scholarly journals FATA Merger to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Problems and Prospects for Federalism in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol V (I) ◽  
pp. 224-233
Author(s):  
Ghulam Ali ◽  
Muhammad Ilyas Ansari ◽  
Malik Firdous
Keyword(s):  
Culturally Diverse ◽  
The State ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
The West ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
The People ◽  
Tribal Areas

Federalism provides opportunity to the diverse societies with the distinct cultural and geographical heritage of such constitutional arrangements that they can strengthen their bond with the rest of the areas of a state. Federalism in Pakistan started in a unique way where its two main regions had no geographical adhesion. The west wing of Pakistan is culturally diverse. People of FATA lived their lives almost for seventy (70) years without constitutional rights. That was the reason after the American invasion in Afghanistan, Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) became the hub of terrorist activities. The state of Pakistan noticed this situation and formed a FATA reforms committee. According to the recommendations FATA was merged in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP). The people of the area faced issues due to the lack of administrative setups. Now, the challenge for federal and KPK government is to develop the area according to the wishes of the people.

scholarly journals The State of Human Rights in Federally Administered Tribal Areas of Pakistan

2016 ◽  
Vol I (I) ◽  
pp. 85-100
Author(s):  
Ahmed Sohail ◽  
Ahmed Fasih ◽  
Zubair Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
The State ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Common People ◽  
The People ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
The Common ◽  
Tribal Areas ◽  
Human Rights Violation

The respect of human rights in a society determines the destination of that society or state. It is the level of satisfaction of citizens of a country which convinces them to work for the growth and progress of that state or society. The people of FATA are living under a draconian law which is known as Frontier Crime Regulations (FCR). There is agrave human rights violation of the people of FATA under this law. Freedom of speech, freedom of expression etc. are hampered by the FCR and the common people live under a threat of collective punishment as well. Moreover, due to military operations against the militants in the area, millions of people from FATA have been displaced. At times, there are grave violations of human rights of the displaced persons as well. This paper will explore the state of human rights in FATA in general and evaluates its impact on the Federation of Pakistan. The paper evaluates different instances of human rights violation in various agencies of FATA and their root causes as well.

scholarly journals Ethnic food culture of Chhattisgarh state of India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhilesh Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Food Habits ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Rice Paddy ◽  
Vegetarian Diet ◽  
The State ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Food Culture ◽  
The People ◽  
Ethnic Food ◽  
Tribal Areas

AbstractChhattisgarh state is situated in the central part of India and is also known as the ‘Bowl of rice’. Paddy is the principal crop of this state, and rice is the staple diet of the people. The state largely maintains its ethnic food culture as most of its population continues to live within rural and tribal areas. The state has nearly 44% of forest cover which serves as a decent source of food. People here prefer a vegetarian diet, and over 70 varieties of leaves, 25 varieties of tubers and roots are used here as vegetables. The present article is an attempt to explore the ethnic food culture of Chhattisgarh and to provide information about rice and non-rice-based traditional recipes, sweet dishes, leafy vegetables, tubers and roots which are consumed here. Irrespective of all the modern changes in food habits, the people of Chhattisgarh still preserve their traditional food culture.

Of Ski Trails and State Constitutions

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Zackin
Keyword(s):  
Constitutional Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
State Constitutions ◽  
Policy Choices ◽  
The People ◽  
Constitutional Tradition

This chapter examines why state constitutions have been so widely criticized and consistently excluded from descriptions of America's constitutional tradition. It seems that the people who wrote the state constitutions failed to grasp the purpose and the nature of constitutional law. Their recognizable features are surrounded, even engulfed, by hundreds of mundane administrative details. Indeed, many state constitutions contain provisions about policy choices as detailed as the construction of ski trails. In order to recognize the principled nature of state constitutionalism, the chapter analyzes the ubiquitous assumptions about “higher lawmaking” and states' idiosyncrasies that have animated its critics. It explores whether we should really revise our conception of American constitutional rights based solely on the state constitutions' (highly detailed) contents. It argues that the criticisms leveled against state constitutions are misplaced and demonstrates that they are actually constitutional.

Nongpok Haram : The Easterners In Pre- Colonial Manipur

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 89-97
Author(s):  
Sanjoy Ahanthem
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Development ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Host Society ◽  
The West ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The People ◽  
Different Parts

The ancient kingdom of Manipur is a cradle of human civilization and home of various groups. It was known by different names to her neighbours such as Kathe to the Burmese, Meklee to the Ahoms, Mooglei to the Cacharies and Cassey to the Shans. Since the earliest period, waves of migration had come into Manipur from different directions. They settled down in different parts of the valley and were gradually assimilated in the host society. The immigrants had contributed to the economic, social and cultural development of the state. The people coming from the east into Manipur during the reign of different Kings were known as Nongpok Haram. On the other hand, the people who had migrated from the west were known as Nongchup Haram. The paper is an attempt to give insight about the Nongpok Haram people. This paper throws light on the migration of the people belonging to this group. There will also be an attempt to study the process of their assimilation in the society as well as the changes they brought especially in the fields of economy.

The Refugees and the Migrants of West Bengal

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rizwana Shamshad
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
The State ◽  
The West ◽  
The People ◽  
East And West ◽  
Bangladeshi Migrants

According to the Census of India in 2001, the majority of the Bangladeshi migrants in India reside in West Bengal. So far there has been no anti-Bangladeshi movement like in Assam or state government initiated deportation measures like in Delhi or in West Bengal. This chapter investigates why this is the case, and it explores the factors that did not encourage the people, and the state government of West Bengal, to make Bangladeshi migration an issue. The chapter contributes to the concept ‘Bengaliness’, which is shared by the Bengalis of West Bengal and Bangladesh. What comes out clearly from the West Bengal discourse on Bangladeshi migrants is the ethno-linguistic and historical affinity of Bengalis in general with the Bangladeshis. The chapter also brings out the subtle but powerful cultural marker of Ghoti–Bangal difference that exists between the Bengalis of East and West Bengali origin.

India and the Indonesian Archipelago from the Generale Missiven der VOC (Dutch East India Company)

Itinerario ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Van Goor
Keyword(s):  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
The State ◽  
East India Company ◽  
Dutch East India Company ◽  
The West ◽  
Indonesian Archipelago ◽  
The People ◽  
State Of Affairs

Regularly, with the ships coming with the monsoon, the Governor-General and the councillors at Batavia received information from their subordinates from all over Asia. The Council of the Indies consisted of older members of the Company's bureaucracy, men who had served in several posts before being nominated to this ultimate position of honour. Together in council they constituted the best informed body on Asian affairs, in the East, as well as in the West. As a body they were responsible for the formulation of the generate missiven, the general letters in which the Heren Zeventien (Gentlemen Seventeen) were briefed on the state of affairs. The missiven had to be signed by all, dissent was not permissable. According to a a set pattern, all factories were dealt with in the same fashion. Any member of the council in principle would have been able to make an overview of the differing areas in which the Company was active. If any, they seem to have been the people able to make a comparison of the Indian subcontinent and the Indonesian archipelago. The following is an attempt to show what insights might have been expected from an interview with an elder servant of the ‘honourable Company’.

scholarly journals Militancy and its Implications in the Tribal Belt of Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol V (III) ◽  
pp. 108-116
Author(s):  
Zafar Iqbal Yousafzai ◽  
Inamullah Jan ◽  
Rahat Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Tribal People ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
Tribal Areas

The objective of this study is to examine militancy and its implications in erstwhile Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA), which was annexed to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in 2018. The people of erstwhile FATA become victims of militancy and armed conflict for a number of reasons. However, the invasion of Afghanistan in 2001 led to the rising of militancy in the tribal belt of Pakistan, which adversely affected the region, its people and their way of living economically, socially, culturally and psychologically. The paper concludes that the in-time action of the government put this region on the path of peace and stability. The merger of FATA to KP was a significant act the government did in 2018 that has a far-reaching impact on peace in the area. The article suggests the best possible and viable options to reduce the suffering of tribal people in all domains.

scholarly journals Pengaturan Pendayagunaan Sumber Daya Air dalam Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja dan Korelasinya dengan Pasal 33 UUD 1945

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-89
Author(s):  
Dimas Putra Pradhyksa
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Job Creation ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
State Control ◽  
The People ◽  
Constitutional Right ◽  
The Right

Currently, the regulation regarding Water Resources is regulated in Law Number 17 of 2019 concerning Water Resources (“SDA Law”), and several provisions have been amended by Law Number 11 of 2021 concerning Job Creation (“Job Creation Law”). The existence of water resources, which is the constitutional right of every Indonesian citizen, is fundamental. Water should be the right of every layer of Indonesian citizens because the 1945 Constitution guarantees constitutional rights. Therefore, water must be controlled by the State and used as much as possible for the prosperity of the people. Based on Article 33 paragraph (2) and paragraph (3), Utilization of Water Resources can contextualize the paradigm of control over water resources between the Natural Resources Law, the Job Creation Law and its derivative regulations must prioritize the management of water resources with a state responsibility approach (State control) that prioritizes the interests of the State. Social needs (living needs of the people) and community involvement in planning for exploitation, protection, and financing of the benefits of irrigation have not yet detailed regulations regarding the use of water for the benefit of other industries. 

scholarly journals PENGATURAN HUKUM CALON LEGISLATIF MANTAN NARAPIDANA

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Salim Fauzi Lubis ◽  
Ismail Ismail ◽  
Mina Mardiana
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
The State ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
The People ◽  
General Elections ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Right ◽  
Election Commission

Election or local election is a way of channeling the rights of every principle community, which means that the right to vote and vote is contained in his constitutional rights as citizens. In article 28 letter D of the Republic of Indonesia Republic of 1945 which reads that "every citizen has the right to have the same opportunity in government". The sound contained in the article contains the understanding that the State guarantees each of its citizens to obtain the rights to sit in government either as People's Representatives, regents, Mayors, Governors, or even become a President. The method used in this study is normative juridical legal research which uses a statutory approach. The issue raised by the author is How the Human Rights Perspective of Legislative Candidates in Organizing Elections and How Comparative Legal Arrangements for Former Legislative Candidates Examined From Law Number 7 of 2017 Concerning General Elections With Regulation of the Election Commission Number 20 of 2018 Regarding Nominating Members Regional Representative Council, Provincial Regional Representative Council, Regency / City Representative Council. In terms of the implementation of elections need to be held honestly, fairly and democratically based on the spirit of Democracy that has been carried out so far so as to create leaders and representatives of the people who side with their people. Speaking of Human Rights, everyone has the same rights before the State and applies to former corruption convicts who have or have the same political rights as other citizens guaranteed by the constitution.

Economic and Legal Support for Commercialization of Intellectual Property in Russia

2003 ◽  
pp. 66-76
Author(s):  
I. Dezhina ◽  
I. Leonov
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
The State ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
The West ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Legal Context

The article is devoted to the analysis of the changes in economic and legal context for commercial application of intellectual property created under federal budgetary financing. Special attention is given to the role of the state and to comparison of key elements of mechanisms for commercial application of intellectual property that are currently under implementation in Russia and in the West. A number of practical suggestions are presented aimed at improving government stimuli to commercialization of intellectual property created at budgetary expense.

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