Investigation on the Effect of Different Channel Geometries of Thermal Wheel for Energy Transfer Efficiency

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M.C.K. Polgolla ◽  
◽  
H.M.D.P. Herath ◽  
M.D.A. Wickramasinghe ◽  
M.A. Wijewardane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Pressure Loss ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
The United States ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Final Energy Consumption ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems ◽  
Air Streams

Inside buildings, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems are utilized to provide a comfortable environment. However, they account for a significant percentage of overall total energy consumption: in the United States, they account for about 50% of building final energy consumption and 20% of total energy consumption. [1]. The installation of a heat exchanger between the exhaust and fresh air streams is critical, owing to the significant energy savings. [2], [3]. Thermal wheels have recently gotten a lot of attention because of their high efficiency and low-pressure loss when compared to other energy recovery solutions [4]. The goal of this research is to give a comprehensive study and optimization of Thermal wheel design, with the goal of enhancing sensible effectiveness while reducing pressure loss based on channel shape.

Energy savings potential of new aeration system: Full scale trials

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lazić ◽  
V. Larsson ◽  
Å. Nordenborg
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Aeration System ◽  
Fine Bubble ◽  
Aeration Control

The objective of this work is to decrease energy consumption of the aeration system at a mid-size conventional wastewater treatment plant in the south of Sweden where aeration consumes 44% of the total energy consumption of the plant. By designing an energy optimised aeration system (with aeration grids, blowers, controlling valves) and then operating it with a new aeration control system (dissolved oxygen cascade control and most open valve logic) one can save energy. The concept has been tested in full scale by comparing two treatment lines: a reference line (consisting of old fine bubble tube diffusers, old lobe blowers, simple DO control) with a test line (consisting of new Sanitaire Silver Series Low Pressure fine bubble diffusers, a new screw blower and the Flygt aeration control system). Energy savings with the new aeration system measured as Aeration Efficiency was 65%. Furthermore, 13% of the total energy consumption of the whole plant, or 21 000 €/year, could be saved when the tested line was operated with the new aeration system.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ENERGY-EFFICIENT RETROFIT POTENTIAL FOR GOVERNMENT OFFICES IN INDIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 03-17
Author(s):  
Gazal Dandia ◽  
◽  
Pratheek Sudhakaran ◽  
Chaitali Basu ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
The Cost

Introduction: High energy consumption by buildings is a great threat to the environment and one of the major causes of climate change. With a population of 1.4 billion people and one of the fastest-growing economies in the world, India is extremely vital for the future of global energy markets. The energy demand for construction activities continues to rise and it is responsible for over one-third of global final energy consumption. Currently, buildings in India account for 35% of total energy consumption and the value is growing by 8% annually. Around 11% of total energy consumption are attributed to the commercial sector. Energy-efficient retrofitting of the built environments created in recent decades is a pressing urban challenge. Presently, most energy-efficient retrofit projects focus mainly on the engineering aspects. In this paper, we evaluate various retrofitting options, such as passive architectural interventions, active technological interventions, or a combination of both, to create the optimum result for the selected building. Methods: Based on a literature study and case examples, we identified various energy-efficient retrofit measures, and then examined and evaluated those as applied to the case study of Awas Bhawan (Rajasthan Housing Board Headquarters), Jaipur, India. For the evaluation, we developed a simulation model using EQuest for each energy measure and calculated the resultant energy savings. Then, based on the cost of implementation and the cost of energy saved, we calculated the payback period. Finally, an optimum retrofit solution was formulated with account for the payback period and ease of installation. Results and discussion: The detailed analysis of various energy-efficient retrofit measures as applied to the case study indicates that the most feasible options for retrofit resulting in optimum energy savings with short payback periods include passive architecture measures and equipment upgrades.

An Updated Estimate for Energy Use in U.S. Food Production and Policy Implications

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda D. Cuellar ◽  
Michael E. Webber
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Food System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Food Consumed

In this work we estimate the amount of energy required to produce the food consumed in the United States in 2002 and 2007. Data from government sources and the scientific literature were used to calculate the energy intensity of food production from agriculture, transportation, manufacturing, food sales, storage and preparation. Most data were from 2002; consequently we scaled all data from other years to 2002 by using ratios of total energy consumption in 2002 to total energy consumption in the year data were reported. We concluded that food production required at least 7,880±733 trillion BTU in 2002 and 8,080±752 trillion BTU of energy in 2007, over a third of which came from food handling in homes, restaurants and grocery stores. The energy used to produce food represents approximately 8% of energy consumption. Our estimate is for the energy required to produce the food consumed in the United States and takes into account food imports and exports. To account for net food exports in the agriculture sector we calculated values for the energy intensity of ten food categories and then used the mass of domestic food consumption in each category to calculate the energy embedded in the food consumed in the United States. The amount of energy required to produce the food consumed in the United States has policy implications because it is a substantial fraction of total energy consumption and is responsible for a commensurate amount of greenhouse gas emissions. There are many opportunities for decreasing the energy intensity of food production at all steps of the food system. Education of the public and policy measures that promote energy efficiency in the food sector have the potential for decreasing food waste and the energy intensity of the food system.

Optimization of Equipment Control Parameters to Minimize HVAC Energy Consumption

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron P. Wemhoff
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Control Method ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lumped Parameter Model ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Control Parameters ◽  
Household Energy ◽  
Lumped Parameter ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning Systems (HVAC) consume nearly one-third of household energy in the United States. The optimization of the control parameters in HVAC equipment allows for a reduction in energy consumption. In this study, a supervisory control method is applied to a lumped parameter model of an HVAC system of interest containing a chiller and three dampers. The method determines the choice of control parameters that minimize the energy consumption for 1000 sampled steady-state loads. An energy savings of 39% was achieved using the method in this study compared to the base case.

scholarly journals Investigation on Energy Consumption of an Olympic Ice Rink and Sports Facility

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-118
Author(s):  
Hamdi Sunnetci ◽  
Deniz Yilmaz
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
The World

In these days, people spend 87% of their time indoors. Therefore, buildings are responsible for 36% of the total energy consumption and 40% of the CO2 emissions in the world. Besides, energy expenditures can be reduced, especially through improvements in public buildings used by many people. In this study, an annual energy consumption was conducted for an Olympic ice-skating rink and sports complex in Istanbul with a capacity of 900 spectators, was analyzed. Annual energy consumption of the building was 2 915 032 kWh electrical energy and 157 944 m3 natural gas. It was foreseen that 40 000kWh energy savings can be achieved annually with the evaporative pre-cooling system.

Design of Passive Two-Phase Thermosyphons for Server Cooling

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaele L. Amalfi ◽  
Jackson B. Marcinichen ◽  
John R. Thome ◽  
Filippo Cataldo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Two Phase

Abstract The main objective of this paper is to utilize an improved version of the simulator presented at InterPACK 2017 to design a thermosyphon system for energy-efficient heat removal from 2-U servers used in high-power datacenters. Currently, between 25% and 45% of the total energy consumption of a datacenter (this number does not include the energy required to drive the fans at the server-level) is dedicated to cooling, and with a predicted annual growth rate of about 15% (or higher) coupled with the plan of building numerous new datacenters to handle the “big data” storage and processing demands of emerging 5G networks, artificial intelligence, electrical vehicles, etc., the development of novel, high efficiency cooling technologies becomes extremely important for curbing the use of energy in datacenters. Notably, going from air cooling to two-phase cooling, not only enables the possibility to handle the ever higher heat fluxes and heat loads of new servers, but it also provides an energy-efficient solution to be implemented for all servers of a datacenter to reduce the total energy consumption of the entire cooling system. In that light, a pseudo-chip with a footprint area of 4 × 4 cm2 and a maximum power dissipation of 300 W (corresponding heat flux of about 19 W/cm2), will be assumed as a target design for our novel thermosyphon-based cooling system. The simulator will be first validated against an independent database and then used to find the optimal design of the chip’s thermosyphon. The results demonstrate the capability of this simulator to model all of the thermosyphon’s components (evaporator, condenser, riser and downcomer) together with overall thermal performance and creation of operational maps. Additionally, the simulator is used here to design two types of passive two-phase systems, an air- and a liquid-cooled thermosyphon, which will be compared in terms of thermal-hydraulic performance. Finally, the simulator will be used to perform a sensitivity analysis on the secondary coolant side conditions (inlet temperature and mass flow rate) to evaluate their effect on the system performance.

scholarly journals STATE OF SEED PRODUCTION AND AGRO-ENERGY EFFICIENCY ASSESSMENT OF RED FESCUE SEED PRODUCTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-39
Author(s):  
Vladimir Zolotarev
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Red Fescue ◽  
Seed Crops

Red fescue (Festuca rubra L.) it is one of the most popular crops for creating lawns of various types and as a component of meadow and pasture poly-species mixtures of long-term use. The volume of domestic production of seeds of this crop is less than 2% of the total sales of seed material on the Russian market. The wide expansion of imported seeds of foreign-selected varieties to the domestic market sharply raises the question of the need to develop seed production of this crop in Russia. To do this, it is necessary to intensify breeding for the development of new varieties of red fescue, the development of zonal technologies for cultivating them for seeds. Analysis and generalization of research results shows that when using a set of optimal agricultural techniques, it is possible to consistently receive seed collections of more than 0.4 t/ha. This level of seed yield ensures high profitability of production and recoupment of energy costs. Assessment of the energy efficiency of technologies for cultivation of red fescue pasture-lawn ecotype shows that the total energy consumption per 1 ha of seed was 17.7 GJ, per 1 kg of seeds – 68.2 MJ. Due to the increase in yield by 44.4% and the use of energy-saving techniques, energy savings per 100 kg of seeds amounted to 25.6%. The energy assessment showed that as a result of harvesting seed crops by direct threshing in the optimal time frame, total energy costs decreased by 19%, and energy consumption for fuel – by 29%.

scholarly journals Investigation and Evaluation of Energy Consumption Performance for Hospital Buildings in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ru Ji ◽  
Shilin Qu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Electricity Use ◽  
Hospital Building ◽  
Save Energy ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

Energy use in hospitals is higher than other public buildings, so it is essential to investigate and evaluate its energy consumption performance to save energy. In this paper, a comprehensive investigation was conducted to study energy consumption of hospitals in China. The investigation results show that electricity use accounts for the maximum share in total energy consumption of hospitals, especially in south China. Improving air conditioning systems is the most direct and effective way for realizing hospital building energy savings. What’s more, a new evaluation system of energy-saving performance for hospital buildings was developed. This evaluation system could evaluate performance of energy use in hospital, find out the weakness of energy use, and provide improving suggestions. Furthermore, a kind of visual software was given by our paper, which can be used intuitively by practitioners to evaluate building energy consumption performance of a hospital.

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