scholarly journals Effect of Ownership on Firm Performance in Selected G-20 Countries Across the Development Spectrum.

2019 ◽  
Vol IV (IV) ◽  
pp. 89-98
Author(s):  
Yusuf Amin ◽  
Syed Imran Khan ◽  
Noor Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Development Spectrum ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
Accounting Data ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Expected Performance

This study investigates the effect of ownership on firm performance of state-owned and non-state-owned enterprises in elected G20 countries and across the development spectrum. Annual financial and accounting data from the period 2011-2015 are compiled for 252, state-owned and 6503, non-state-owned enterprises. The empirical results show that state ownership and firm performance are negatively associated with selected G-20countries. This is also confirmed when countries are considered with respect to their level of development except for High-Income countries. The poor performance of state-owned enterprises in less developed countries can be justified by the argument that state-owned enterprises suffer from the intervention of self-oriented politicians, which leads to lower-than-expected performance.

scholarly journals State Ownership and Firm Performance: Evidence From the Chinese Listed Firms

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trien Le ◽  
Amon Chizema
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Transitional Economies ◽  
State Ownership ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Listed Firms ◽  
Low Levels

Based on a sample of Chinese listed firms, this paper seeks to understand the role of state ownership on firm performance (accounting-based returns) and firm value (market-based indicators). Results show that state ownership is positively associated with firm performance. In addition, state ownership has a moderating effect on the association between firm performance and firm value. At low levels of state ownership, firm performance is negatively associated with firm value. However, at high levels of state ownership, the association becomes positive. Drawing on signaling theory, the study helps to understand the role of state ownership in the association between firm performance and firm value, an area that has received minimum attention in research.Specifically, state ownership may be a strategic asset for Chinese listed firms boosting accounting returns but perceived differently by the market.Given the current levels of state ownership in many transitional economies, this study sheds light for policy makers on the effects of high or low levels of state ownership on firm performance and value. Moreover, the study may assist would-be investors who may contemplate investing in privatized SOEs, in China or other countries with similar institutional arrangements.

World Food Security and Non-Aligned Countries

1984 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-56
Author(s):  
B. M. Bhatia
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Food ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Food Imports ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
World Food Security

An important factor of international economic relations today is that the developed market economy countries produce much more food than they need for their own consumption while the developing nations have to import food-grains at heavy cost from the former to feed their growing population. The cereal imports of all developing countries in 1978/79—1979/80 amounted to 86.2 million tonnes. Of this only 9.2 million tonnes was received in food aid from the developed countries;1 the rest had to be paid for. Food imports thus imposed a big strain on the external payments account of the developing countries. That, however, is not the only or even the major problem in the distribution of world food supplies between the developed North and the poor South. Because of their poverty, the average daily energy in-take per person in the latter group of countries in 1974–76 was 2180 Kcal compared to 3315 Kcal in the former. Out of the total population of 2259 million (excluding China) in developing countries, 435 million or over 19 per cent were undernourished.2 At the root of the low levels of food consumption and undernourishment in these countries, lay the poor performance of agriculture. As against 5.4 tonnes per hectare in the developed countries, the average yield of paddy in the developing countries in 1974–76 was 1.9 tonnes and that of wheat 1.9 and 1.3 tonnes respectively.3 The close association between under development, backward agriculture and under-nourishment of a large section of the population needs to be noted.

The Roma in Post-Communist Bulgaria: Growing Social Marginalization and State Policies

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Yorgos Christidis
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Hate Crime ◽  
Hate Speech ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
State Policies ◽  
Social Marginalization ◽  
Popular Support ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
The Poor

This article analyzes the growing impoverishment and marginalization of the Roma in Bulgarian society and the evolution of Bulgaria’s post-1989 policies towards the Roma. It examines the results of the policies so far and the reasons behind the “poor performance” of the policies implemented. It is believed that Post-communist Bulgaria has successfully re-integrated the ethnic Turkish minority given both the assimilation campaign carried out against it in the 1980s and the tragic events that took place in ex-Yugoslavia in the 1990s. This Bulgaria’s successful “ethnic model”, however, has failed to include the Roma. The “Roma issue” has emerged as one of the most serious and intractable ones facing Bulgaria since 1990. A growing part of its population has been living in circumstances of poverty and marginalization that seem only to deteriorate as years go by. State policies that have been introduced since 1999 have failed at large to produce tangible results and to reverse the socio-economic marginalization of the Roma: discrimination, poverty, and social exclusion continue to be the norm. NGOs point out to the fact that many of the measures that have been announced have not been properly implemented, and that legislation existing to tackle discrimination, hate crime, and hate speech is not implemented. Bulgaria’s political parties are averse in dealing with the Roma issue. Policies addressing the socio-economic problems of the Roma, including hate speech and crime, do not enjoy popular support and are seen as politically damaging.

Biomass Characterization in a Nitrification-Denitrification Biological Enhanced Phosphorus Removal (NDBEPR) Plant during Start-Up and Subsequent Periods of Good and Poor Phosphorus Removal

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 91-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Lindrea ◽  
S. P. Pigdon ◽  
B. Boyd ◽  
G. A. Lockwood
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Intracellular Distribution ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Plant Operation ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Biomass Characterization

During commissioning and process stabilization of a NDBEPR plant at Bendigo intracellular distribution and movement of phosphorus, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ was followed to establish the nature of biomass development. The system was also monitored at the end of a period of breakdown of the BEPR process and during its return to phosphorus removal. Phosphorus (P) and Mg2+ distribution in the biomass were closely related during all phases of plant operation, and laboratory trials indicated that the poor performance of the full-scale plant was associated with seasonal reduction in influent Mg2+. Laboratory scale trials produced a similar effect when the influent Mg2+ was limited to concentrations much lower than those experienced in the full scale plant, but only after the Mg2+ and P reserves in the biomass were depleted. The distribution of P, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ in the biomass from the full scale plant was similar to that seen in the laboratory trials when cations in the feed were severely limited and recovery of the full scale plant also closely matched that of the laboratory scale system.

Poverty, Pandemic and Elections: Analysis of Bihar Assembly Elections 2020

2021 ◽  
pp. 097370302199576
Author(s):  
Mudit Kapoor ◽  
Shamika Ravi
Keyword(s):  
Driving Factor ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
The Poor

We analyse the Bihar assembly elections of 2020, and find that poverty was the key driving factor, over and above female voters as determinants. The results show that the poor were more likely to support the National Democratic Alliance (NDA). The relevance of this result for an election held in the midst of a pandemic is very crucial, given that the poor were the hardest hit. Second, in contrast to conventional commentary, the empirical results show that the All India Majlis-E-Ittehadul Muslimeen—‘AIMIM factor’ and the Lok Janshakti party—‘LJP factor’ hurt the NDA, while benefitting the Maha Gath Bandan (MGB), with their presence in these elections. The methodological novelty in this article has combined elections data with wealth data to study the effect of poverty on election outcomes.

Trail Making Test Performance in Relation to Certain Experimenter, Test and Subject Variables

1964 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar A. Parsons ◽  
Harriet I. Maslow ◽  
Freda Morris ◽  
J. Peter Denny
Keyword(s):  
Test Performance ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Trail Making Test ◽  
Psychiatric Disturbance ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Subject Variables ◽  
Trail Making ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Order Of Administration

The Trail Making Test, previously reported highly effective in differentiating brain-damaged from non-brain-damaged Ss, was administered to 21 brain-damaged Ss and 63 non-brain-damaged Ss. Since the latter Ss performed at a level indistinguishable from that of the brain-damaged Ss, several studies were designed in an attempt to “explain” the poor performance of the non-brain-damaged Ss. The possible effects of behavioral agitation, anxiety, examiner differences, facility with letters of the alphabet, order of administration, and ego-involvement were investigated. Only anxiety was found to be significantly related to performance. However, in other analyses age, education, vocabulary, and degree of psychiatric disturbance were significantly related to performance. Until these variables are considered in the scoring system, it seems unlikely that the TMT will be effective as a general screening test for brain-damage.

scholarly journals Structural transformation and productivity in Latin America

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Cavalcanti Ferreira ◽  
Leonardo Fonseca da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Services Sector ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Agriculture Industry ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Modern Services

AbstractThis article examines the effects of sectorial shifts and structural transformation on the recent productivity path of Latin America. We use a four-sector (agriculture, industry, modern services and traditional services) general equilibrium model calibrated to the main economies in the region. The model very closely replicates labor reallocations across sectors and the growth of aggregate labor productivity from 1950 to 2005. Structural transformation explains a sizeable portion of the region’s convergence in the first decades. In most cases, the poor performance of the traditional services sector is the main cause of the slowdown in productivity growth observed in the region after the mid-1970s and is a key factor in explaining the divergence during this period.

Board demographic diversity, firm performance and strategic change

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 1110-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Kipkirong Tarus ◽  
Federico Aime
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Strategic Change ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Demographic Diversity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fixed Effects Regression ◽  
High Level

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of boards’ demographic diversity on firms’ strategic change and the interaction effect of firm performance. Design/methodology/approach – This paper used secondary data derived from publicly listed firms in Kenya during 2002-2010 and analyzed the data using fixed effects regression model to test the effect of board demographic and strategic change, while moderated regression analysis was used to test the moderating effect of firm performance. Findings – The results partially supported board demographic diversity–strategic change hypothesis. In particular, results indicate that age diversity produces less strategic change, while functional diversity is associated with greater levels of strategic change. The moderated regression results do not support our general logic that high firm performance enhances board demographic diversity–strategic change relationship. In effect, the results reveal that at high level of firm performance, board demographic diversity produces less strategic change. Originality/value – Despite few studies that have examined board demographic diversity and firm performance, this paper introduces strategic change as an outcome variable. This paper also explores the moderating role of firm performance in board demographic diversity–strategic change relationship, and finally, the study uses Kenyan dataset which in itself is unique because most governance and strategy research uses data from developed countries.

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