Socio-Cultural Implications of Son Preference: A Case of Danyor, Gilgit

The study deals with the dilemma of son preference and its causes and consequences. The fieldwork was conducted in village 'Danyor' in Gilgit-Baltistan, for the period of six months. Socio-economic survey was conducted from seventy-five households, detailed in-depth interviews were taken from thirty respondents in addition to 35 case studies. The field findings revealed the prevailing perceptions are sons as powerful and socially strong, owner and successor of family property, old age security for parents, symbol of prestige, custodian of family strength and honor etc. On the contrary, daughters are considered as burden of dowry and financial dependency on parents. The study concludes that son preference results in many discriminatory practices against female child such as abortion of female fetus, high infant mortality, lower status of daughters bearing mother in the family, short birth spacing, high probability of husband's remarriage and increased chances of being divorced.

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China's Skewed Sex Ratio and the One-Child Policy

The China Quarterly ◽

10.1017/s0305741015000375 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 222 ◽

pp. 295-319 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Charis Loh ◽

Elizabeth J. Remick

Keyword(s):

Sex Ratio ◽

International Comparisons ◽

Son Preference ◽

Old Age Security ◽

One Child Policy ◽

Child Policy ◽

Security Practices ◽

Measurable Variable ◽

The Media ◽

The One

AbstractThe media and generalist scholarly work have created a conventional wisdom that China's one-child policy is the driver of the country's skewed sex ratio and so should be relaxed in order to ameliorate the imbalance. However, we show through historical, domestic and international comparisons that son preference, which we treat as an observable and measurable variable made up of labour, ritual, inheritance and old-age security practices and policies, is crucial to explaining the imbalanced sex ratio at birth. China's sex ratio cannot fully normalize without addressing son preference.

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BUDAYA MERANTAU MASYARAKAT DAN PERMASALAHAN PENDAFTARAN PEMILIH PADA PILKADA DI SUMATERA BARAT

Jurnal Antropologi Isu-Isu Sosial Budaya ◽

10.25077/jantro.v20.n2.p157-163.2018 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 157

Author(s):

Mega Ardilla ◽

Asrinaldi Asrinaldi

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Methods ◽

Voter Registration ◽

Voter Participation ◽

Electoral Process ◽

Low Level ◽

Cultural Implications ◽

Electoral Democracy ◽

Right To Vote ◽

Depth Interviews

An accurate, comprehensive and up-to-date voter list is an absolute prerequisite that must fulfill in carrying out electoral democracy. The existence of a correct voter list will improve the quality of the democratic electoral process by opening the most extensive possible space for citizens to exercise their right to vote. The purpose of this study was to find out the cultural implications of migrating the community in Lubuk Tarok sub-district to voter registration with the Dejure pattern. This research was carried out with qualitative methods through in-depth interviews with various informants equipped with existing documents. The results of this study show that due to the de jure pattern in voter registration has caused a large number of voters registered in the permanent voter list, but the voters are not by the KTP address. It is due to the wander culture in the Lubuk Tarok sub-district. Many of the residents of Lubuk Tarok are wandering out, but their population administration still listed in the Tarok. It is caused by many voting invitations to be returned by KPPS because there were no voters registered in the voter list. Also, this also has implications for the low level of voter participation on election day in the Lubuk Tarok sub-district.

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Studi Kualitatif Penyebab Kematian Perinatal

Oksitosin : Jurnal Ilmiah Kebidanan ◽

10.35316/oksitosin.v6i2.494 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 84-91

Author(s):

Deni Maryani

Keyword(s):

Mortality Rate ◽

Perinatal Mortality ◽

Causes Of Death ◽

Perinatal Death ◽

Infant Mortality Rate ◽

Depth Information ◽

High Infant Mortality ◽

Referral Hospitals ◽

Depth Interviews

The ability to administer a nation's health services is measured by determining the high and low maternal and perinatal mortality rates. The perinatal mortality rate is the largest contributor to the high infant mortality rate. WHO estimated that more than 9 million babies die each year before birth and that during the first week of life the 2/3 causes of death originate from preventable causes. The purpose of this study was to study the causes of perinatal death. The type of research used was qualitative research, to obtain in-depth information about how to analyze the causes of perinatal death in Bandung Regency. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, and data reduction, data presentation with source triangulation and method triangulation. Data were analyzed using content analysis, namely comparing the results of research with the theories in the library. The informants in this study were 12 informants. The results showed that the causes of perinatal death were strongly related to the initial place of service not to health facilities, trust in traditional medicine, late referrals, quality of referrals, and facilities for referral hospitals. Keywords: Death, Perinatal, Qualitative ABSTRAK Kemampuan penyelenggaraan pelayanan kesehatan suatu bangsa diukur dengan menentukan tinggi rendahnya angka kematian ibu dan perinatal. Angka kematian perinatal merupakan penyumbang terbesar tingginya angka kematian bayi. Badan kesehatan dunia memperkirakan lebih dari 9 juta bayi setiap tahun meninggal sebelum lahir dan pada minggu pertama kehidupanya dengan penyebab kematian 2/3 nya berasal dari penyebab yang dapat dicegah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penyebab kematian perinatal. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif, untuk mendapatkan informasi yang mendalam tentang bagaimana menganalisis penyebab kematian perinatal di Kabupaten Bandung. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, dan melakukan reduksi data, penyajian data dengan trianggulasi sumber dan trianggulasi metode. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis isi yaitu membandingkan hasil penelitian dengan teori-teori yang ada dikepustakaan. Informan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 11 informan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penyebab kematian perinatal sangat berkaitan dengan tempat pelayanan awal bukan di fasilitas kesehatan, kepercayaan pada pengobatan tradisional, keterlambatan rujukan, kualitas rujukan, dan fasilitas RS tempat rujukan. Kata kunci: Kematian, Perinatal, Kualitatif

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IS THERE SON PREFERENCE IN INDIA? - AN ANALYSIS BASED ON SEX RATIO AT BIRTH AND ORDER OF BIRTH

10.36106/ijar/1418829 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-3

Author(s):

Zabeena Hameed. P

Keyword(s):

Sex Ratio ◽

Old Age ◽

Strong Evidence ◽

Modern Science ◽

Son Preference ◽

Sex Ratio At Birth ◽

Old Age Security ◽

First Child ◽

Normal Expectation ◽

Marginal Improvement

Based on NFHS data, the paper observes that females are significantly under-represented among the births in India. NFHS reports provide strong evidence of decline in sex ratios of the population aged 0-6 and in the Sex Ratio at Birth for births in the five years preceding the survey. Against the normal expectation that the sex of the first child is less likely to be controlled, NFHS provides strong evidence that, the Sex Ratio at Birth for first-born children has been below normal in all its surveys and has been declining steadily, except for NFHS-4, where it registered a marginal improvement. Also, the Sex Ratio at Birth for births at order two is substantially lower than at order one and at any other birth order, revealing strong son preference. The Sex Ratio at Birth for births at order three is also lower than the Sex Ratio at Birth for all births except births of order two, suggesting that substantial proportions of couples with two or three children stop having more children only if their last birth is a boy. Modern science and technology have been widely misused to determine the sex of unborn children and this has ended up in terminating unwanted and burdensome pregnancies. Myopia of individuals and authorities culminated in 'gendercide'. Prosperity effect, breadwinner desire, old age security and religious rights and powers, and a host of other factors ended up in the masculinization of India's population

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“I Can be Who I Am When I Play Tekken 7”: E-sports Women Participants from the Islamic Republic of Pakistan

Games and Culture ◽

10.1177/15554120211005360 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 155541202110053

Author(s):

Umer Hussain ◽

Bo Yu ◽

George B. Cunningham ◽

Gregg Bennett

Keyword(s):

Video Games ◽

Indian Subcontinent ◽

Sports Participation ◽

Online Video ◽

Marginalized Communities ◽

Muslim Countries ◽

Study Participants ◽

Gilgit Baltistan ◽

Online Video Games ◽

Depth Interviews

Extant research on e-sports has focused on the growth and value of the phenomenon, fandom, and participant experiences. However, there is a paucity of e-sports scholarship detailing women’s experiences from marginalized communities living in various conservative Muslim countries. This shortage of literature remains despite different radical Islamic groups’ consistent demand for banning several online video games and the Muslim youth’s resistance to these calls. This study aimed to understand the motives and lived experiences of Muslim women e-sports participants from Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. The authors collected data via observations of online video games and in-depth interviews. The study participants revealed that they use e-sports as a vehicle for an oppositional agency and personal freedom from the patriarchal system. The findings also suggest that participants are facing systematic marginalization and grave intrusion of post-colonization. The study contributes to the limited scholarship concerning Indian subcontinent Muslim women’s e-sports participation.

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Understanding Why Older People Develop a Wish to Die

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000078 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 204-216 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

M. L. Rurup ◽

H. R. W. Pasman ◽

J. Goedhart ◽

D. J. H. Deeg ◽

A. J. F. M. Kerkhof ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older People ◽

Cohort Studies ◽

Conceptual Framework ◽

Life Events ◽

Traumatic Life Events ◽

Quantitative Studies ◽

Wish To Die ◽

Open Coding ◽

Death Wishes ◽

Depth Interviews

Background: Quantitative studies in several European countries showed that 10–20% of older people have or have had a wish to die. Aims: To improve our understanding of why some older people develop a wish to die. Methods: In-depth interviews with people with a wish to die (n = 31) were carried out. Through open coding and inductive analysis, we developed a conceptual framework to describe the development of death wishes. Respondents were selected from two cohort studies. Results: The wish to die had either been triggered suddenly after traumatic life events or had developed gradually after a life full of adversity, as a consequence of aging or illness, or after recurring depression. The respondents were in a situation they considered unacceptable, yet they felt they had no control to change their situation and thus progressively “gave up” trying. Recurring themes included being widowed, feeling lonely, being a victim, being dependent, and wanting to be useful. Developing thoughts about death as a positive thing or a release from problems seemed to them like a way to reclaim control. Conclusions: People who wish to die originally develop thoughts about death as a positive solution to life events or to an adverse situation, and eventually reach a balance of the wish to live and to die.

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A Multidimensional Theory of Suicide

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000508 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 39 (6) ◽

pp. 416-427 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Antoon A. Leenaars ◽

Gudrun Dieserud ◽

Susanne Wenckstern ◽

Kari Dyregrov ◽

David Lester ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multidimensional Model ◽

Psychological Autopsy ◽

Suicide Survivors ◽

Background Theory ◽

Independent Verification ◽

Suicide Notes ◽

Interjudge Reliability ◽

The Relationship ◽

Depth Interviews ◽

Deceased People

Abstract. Background: Theory is the foundation of science; this is true in suicidology. Over decades of studies of suicide notes, Leenaars developed a multidimensional model of suicide, with international (crosscultural) studies and independent verification. Aim: To corroborate Leenaars's theory with a psychological autopsy (PA) study, examining age and sex of the decedent, and survivor's relationship to deceased. Method: A PA study in Norway, with 120 survivors/informants was undertaken. Leenaars' theoretical–conceptual (protocol) analysis was undertaken of the survivors' narratives and in-depth interviews combined. Results: Substantial interjudge reliability was noted (κ = .632). Overall, there was considerable confirmatory evidence of Leenaars's intrapsychic and interpersonal factors in suicide survivors' narratives. Differences were found in the age of the decedent, but not in sex, nor in the survivor's closeness of the relationship. Older deceased people were perceived to exhibit more heightened unbearable intrapsychic pain, associated with the suicide. Conclusion: Leenaars's theory has corroborative verification, through the decedents' suicide notes and the survivors' narratives. However, the multidimensional model needs further testing to develop a better evidence-based way of understanding suicide.

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