scholarly journals The Effects of Accelerated Growth Rates and Estrogen Implants in Prepubertal Holstein Heifers on Growth, Feed Efficiency, and Blood Parameters

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (8) ◽  
pp. 1746-1752 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.P. Lammers ◽  
A.J. Heinrichs ◽  
R.S. Kensinger
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Accelerated Growth ◽  
Estrogen Implants

scholarly journals Passive transfer of immunity in dairy calves with additional consumption of immunoglobulin through colostrum supplement: effects in health and performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marília Ribeiro De Paula ◽  
Giovana Simão Slanzon ◽  
Natália Sobreira ◽  
Carla Maris Machado Bittar
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Passive Transfer ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Immune Globulins ◽  
And Performance

SUMMARY The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of additional consumption of immuneglobulins associated with high quality colostrum in health and performance of dairy calves. After birth, 80 females were randomly assigned to two treatments: MC) high quality colostrum, supplied in a volume corresponding to 15% of birth weight; and MC+S) high quality colostrum (15% of birth weight) + colostrum supplement. Blood parameters were not affected by the additional supply of immune globulins (Ig) by colostrum supplement feeding. The concentrate and total dry matter intakes were not affected by the administration of colostrum supplementation. The additional intake of Ig through the colostrum supplement did not affect the performance or feed efficiency of calves; however, animals doubled their birth weight at the end of the period, as occurred with MC fed calves. Regarding the health, additional supply of Ig did not affect the number of days with diarrhea, days with fever or medicated days. The additional intake of Ig via colostrum supplement in combination with high quality maternal colostrum have not improved immunity or affected the performance and health of dairy calves.

scholarly journals Review of data on hoof growth in normal and laminitic equines suggests a new aetiology for acute laminitis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Developmental Phase ◽  
Dorsal Region ◽  
Dorsal Wall ◽  
Accelerated Growth ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Equine Hoof ◽  
Rates Of Growth ◽  
Insight Into

Background. To gain a greater insight into normal and laminitic hoof growth and to be able to make comparisons between the two groups. Methods. Ten normal and three laminitic equines completed the survey, each hoof was marked with a horizontal file mark in three places, the dorsal wall and each medial and lateral quarter at about 1cm below the coronary band. Measurement of the progression of the file mark was made every 28 days, a total of 1,872 measurements were made. Results. Equine hoof growth rates showed seasonal variation with greater rates of growth during the summer months and slower rates during the winter. In normal horses growth was slower at the quarters compared to the dorsal region but the difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). During the summer months laminitic hoof growth at the quarters was significantly faster than at the laminitic dorsal region (p< 0.05). The rate of accelerated growth at the laminitic quarters reduced during the winter months and was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Discussion. The results of this measurement survey highlighted that laminitic hoof growth is remarkably different at the quarters. This raises the question of when the transition from normal to laminitic hoof growth takes place. Traditionally changes in hoof shape during laminitis have been assumed to be a consequence of the acute phase but this has never been confirmed. The possibility exists that abnormal hoof growth could commence early in the developmental phase, the implications of abnormal hoof growth commencing at this stage are profound. A new etiology for equine laminitis then becomes possible, based on accelerated hoof growth at the quarters inducing the hoof capsule to change in shape; this process would have the capacity to subject the underlying dorsal dermal laminae to forces of extension which would be capable of destroying the laminal interface.

scholarly journals Effect of Pulsed Electric Fields on the Growth and Acidification Kinetics of Lactobacillus delbrueckii Subsp. bulgaricus

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1146
Author(s):  
Kaidi Peng ◽  
Mohamed Koubaa ◽  
Olivier Bals ◽  
Eugène Vorobiev
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Pulsed Electric Fields ◽  
Lactobacillus Delbrueckii ◽  
Accelerated Growth ◽  
Specific Growth Rates ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Lactobacillus Delbrueckii Subsp

The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of pulsed electric fields (PEF) on the growth and acidification kinetics of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus CFL1 during fermentation. The PEF treatments were applied during the fermentation process using a recirculation pump and a PEF treatment chamber coupled with a PEF generator. The medium flow rate through the chamber was first optimized to obtain the same growth and acidification kinetics than the control fermentation without medium recirculation. Different PEF intensities (60–428 V cm−1) were then applied to the culture medium to study the impact of PEF on the cells’ behavior. The growth and acidification kinetics were recorded during the fermentation and the specific growth rates µ, pH, and acidification rate (dpH/dt) were assessed. The results obtained showed a biphasic growth by applying high PEF intensities (beyond 285 V cm−1) with the presence of two maximal specific growth rates and a decrease in the acidification activities. It was demonstrated that the cells were stressed during the PEF treatment, but presented an accelerated growth after stopping it, leading thereby to similar absorbance and pH at the end of the fermentation. These results show the great potential of PEF technology to be applied to generate low acidified products by performing PEF-assisted fermentations.

Attained Size and Growth Rate of Female Volleyball Players between 9 and 13 Years of Age

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. Malina
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Growth Status ◽  
School Year ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
Tall Girls ◽  
Accelerated Growth ◽  
Average Body

The growth status and rate of a mixed-longitudinal sample (N = 19) of female volleyball players 9–13 years of age were compared to reference data for the general population. The athletes were measured at the beginning and end of the school year. Growth rates in stature and weight adjusted to 6-month intervals were calculated. The results indicate mean statures that are above U.S. reference medians and mean weights that are near the medians (i.e., tall girls with average body weights). Estimated half-year growth rates in stature and weight from 10.0–13.0 years closely match the respective medians of the Fels longitudinal study. The data thus suggest that the larger body size of young volleyball players is not a function of accelerated growth rate during these early adolescent ages and, thus, not due to earlier maturation; body size is likely genotypic and probably reflects selection at relatively young ages for the size demands of the sport.

scholarly journals Accelerated growth rates of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation

Cancer ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 2095-2100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Itsuo Yokoyama ◽  
Brian Carr ◽  
Hideki Saitsu ◽  
Shunzaburo Iwatsuki ◽  
Thomas E. Starzl
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Accelerated Growth

Effects of phytase supplementation of phosphorus-adequate, lysine-deficient, wheat-based diets on growth performance of weaner pigs

2003 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 323 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. Selle ◽  
D. J. Cadogan ◽  
W. L. Bryden
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Protein Utilisation ◽  
Microbial Phytase ◽  
Available Lysine ◽  
Density Ratios ◽  
Weaner Pigs

The effects of microbial phytase supplementation of phosphorus-adequate, wheat-based diets with available lysine : energy density ratios ranging from 0.75 to 0.90 g available lysine/MJ DE on growth performance of weaner pigs were investigated in 3 studies. In the first study, increasing levels of dietary phytate depressed growth rates (P < 0.08) and efficiency of feed conversion (P < 0.01) and phytase supplementation enhanced growth rates (P < 0.05) and tended to improve feed efficiency (P < 0.15). There were no significant interactions between dietary phytate and phytase inclusion to support the hypothesis that dietary substrate levels of phytate govern responses to phytase. However, in this and other studies, percentage increases in efficiency of feed conversion generated by phytase were positively correlated to dietary phytate concentrations to a significant extent (P < 0.005), so it is possible that dietary substrate levels are of importance to the magnitude of responses following phytase supplementation. Diets with 3 levels of protein, expressed as 0.80, 0.85, and 0.90 g available lysine/MJ DE, were offered to pigs without and with phytase in the second study. Protein/amino acid levels or lysine : energy density ratios did not influence growth performance, which was not expected. However, phytase tended to increase growth rates (P < 0.08) and improved feed efficiency (P < 0.01). Although it is believed that phytase may have a positive influence on protein utilisation, this was not demonstrated in this experiment. In the third study, the simultaneous inclusion of phytase and xylanase feed enzymes in wheat-based weaner diets did not increase growth performance responses in comparison with phytase alone. Individually, phytase improved feed efficiency (P < 0.05) and numerically increased growth rates (P < 0.25). Although responses in growth performance of weaner pigs following phytase supplementation lacked consistency, they were generally positive and indicative of anti-nutritive properties of phytate that are unrelated to P availability. That these positive responses were observed in diets with suboptimal available lysine : energy density ratios is consistent with the possibility that phytate has a negative influence on protein utilisation, which is ameliorated by phytase. However, these antinutritive effects and their underlying mechanisms need to be better defined if full advantage of the potential protein-sparing effects of microbial phytase is to be taken.

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