

1997 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.C. Chan ◽  
J.T. Huber ◽  
C.B. Theurer ◽  
Z. Wu ◽  
K.H. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Nutrient Flow ◽  
Supplemental Fat

Effect of different forms of polyunsaturated fatty acids on duodenal and serum fatty acid profiles in sheep

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 595-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Enjalbert ◽  
M. C. Nicot ◽  
D. Griess ◽  
M. Vernay ◽  
R. Moncoulon
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Vaccenic Acid ◽  
Soy Oil ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Serum Fatty Acid ◽  
Calcium Salts ◽  
Physical Form ◽  
Ruminal Biohydrogenation

Four sheep cannulated in the rumen and proximal duodenum were used in a 4 × 4 cross-over design to investigate the effects of ruminal fatty acid (FA) infusion on duodenal and serum FA profiles. The diets were composed of 85.7% natural grassland hay and 8.6% concentrate supplemented with 5.7% soy oil for diet SO, 5.7% emulsified soy oil for diet ESO, 6.7% calcium salts of soy or palm FA for diets CaSSO and CaSP, respectively. Diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isoenergetic; total FA content in dry matter was 6.4–6.6%. Characteristics of ruminal fermentation were not affected by source or physical form of FA. The proportion of stearic acid in the duodenal flow (% of the total C18) was high compared with total diet, e.g., 49.8 vs. 3.5 and 54.3 vs. 9.4% for soy and palm diets, respectively. Ruminal biohydrogenation and unsaturated FA was lower for CaS diets than for SO and ESO diets (48.7 and 60.9 vs. 81.2 and 94.7%, for oleic and linoleic acids, respectively). As a result, trans-vaccenic acid levels in duodenal flow and serum (% or total FA) were lower for the CaS diets than for SO and ESO diets (8.3 vs. 36.0% and 0.9 vs. 7.8%, respectively). Unsaturated FA as CaS were partly protected against ruminal biohydrogenation, and can be effective in increasing intestinal absorption of unsaturated FA. Key words: Unsaturated fatty acids, soy oil, calcium salts, biohydrogenation, sheep

scholarly journals Calcium salts of long-chain fatty acids from linseed oil decrease methane production by altering the rumen microbiome in vitro

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0242158
Author(s):  
Yoshiaki Sato ◽  
Kento Tominaga ◽  
Hirotatsu Aoki ◽  
Masayuki Murayama ◽  
Kazato Oishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Calcium Salts ◽  
Rumen Microbiome ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Calcium salts of long-chain fatty acids (CSFA) from linseed oil have the potential to reduce methane (CH4) production from ruminants; however, there is little information on the effect of supplementary CSFA on rumen microbiome as well as CH4 production. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of supplementary CSFA on ruminal fermentation, digestibility, CH4 production, and rumen microbiome in vitro. We compared five treatments: three CSFA concentrations—0% (CON), 2.25% (FAL) and 4.50% (FAH) on a dry matter (DM) basis—15 mM of fumarate (FUM), and 20 mg/kg DM of monensin (MON). The results showed that the proportions of propionate in FAL, FAH, FUM, and MON were increased, compared with CON (P < 0.05). Although DM and neutral detergent fiber expressed exclusive of residual ash (NDFom) digestibility decreased in FAL and FAH compared to those in CON (P < 0.05), DM digestibility-adjusted CH4 production in FAL and FAH was reduced by 38.2% and 63.0%, respectively, compared with that in CON (P < 0.05). The genera Ruminobacter, Succinivibrio, Succiniclasticum, Streptococcus, Selenomonas.1, and Megasphaera, which are related to propionate production, were increased (P < 0.05), while Methanobrevibacter and protozoa counts, which are associated with CH4 production, were decreased in FAH, compared with CON (P < 0.05). The results suggested that the inclusion of CSFA significantly changed the rumen microbiome, leading to the acceleration of propionate production and the reduction of CH4 production. In conclusion, although further in vivo study is needed to evaluate the reduction effect on rumen CH4 production, CSFA may be a promising candidate for reduction of CH4 emission from ruminants.

Digestion, ruminal metabolism, and feeding behavior of buffaloes fed diets supplemented with soybean oil, whole and raw soybean, and calcium salts of fatty acids

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Fialho de Aragão Bulcão ◽  
Henry Daniel Ruiz Alba ◽  
Gleidson Giordano Pinto de Carvalho ◽  
Maria Leonor Garcia Melo Lopes de Araújo ◽  
Jefferson Rodrigues Gandra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Calcium Salts

scholarly journals Short-Term Variations of C18:1 Trans Fatty Acids in Plasma Lipoproteins and Ruminal Fermentation Parameters of Non-Lactating Cows Subjected to Ruminal Pulses of Oils

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 788
Author(s):  
Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez ◽  
Juan J. Loor ◽  
Philip C. Garnsworthy
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Trans Fatty Acids ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Plasma Lipoproteins ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Fermentation Parameters ◽  
Partially Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil

The objective of this study was to evaluate short-term variations of trans fatty acids (TFA) in plasma lipoproteins and ruminal fermentation parameters of non-lactating cows subjected to ruminal pulses of vegetable oils. Three non-lactating, non-pregnant Holstein cows, each with a ruminal cannula, were arranged in a 3 × 3 Latin square design with three-day pulsing periods and four-day washout intervals between treatments. Cows were treated with single ruminal pulses of: (1) control (skimmed milk (SM); 500 mL); (2) soybean oil (SO; 250 g/d in 500 mL of SM) and (3) partially-hydrogenated vegetable oil (PHVO; 250 g/d in 500 mL of SM). Time changes after infusion in TFA contents were only observed for plasma C18:1 trans-4, trans-5 and trans-12, and high-density lipoprotein fraction C18:1 trans-9. After ruminal pulses, concentration of acetate decreased linearly; molar concentrations of propionate and valerate increased linearly; molar concentrations of butyrate and isovalerate changed quadratically and were greater at 1 h than at other times. There was an accumulation of several C18:1 TFA in plasma and lipoproteins, especially on the third day of pulsing. Overall, naturally occurring C18:1 TFA isomers (produced during ruminal biohydrogenation of SO) and preformed TFA (supplied by PHVO) elicited differential TFA partitioning and transport in plasma and lipoproteins.

scholarly journals Feeding diversified protein sources exacerbates hepatic insulin resistance via increased gut microbial branched-chain fatty acids and mTORC1 signaling in obese mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Béatrice S.-Y. Choi ◽  
Noëmie Daniel ◽  
Vanessa P. Houde ◽  
Adia Ouellette ◽  
Bruno Marcotte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Hepatic Insulin Resistance ◽  
Branched Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Mtorc1 Signaling ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Mixed Protein ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

AbstractAnimal models of human diseases are classically fed purified diets that contain casein as the unique protein source. We show that provision of a mixed protein source mirroring that found in the western diet exacerbates diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance by potentiating hepatic mTORC1/S6K1 signaling as compared to casein alone. These effects involve alterations in gut microbiota as shown by fecal microbiota transplantation studies. The detrimental impact of the mixed protein source is also linked with early changes in microbial production of branched-chain fatty acids (BCFA) and elevated plasma and hepatic acylcarnitines, indicative of aberrant mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. We further show that the BCFA, isobutyric and isovaleric acid, increase glucose production and activate mTORC1/S6K1 in hepatocytes. Our findings demonstrate that alteration of dietary protein source exerts a rapid and robust impact on gut microbiota and BCFA with significant consequences for the development of obesity and insulin resistance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document