scholarly journals Between tradition and modernity: Lauddin and his “Story of the Young Captain” (commented translation and research article)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1352-1398
Author(s):  
Lubov V. Goriaeva
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Russian Translation ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Literary Context ◽  
Research Article

The publication (a research article and Russian translation) deals with the earliest specimen of Malay documentary prose, the memoirs of a non-professional author Lauddin, who came from a prosperous merchant family. The book describes actual historical events, which took place in the mid 18th century: the dramatic rivalry between the Dutch and the British in the Java and Sumatra regions. This rivalry was crucial for Lauddin’s fate as that of his father and brothers. In terms of its content, Lauddin's work can certainly be considered innovative. At the same time, a truthful story about events in which he himself was a witness or participant is built according to the laws of the Malay epic narrative. The book traces parallels with such classics as the “Chronicle of the Kings of Pasai”, “Malay Annals”, and “The Tale of Hang Tuah”. Thus, Lauddin shows that he sticks to the canon and, willingly or unwillingly, includes his memoirs in the traditional literary context.

scholarly journals Acribia and Ameleia: The Context (or Lack Thereof) for Vasily Adodurov’s Grammar

Slovene ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 263-299
Author(s):  
Andrei A. Kostin
Keyword(s):  
German Text ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Russian Translation ◽  
Original Text ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Collective Work ◽  
History Of ◽  
Short Essay ◽  
Grammatical Tradition

The article offers some corrections to Vassily Adodurov’s Anfangs-Gründe der Russischen Sprache (1731), as edited by S. S. Volkov and K. A. Filippov in 2014. There is one thing to note regarding the quality of this edition. On page 7, the editors list the typographical errors they corrected when working with the original text. The list they present has four items and contains a total of six errors , which are actually misreadings by the editors themselves as well as typos they appear to have introduced during the production of the book (including that they cite pages 49 and 51 of the 48-page original). The work, produced by a team of ten, consists of different sections: four prefatory essays; a facsimile reprint of the 1731 original; a rendition into modern typeset with a Russian translation; two indexes; and three supplements. These multiple parts are poorly coordinated and, overall, can be evaluated as ranging from being somewhat acceptable to being defective. The editors knowingly and without any explicit polemics ignore the original conception of the history of Petersburg Academy’s Russian grammar in the 1720s and 1730s that was offered by Helmut Keipert (2002) and has been accepted by most scholars. Whereas Keipert’s fundamental work presents multiple Russian grammars created in St. Petersburg in this period as the product of collective work, conducted mostly by and for German speakers, the editors of the volume under review tend to see the Anfangs-Gründe as an individual work, an “original grammar produced by V. E. Adodurov.” Any extensive comparison of the Anfangs-Gründe with other early Petersburg grammars would demonstrate the dependence of this short essay on the more profound work of its predecessors. The present edition has almost no commentary; of the five commentaries included in the volume, two are erratic, one is obvious, one shows that the editors are new to the typographical term custos, and only one—dealing with Lomonosov’s use of examples from the Anfangs-Gründe for his Russian Grammar (1755)—makes any sense. The German text in modern typeset is extremely poorly prepared: in the first 23 (of 46) pages there are 34 significant typos and omissions that take the place of the 5 typos corrected from the original. This only underscores the observation that the 18th-century German Gothic typeface is obscure for the editors. The two indexes are partly unusable; not only are both full of omissions (the index of Russian examples omits almost 10% of the forms in the original, including more than half of the words starting with the letter Z as well as most of the examples for superlative and even the verb form bytʹ), but furthermore, the ‘Index of Grammar Terms’ is not what it says it is. The correct title would be ‘Index of Latin Grammar Terms,’ for it does not include German terms, with the result that there are no listings for terms relating to phonetics, normative style, etc. The text of the 1738‒1740 grammar of the St. Petersburg Academy Gymnasium in the final supplement, although carefully retyped from B. A. Uspensky’s book (1975), omits all of its commentaries—both explanatory and textological—which leads to presenting without comment letter sequences such as rereniiakhʺ, imennno, navodishishʹ, etc. The article also discusses principles for the study and publication of the entire body of works that present the St. Petersburg grammatical tradition of the period from the 1730s to the 1750s. Appendices to this article include publication of Adodurov’s note on er and erʹ (1737) and the major corrections to the text of Russian grammar (1738–1740) from the St. Petersburg Academy Gymnasium as published by Uspensky in 1975.

scholarly journals “A Strange Romance,” or Abelard and Héloïse in Russia of the 18th Century

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-127
Author(s):  
Natalia M. Dolgorukova ◽  
Kseniia V. Babenko ◽  
Anna P. Gaydenko
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Russian Translation ◽  
Original Text ◽  
Similar Transformation ◽  
Medieval Text

The article gives an analysis of the first Russian translation of Abelard and Héloïse’s letters (The Collection of Abelard and Héloïse’s Letters with the Life Description of These Miserable Lovers) made by A.I. Dmitriev in 1783 from Count Bussy-Raboutin’s French retelling. A comparative analysis of Dmitriev’s translation with the original text shows the conventional character of their connection. Following Bussy, Dmitriev not always sticks to the Latin original even in the main storylines. Even if he retains the canvas of the original medieval text, he supplements it with countless details: a portrait of a lover, a tear-drenched letter, mad passion. A similar transformation takes place with the Historia Calamitatum in the retelling made by Augustus von Kotzebue. In prefaces both authors designate their works as “female” reading. The interest in the story of two lovers is probably caused by the recent release of J.-J. Rousseau’s Julie, or the New Heloise. The choice of material, the nature of its adaptation, the appeal to women and the circumstances of the publication of Dmitriev’s translation and Kotzebue’s retelling demonstrate the commitment of these authors to sentimentalism, which explains their desire to cause tears in the eyes of their readers.

Allusions to the Victim and Sacrifice in the Andrey Kurbsky’s History and Reception of the 17th — Early 18th Centuries

2021 ◽  
pp. 186-207
Author(s):  
Alexey I. Popovich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Literary Context ◽  
History Of ◽  
Interpretation Process ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Ivan The Terrible ◽  
Definition Of

The literary topoi and allusions to the victim and sacrifice in the biblical and historical context at the same time played a great role for Andrey Kurbsky as a traditionalist and innovator writer in the embodiment of the complex author’s intention of the History of the Grand Prince of Moscow (the second half of the 16th century). The article notes that the writer distinguishes, as opposites, the axiology of sacrificial feat for power doer and persecuted heroes. The article reveals the diverse reception of the author’s interpretation by readers and scribes of History. Kurbsky’s contemporaries and readers of the late 17th — early 18th century had different attitudes toward Kurbsky’s definition of the personality of Ivan the Terrible who makes unrighteous victims and the characterization of people affected by him as new martyrs. The rich handwritten tradition of History, including as part of the Kurbsky Collections, contributed to the emergence of new reader’s interpretations based on literary topoi and allusions used by Kurbsky. The intellectuals of the ‘transitional’ period A.S. Matveev, Evfimy Chudovsky, A.I. Lyzlov, V.V. Golitsyn and others were involved in this process. Textological and typological comparisons of certain monuments and Kurbsky’s History contributed to a deeper understanding of the literary context of the time when the prince’s writings spread. The study also helped to determine which Kurbsky’s ideas about the victim and sacrifice remained relevant for members of different class groups, and which were leveled out and outdated in the text interpretation process.

Rainforest villages, eighteenth-century history

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 792-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Price
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Memory Devices ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
First Time ◽  
New Settlements

Based on long term ethnographic work with the Saamaka, and with the benefit of hindsight, this paper unpacks the specific ways in which the descendants of these Suriname Maroons have constructed and transmitted the historical knowledge of their 18th-century ancestors, who escaped slave plantations and confronted the colonial powers from their new settlements in the depth of the forest. In the process, they created an original memory of these historical events— First-Time or Fesiten knowledge—and managed to keep it alive. The article explores the specific ontology, frames and idioms of this historical knowledge, as well as its ideological role, the (dis)connections to hegemonic colonial memory devices, its evolution in time, the ways of transmission, and the memory specialists that have kept and circulated it.

scholarly journals Historicodogmatic Treatise by Elias Meniates and its 18th-century Serbian Translators from Greek

Slovene ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dzhamilia N. Ramazanova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Russian Translation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Slavic Languages ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Translation ◽  
The One ◽  
Catholic Churches

The article discusses the history of translation by the 18th-century Serbian translators of the Greek treatise “Πέτρα σκανδάλου” (“Rock of Offence”) written by the theologian and preacher Elias Meniates (1667–1714) in which he deals with the causes of interconfessional polemic between the Orthodox and the Catholic Churches. The history of these translations is placed within the context of interest in Meniates’ works, evidenced in Europe and in the Christian East throughout the 18th century. The vivid style and argumentation of Meniates inspired Stefan Pisarev, inter alia, to translate “Πέτρα σκανδάλου” into Russian, which he did in 1744. In the focus of our research are manuscripts stored in several Serbian libraries and archive collections, namely, manuscripts of “Πέτρα σκανδάλου” translations made by Jovan Mladenović (in 1742) and Vićentije Rakić (in 1797/98). In the study we present, the biographies of the two authors of these unpublished translations are traced and defined more accurately. At the final stage of the study, we correlate the historical settings and probable reasons motivating Mladenović and Rakić to make the Serbian translations of the Greek treatise “Πέτρα σκανδάλου”, on the one hand, and the factors leading to the emergence of a Russian translation of the same treatise by Pisarev, on the other. As believed by the author of this article, the aforementioned translations will serve as a valuable linguistic source for historians of Slavic languages and letters in their comparative studies.

scholarly journals Extracts on the history of the Golden Horde from the Shajar-yi turk va mugūl

2021 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-146
Author(s):  
Z. Tulibayeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
History Of ◽  
Similarities And Differences

The article analyzes information on the history of the Golden Horde, contained in the seventh article of historical work of Abū al-Gāzī khan Chīngīzī Khvārazmī the Shajara-yi turk va mugūl, which is one of the most significant monuments of Turkic written heritage. The purpose of the study is the introduction into scientific circulation of a new translation of valuable material on the history of the Chingizids. The work Shajara-yi turk va mugūl is well known to scientists as the text of the manuscript. Its translations have been being published numerously in European, Asian countries, and in Russia since the second quarter of the 18th century. Translations by J. J. P. Desmaisons and G. S. Sablukov into French and Russian published in 1874 and 1906 are still recognized by scientists to a certain extent acceptable for critical use. However, it should be emphasized that in the text of these two publications, there are some errors and semantic distortions of the source’s text. In this regard, the article provides a commented translation of the seventh chapter of Abū al-Gāzī khan’s work under the title “Mention of the reign of Jochi Khan, the eldest son of Genghis Khan, and his descendants in Desht-i Kipchāk”. The comparative-critical analysis of the information of the Shajara-yi turk va mugūl with the data of the works of Rashīd ad-Dīn, Mu’īn al-Dīn Natanzī, Mirza Ulūgbek, Fasih Ahmad al-Khawāfī made it possible to reveal the similarities and differences in the account of the historical events described by the authors. Abū alGāzī khan, using extant sources, supplemented the history of the rulers of the Golden Horde with individual facts; the Khiva work contains information missing from other authors.

scholarly journals ON RUSSIAN TRANSLATIONS OF DAGESTAN HISTORIC WORKS «DERBEND-NAMEH» AND «DARBAND-NAMA-YI JADID» (historiographic aspect)

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
G M-R Orazaev
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Russian Translation ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Republic Of Georgia ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Jewish Scholar ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Early 18Th Century ◽  
The Early 21St Century

The article presents a historiographic review of various Russian translations of two Dagestan historic works - Muhammad AvabiAktashi’s «Derbend-nameh» and Mirza-HaidarVezirov’s «Darband-nama-yijadid» made from the early 18th century to the early 21st century. The author calls attention to the translations, which are still in handwritten form and have not yet been studied by scientists. Particular attention is also paid to those Russian translations that were published in incomplete or full versions. The first Russian translation of the «Book of Derbent» was done by Peter the Great’s companion YusupIzhbulatov in 1726, however, it remained unpublished. Among unpublished translations there are two manuscripts stored in the National Manuscript Center of the Republic of Georgia and the translation done in 1886 or 1887 by the famous Mountain-Jewish scholar I.Sh. Anisimov. The collection of unpublished Russian translations done by the staff of the Dagestan Scientific Institute in the 1930s is stored in the funds of the Scientific Archives of our Institute. The places of their storage in various cities - Petersburg, Moscow, Tbilisi, Makhachkala - are pointed out in the article. Some texts were published by the authors of Russian translations - Abas-Kuli Bakikhanov, Alexandra Kozlova, Maksud Alikhanov-Avarsky, Patimat Alibekova, Magomed-Said Saidov, Amri Shikhsaidov, Alikber Alikberov, Gasan Orazaev. Of particular interest to researchers is the translation of those lists of the «Derbend-nameh», in which there is a preface of Muhammad Avabi Aktashi from Endirei, the author of the historic work «Derbend-Nameh». It should be noted that the translations of this work into Russian were done not only from the Turkic language, in which the «Derbend-nameh» was written, but also from the Arabic language, in which it was presented many times.

scholarly journals The little known version about conquest of Siberia by Ermak in the works of European of the end 17th–18th centuries in the Russian publications

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Borisenko ◽  
Yu. S. Khudyakov
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Military Force ◽  
Ural Mountains ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Northern Asia ◽  
River Region ◽  
History Of

Purpose. It is analyzed in the article the historical data about campaign of the Cossack troop commanded by ataman Yermak into Siberia and about initial period of annexation of Western Siberian lands to the Czardom of Moscovy. They are contained in the works of the European authors, who wrote their essays in the second half of the 17–18th century. It is recognized by many explorers, that major, the most reliable and informative source, where it is described the events of military campaign of the Russian Cossacks’ troop into Siberia, are the Russian «Siberian Chronicles». However, before those storytelling sources were studied and used by Gerhard Friedrich Miller for description of the history of annexation of Siberia to the Czardom of Moscovy, some data about development of that vast region by the Russian Cossacks and service class people had the great interest for the several other European authors, who wrote in their scientific works about campaign of the Cossack troop of ataman Yermak into Siberian lands. Results. It is contained in these works several little-known sometimes quite original not found in other sources’ data and authors’ opinions highlighting in non-traditional way the historical events, that are related to the campaign of the Russian Cossacks’ troop via the Ural Mountains to Western Siberia, as well as the descriptions of won by the Cossacks’ military successes over forces of the Tatars’ Khanate of Sibir. Some of these works contain data about takeover by the Cossacks of cities and strongholds, belonged to the Siberian Tatars, as well as about cases of capture in the course of hostilities of the Tatar leaders and their relatives, who were deported into Moscow thereafter. The several European authors, who wrote their works in that period about the Russian conquest of Northern Asia, were highly astonished at a quite small troop of the Russian Cossacks could subordinate West Siberian lands, populated by the Tatars. It was utilized quite a small military force for joining of the West lands of Western Siberia to the Czardom of Moscovy. A number of the European researchers have noted in their works that leader of the Cossack troop ataman Yermak was robbing for several years at the Volga River region before he departed to conquer the Tatars’ Khanate of Sibir. Therefore, fearing of persecution by the czarist authorities, later he was obliged to leave with his troop to the Northern Ural Region, and then he committed his well-known campaign to Western Siberia out of there. Conclusion. Data about historical events in the works of the European researchers, related to the conquest of the Khanate of Sibir, serve as an important supplement of historical materials that are contained in the Russian «Siberian Chronicles». Data about historical events, that are related to the period of annexation of Siberian lands to the Russian State and contained in the works of the European chroniclers the second half of the 17th – the beginning of the 18th century, can be used in preparation of synthesizing scientific works on history of Northern Asia.

scholarly journals I. A. Kovanko’s Odes: Poetics in the Literary Context

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-433
Author(s):  
Mariya V. Sinitsyna ◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Literary Context ◽  
Trace Back ◽  
The 19Th Century

The paper considers the peculiarities of I. A. Kovanko’s odes written at the end of the 18th century and the beginning of the 19th century. The reminiscences from G. R. Derzhavin’s and M. V. Lomonosov’s poetry are revealed. The article focuses on the influence of classicism and sentimentalism on Kovanko’s work and the synthesis of heterogeneous elements that trace back to the 18th century poets.

scholarly journals Life of Saint Nikephoros of Sebaze as an Illustration of the Perception of the Iconoclastic Era by the Byzantines in Later Times (Including Russian Translation of the Life)

2020 ◽  
pp. 284-296
Author(s):  
Tatyana Senina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Translation ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Philosophical Hermeneutics ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
The Past ◽  
Imperial Palace ◽  
Individual Traits ◽  
Life Itself ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Church

Introduction. This work is concerned with the perception of the iconoclastic era in the Life of St. Nikephoros of Sebaze preserved in the form of enkomion written by an anonymous author presumably in the mid 10th century, and to clarify some details of Nikephoros’ biography. Methods. Source research and analysis, philosophical hermeneutics, comparative textological and historical research are the methods employed in this work. Sources on the subject include the edition of the Life of St. Nikephoros by F. Halkin, Lives of St. Patriarch Methodios, St. Nicetas of Medikion and St. Makarios of Pelekete, the Chronicle of Theophanes the Confessor. Analysis. The life of St. Nikephoros written in the 10th century by a monk of the monastery of Sebaze illustrates how the iconoclastic era was seen by the next generations who no longer found living witnesses of those times. The hagiographer knows almost nothing certain about his hero, except that he was a monk, suffered for icons in the epoch of the second iconoclasm, and founded a monastery. For ordinary monks in the 10th century, the iconoclastic heresy was associated with the names of emperors Leo III, Constantine V and Leo V, which testifies to the success of the myth created by iconodules in the 9th century that the iconoclastic heresy, unlike the others, was not born in the church environment, but appeared in the imperial palace and was implanted by the authorities without much support from believers. Silence about the last iconoclast emperor Theophilos can be presumably attributed to the success of his posthumous rehabilitation. The past is completely mythologized in the Life: all bishops, priests and monks ardently struggled for their faith, enduring torment and hardship; nothing is said about the Orthodox believers who had fallen into heresy. The hero of the Life itself represented a composite character of a Christian ascetic and confessor of iconoduly completely devoid of individual traits. Results. The analysis of the life shows that by the 10th century the iconoclastic era began to be perceived by believers – at least, by ordinary monks – as the time of epic exploits, and the knowledge of historical events became fragmentary and was based on myths and legends distributed in the church environment rather than real facts. Appendix. The article is accompanied by Russian translation of the Life of St. Nikephoros of Sebaze with a scientific commentary.

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