scholarly journals Solution of the Dependence on Land Finance with the New-type Local Taxation System

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 63-73
Author(s):  
Fuqiang Zhang ◽  
Zeqin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Administrative Authority ◽  
Local Taxation ◽  
Chinese Characteristics ◽  
Fiscal Revenue ◽  
New Type ◽  
National Congress ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Taxation System

The Third Plenary Session of the Eighteenth CPC National Congress put forward again that we should adhere to the new path of urbanization with Chinese characteristics, which has attr acted the attention at home and abroad. In the past, the urbanization of our country mainly demonstrated as "land urbanization", which led to the emergence of the local government land finance, widened the gap between urban and rural development, manifeste d interests contradiction between urban and rural areas. Therefore, it is necessary to guarantee that local governments have sufficient sources of fiscal revenue in order to break dependence on land finance for the purpose of making the construction of the new type urbanization becoming the engine for the economic growth in China. The corresponding specific measures are: first, we should perfect the legislation; second, we should straighten out the fiscal power and the administrative authority between the c entral and local governments harmoniously; the last and most important one is that local governments are authorized to adopt the innovative measure of "municipal securities and local taxation system”.

A Study on Low-Carbon and Environmentally-Friendly Urbanization Path under the Perspective of Ecological Civilization

2014 ◽  
Vol 962-965 ◽  
pp. 1722-1725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Ecological Civilization ◽  
Chinese Characteristics ◽  
New Type ◽  
People First ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Laws And Policies ◽  
Ecological Remediation

Urbanization is the developing focus of China for the full establishment of well-to-do society before 2020. However, China’s urbanization faces challenges: large population, relative resource shortage, weak ecological environment, and the imbalance between urban and rural areas, etc. Therefore, China’s urbanization construction must take ecological civilization as the dominant idea, adhere to the principle of people first and fair sharing, take intensive, intelligent, green and low-carbon development path, make scientific planning, formulate laws and policies, and intensify environmental protection and ecological remediation. In addition, it’s also necessary to overcome the erroneous tendency of rash advance and follow the development law of urbanization so as to find a new-type urbanization path with Chinese characteristics.

scholarly journals The Integration of New-Type Urbanization and Rural Revitalization Strategies in China: Origin, Reality and Future Trends

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Mingxing Chen ◽  
Yuan Zhou ◽  
Xinrong Huang ◽  
Chao Ye
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Bias ◽  
New Era ◽  
Chinese Characteristics ◽  
Evolution Characteristics ◽  
Rural Revitalization ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
New Type ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Reform And Opening Up

New-type urbanization and rural revitalization have gradually become national strategies, and are an objective requirement for China to be able to enter into a new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics and also an inevitable result of the integration of new-type urbanization and rural development in the new stage. This paper reviews the classic theories and cognition of the research on urban–rural relations at home and abroad, and outlines the stage evolution characteristics of urban–rural relations in China. It is believed that urban-biased urbanization has widened the development gap between urban and rural areas since reform and opening up. Under the guidance of the two strategies of new-type urbanization and rural revitalization, urban and rural areas have transitioned from “one-way flow” to “bilateral interaction”, and from “urban bias” to “urban–rural integration”. This paper puts forward a research framework and scientific issues regarding the integration of new-type urbanization and rural revitalization from multidisciplinary perspectives. The integration of these two major strategies will contribute to a new situation of the coordinated and high-quality development of urban and rural areas in the new era.

Współpraca gmin obwarzankowych na płaszczyźnie gospodarczej. Zarys problemu

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-259
Author(s):  
Lech Jańczuk
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Rural Municipality ◽  
Research Hypothesis ◽  
Economic Level ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Rural Municipalities ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

There are “urban-rural municipalities” in Polish administration nomenclature. They are territorial units where urban and rural areas have one name and one local government. There are also urban and rural municipalities that have one name but different local governments. That neighborhood of municipalities in Polish may be described as “municipalities bagel”. The aim of this article was to investigate whether and to what extent the “municipalities bagel” cooperate (coordinate) the exercising public tasks on the economic level. The article attempts to verify the research hypothesis: in “municipalities bagel” there is a lack of coordination of the exercising public tasks”. The research method was a diagnostic survey in which the questionnaire was conducted. In December 2019, questionnaire forms were sent to all “municipalities bagel” in Poland. The results of the research indicated a lack of coordination in the performance of public tasks between “municipalities bagel”. The result is a reduction of the efficiency of performance of public duties in such municipalities. The “municipalities bagel” are functionally related areas. This link is characterized by the subordination of the interests of the rural municipality (especially economic). The development of bagel rural communes is determined by the development and cooperation with their urban counterparts.

Rethinking China’s Rural Revitalization from a Historical Perspective

2020 ◽  
pp. 009614422095209
Author(s):  
Siu Wai Wong ◽  
Bo-sin Tang ◽  
Jinlong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Chinese Society ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
Contemporary China ◽  
Chinese City ◽  
Rural Revitalization ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
New Type ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Rural revitalization calls for a new type of urban–rural relations in urbanizing China. Although the importance of urban–rural dichotomy has received increasing attention by scholars interested in studying urban development and governance in contemporary China, their interpretations about the connection between urban and rural areas remain fragmented and ambiguous. This article seeks to trace the origin of the Chinese city and its relations with the countryside in the imperial era. It generates a more complete understanding of the rural–urban relationship in the traditional Chinese society and to appeal for a more rounded research agenda for the Chinese urbanization based on a sound historical perspective. The findings of this study explain why and how the traditional urban–rural continuum has disappeared in contemporary China, and identifies the key lessons and wisdoms that we can borrow from the imperial era when we come to tackle the present urban–rural development.

Growth of Census Towns in Capital Region of India

2018 ◽  
pp. 109-129
Author(s):  
Manisha Jain ◽  
Jörg Knieling
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Census Data ◽  
National Level ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
National Capital Region ◽  
Capital Region ◽  
National Capital ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Managing urban growth has become one of the important challenges of the 21st century in the Global South, where agglomerations are being formed by the coalescence of urban and rural areas. The scale and speed of transformation have outstripped the capacity of local governments to provide adequate basic amenities. Using the National Capital Region as a case study, and census data and spatial boundaries, this chapter attempts to understand the process of urbanization underway in India. Results show that the region is currently in the stage of sub-urbanization, and that recent growth has been predominantly in ‘census towns' as informal urbanization. Three main reforms are required to achieve sustainable urbanization: First, integration of infrastructure development into spatial planning at the national level and in lower tiers of planning. Second, empowering local authorities to incentivize urban development in order to fund urban infrastructure. Third, notifying census towns with municipalities, thereby providing for urban infrastructure and controlling unplanned growth.

Application and Development of Solar Street Lamp in China

2015 ◽  
Vol 734 ◽  
pp. 952-955
Author(s):  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Zhao Rong Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Street Lamp ◽  
New Type ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

As a new type of energy, solar power has been increasingly noticed. Solar cells have been applied to beacon even in the early 1970s. Solar street lamps, in order to solve the problem of powerless, have been widely used in Tibet, Xinjiang, Qinghai, Inner Mongolia, moreover, extended to other urban and rural areas. Meanwhile, only clearly understand the structure and working principle of solar street lamps, can we accurately make full use of them, rather than waste resources caused by arbitrary using. Additionally, deepen knowledge of precaution and problem-solving by using solar street lights is pretty important.

Improving the Quality of China's Urbanization Through New-Type Urbanization

2014 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
pp. 1450011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benfan LIANG ◽  
Mengmei CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
National Development ◽  
Housing Price ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Ecological Civilization ◽  
Basic Point ◽  
New Type ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Fog and haze have attacked Beijing many times, while the rise in population is causing overcrowding, high housing price, and the concern about environmental problems occur in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and other cities. What's more, the development of small and medium towns becomes weaker, and the "Dual structure" phenomenon in both between urban and rural areas and within the city is intensified. In this situation, people lose confidence and doubt about the "Urbanization". This paper discusses the scientific connotation of new-type urbanization and puts forward the basic point of improving the quality of China's urbanization through new-type urbanization. This paper is of far-reaching strategic meaning and historical significance for the implementation of new-type urbanization national development planning, as well as the promotion of China's low-carbon ecological civilization construction.

scholarly journals Climate hazards in small and medium cities in the Amazon Delta and Estuary: challenges for resilience

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-212
Author(s):  
Ana C B De Lima ◽  
Oriana Almeida ◽  
Miguel Pinedo-Vasquez ◽  
Tien Ming Lee ◽  
Sergio Rivero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Census Data ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Small Cities ◽  
Climate Vulnerability ◽  
Climate Hazards ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Adaptive Actions

Recent research on climate vulnerability in cities in the Amazon Delta and Estuary (ADE) shows that about 1.2 million people are at risk of flooding due to the rapid unplanned occupation of lowlands and the absence of investment in infrastructure and services. In this study, we use secondary climate and census data, interviews and focus groups in four small cities in the Amazon Delta and Estuary (SCADEs), to discuss how residents and local governments perceive and respond to climate hazards and their implications. These SCADEs may be better equipped than other urban areas to deal with challenges brought by climate change, due partially to residents’ high mobility between urban and rural areas and a tradition of adaptive actions in a dynamic social and environmental context. However, persistent flooding and sinkholes demonstrate the limited capacity of local governments to cope with the dynamics of accelerated occupation of floodplain areas in SCADEs.

scholarly journals Enhancing Food Security by Institutionalizing Collaborative Food Alliances in Urban Areas

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 4103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vibhas Sukhwani ◽  
Arie Nurzaman ◽  
Nadia Paramitha Kusumawardhani ◽  
Anwaar Mohammed AlHinai ◽  
Liu Hanyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Policy Coordination ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Multi Stakeholder ◽  
Key Aspects

Narrowing the food supply-demand gaps between urban and rural areas within a regional space has today become a serious challenge due to the growing urban population. Resultantly, urban markets are increasingly being dominated by industrial food chains, despite their negative socio-environmental impacts. To address this issue, this paper discusses the need and significance of ‘Collaborative Food Alliances’ (CFAs), which promote the direct supply of food products from rural farmers to urban residents through improved producer–consumer relationships. Based on the literature survey, this study underlines that the current CFAs are confronted with several challenges including the small scale of functioning and limited financing. While the current research on CFAs is focused on theoretical place-based studies, this paper argues that institutionalization of CFAs at a large scale is highly important for enhancing food security in urban areas. It mainly deliberates on two key aspects: (a) The process of institutionalizing CFAs and (b) A feasible financing mechanism to support CFAs. This paper emphasizes that urban local governments have a central role to play in institutionalizing CFAs, either as a lead agency or as a facilitator. It concludes with specific suggestions on three key determinants of multi-stakeholder engagement, financial constraints and policy coordination at a regional level.

Growth of Census Towns in Capital Region of India

2018 ◽  
pp. 23-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manisha Jain ◽  
Jörg Knieling
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Census Data ◽  
National Level ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
National Capital Region ◽  
Capital Region ◽  
National Capital ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Managing urban growth has become one of the important challenges of the 21st century in the Global South, where agglomerations are being formed by the coalescence of urban and rural areas. The scale and speed of transformation have outstripped the capacity of local governments to provide adequate basic amenities. Using the National Capital Region as a case study, and census data and spatial boundaries, this chapter attempts to understand the process of urbanization underway in India. Results show that the region is currently in the stage of sub-urbanization, and that recent growth has been predominantly in ‘census towns' as informal urbanization. Three main reforms are required to achieve sustainable urbanization: First, integration of infrastructure development into spatial planning at the national level and in lower tiers of planning. Second, empowering local authorities to incentivize urban development in order to fund urban infrastructure. Third, notifying census towns with municipalities, thereby providing for urban infrastructure and controlling unplanned growth.

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