scholarly journals STATE OF SEED PRODUCTION AND AGRO-ENERGY EFFICIENCY ASSESSMENT OF RED FESCUE SEED PRODUCTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-39
Author(s):  
Vladimir Zolotarev
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Red Fescue ◽  
Seed Crops

Red fescue (Festuca rubra L.) it is one of the most popular crops for creating lawns of various types and as a component of meadow and pasture poly-species mixtures of long-term use. The volume of domestic production of seeds of this crop is less than 2% of the total sales of seed material on the Russian market. The wide expansion of imported seeds of foreign-selected varieties to the domestic market sharply raises the question of the need to develop seed production of this crop in Russia. To do this, it is necessary to intensify breeding for the development of new varieties of red fescue, the development of zonal technologies for cultivating them for seeds. Analysis and generalization of research results shows that when using a set of optimal agricultural techniques, it is possible to consistently receive seed collections of more than 0.4 t/ha. This level of seed yield ensures high profitability of production and recoupment of energy costs. Assessment of the energy efficiency of technologies for cultivation of red fescue pasture-lawn ecotype shows that the total energy consumption per 1 ha of seed was 17.7 GJ, per 1 kg of seeds – 68.2 MJ. Due to the increase in yield by 44.4% and the use of energy-saving techniques, energy savings per 100 kg of seeds amounted to 25.6%. The energy assessment showed that as a result of harvesting seed crops by direct threshing in the optimal time frame, total energy costs decreased by 19%, and energy consumption for fuel – by 29%.

Energy savings potential of new aeration system: Full scale trials

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lazić ◽  
V. Larsson ◽  
Å. Nordenborg
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Aeration System ◽  
Fine Bubble ◽  
Aeration Control

The objective of this work is to decrease energy consumption of the aeration system at a mid-size conventional wastewater treatment plant in the south of Sweden where aeration consumes 44% of the total energy consumption of the plant. By designing an energy optimised aeration system (with aeration grids, blowers, controlling valves) and then operating it with a new aeration control system (dissolved oxygen cascade control and most open valve logic) one can save energy. The concept has been tested in full scale by comparing two treatment lines: a reference line (consisting of old fine bubble tube diffusers, old lobe blowers, simple DO control) with a test line (consisting of new Sanitaire Silver Series Low Pressure fine bubble diffusers, a new screw blower and the Flygt aeration control system). Energy savings with the new aeration system measured as Aeration Efficiency was 65%. Furthermore, 13% of the total energy consumption of the whole plant, or 21 000 €/year, could be saved when the tested line was operated with the new aeration system.

Energy Consumption Prediction of University Buildings in China and Strategies for Energy Efficiency Management

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-juan Qu ◽  
Li-nan Lei ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Jin-yuan Qian
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
University Buildings

In 2007, Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE) and Ministry of Housing & Urban-Rural Development (MOHURD) carried out the Campus Resource Conservation Actions, in order to take full use of resources and to improve the energy efficiency. However, due to the large amounts of universities, the total energy consumption and the energy efficiency situation have no objective statistics. Taking modeling the energy consumption of university buildings as the starting point, this paper analyzes the characteristics of university buildings in China. Then, we do the prediction, trend and potential analysis of the total energy consumption in 2020. In addition, four strategies for energy efficiency management are carried out, which might be helpful for all the university managers and related departments.

scholarly journals Lighting Control Including Daylight and Energy Efficiency Improvements Analysis

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aniela Kaminska ◽  
Andrzej Ożadowicz
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Automation System ◽  
Building Automation ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Lighting Control

Energy used for lighting is one of the major components of total energy consumption in buildings. Nowadays, buildings have a great potential to reduce their energy consumption, but to achieve this purpose additional efforts are indispensable. In this study, the need for energy savings evaluation before the implementation of lighting control algorithms for a specified building is highlighted. Therefore, experimental tests have been carried out in a university building with laboratories and other rooms, equipped with KNX building automation system. A dimmable control strategy has been investigated, dependent on daylight illuminance. Moreover, a relationship between external and internal daylight illuminance levels has been evaluated as well. Based on the experimental results, the authors proposed a method for the rough estimation of electrical energy savings. Since, according to the EN 15232 standard, Building Automation and Control Systems (BACS) play an important role in buildings’ energy efficiency improvements, the BACS efficiency factors from this standard have been used to verify the experimental results presented in the paper. The potential to reduce energy consumption from lighting in non-residential buildings by 28% for offices and 24% for educational buildings has been confirmed, but its dependence on specific building parameters has been discussed as well.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF INTERACTION OF A CANTILEVER KNIFE BLADE WITH SOIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Nikolaev
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
The Body ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
The Road ◽  
Direction Of Movement ◽  
Knife Blade ◽  
Soil Excavation

Introduction. In order to the road to be durable at the minimum necessary cost for its construction, the topsoil should be carefully removed without disturbing the soil located under the topsoil. The problem of cheapening the roads construction without reducing their quality can be solved by creating a continuous unit for the formation of the underlying layer. The main working elemens of the unit are shovels. The blade of the cantilever knife fixed on the shovel cuts the topsoil from the bottom. It is located at the angle of 45 ° to the direction of movement of the shovel and also has a sharpening angle. The front angle of the blade of the cantilever knife.The method of research. The cantilever knife is divided into the elements: the edge of the blade, the upper face of the blade, the surface of the cantilever knife, a lower plane. The consecutive impact of many cantilever knives on the ground within the operating unit width with the ground of one notional cantilever knife at a distance necessary for the excavation of one cubic meter of soil was replaced. The interacting forces of a notional cantilever knife with soil are called notional forces. The methodology of calculating energy costs when penetrating the edge of the blade of the cantilever knife into the soil is presented: to separate a layer from the body of the soil, to create a gap in the body of the soil, to overcome the friction of the soil against the edge of a blade of a cantilever knife. The total energy consumption during the interaction of a edge of a blade of a cantilever knife in the soil excavation with a volume of one cubic meter was obtained by adding the particular energy consumption.Results. Based on the developed calculation method, the distance at which a cantilever knife has to move to excavate one cubic meter of soil, and the time of this movement determined. The energy costs are calculated when penetrating the edge of the blade of the cantilever knife into the soil: to separate a layer from the body of soil, to create a gap in the body of soil, to overcome the friction of the soil against the edge of a blade of a cantilever knife. The total energy consumption and their structure during the interaction of the edge of a blade of a cantilever knife with the soil during the soil excavation with a volume of one cubic meter are determined.Conclusion. The total energy consumption during the interaction of an edge of a blade of a cantilever knife with the soil during the development of soil with a volume of one cubic meter is about 7 thousand J/cubic meter. In the energy costs structure during the interaction of an edge of a blade of a cantilever knife with the soil, energy costs prevail to overcome the friction of the soil against an edge of a blade. To determine the total energy consumption for cutting soil with cantilever knives shovels of the unit for removing the upper soil layer from the underlying layer of a road, it is necessary to analyze the interaction of other elements of cantilever knives with the soil.Financial transparency: the authors have no financial interest in the presented materials or methods. There is no conflict of interest.

scholarly journals The Strategy of Implementing Energy Efficiency Standards and Labels for Domestic Air Conditioners in Libya

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salah M Alabani ◽  
Ibrahim H Tawil
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Improve Energy Efficiency ◽  
Reduce Energy Consumption ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Energy Efficiency Standards

The residential sector in Libya has grown over the past decade in the construction of residential buildings due to the increase in the population. Moreover, the increase in the level of income has contributed to the increase in the purchase of household appliances, which leads to increased demand for energy. Energy consumption in the household sector accounted for 31% of total energy consumption during 2010, and the share of air conditioners in this sector consumed 18.35%. To reduce energy consumption and improve energy efficiency in this sector, policies should be considered to apply energy efficiency standards and markers to household electrical appliances, as they are considered one of the most successful programs used in the world. Countries are implementing such programs to reduce energy consumption in the domestic sector. This paper presents the possibility of implementing such programs to introduce the importance of energy efficiency standards and labeling programs for home appliances in Libya. The calculations required to design such programs show the energy savings that can be achieved during cooling loads in the summer period of 4 months July, August, September). A strategic plan has been developed during 10-year (2020-2030) to estimate the expected savings of energy consumed and to identify possible obstacles and difficulties by gradually increasing the energy efficiency ratio for comestic air conditioners in two stages, from EER10 to EER11 in the first stage is then raised to EER12 as the second stage.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ENERGY-EFFICIENT RETROFIT POTENTIAL FOR GOVERNMENT OFFICES IN INDIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 03-17
Author(s):  
Gazal Dandia ◽  
◽  
Pratheek Sudhakaran ◽  
Chaitali Basu ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
The Cost

Introduction: High energy consumption by buildings is a great threat to the environment and one of the major causes of climate change. With a population of 1.4 billion people and one of the fastest-growing economies in the world, India is extremely vital for the future of global energy markets. The energy demand for construction activities continues to rise and it is responsible for over one-third of global final energy consumption. Currently, buildings in India account for 35% of total energy consumption and the value is growing by 8% annually. Around 11% of total energy consumption are attributed to the commercial sector. Energy-efficient retrofitting of the built environments created in recent decades is a pressing urban challenge. Presently, most energy-efficient retrofit projects focus mainly on the engineering aspects. In this paper, we evaluate various retrofitting options, such as passive architectural interventions, active technological interventions, or a combination of both, to create the optimum result for the selected building. Methods: Based on a literature study and case examples, we identified various energy-efficient retrofit measures, and then examined and evaluated those as applied to the case study of Awas Bhawan (Rajasthan Housing Board Headquarters), Jaipur, India. For the evaluation, we developed a simulation model using EQuest for each energy measure and calculated the resultant energy savings. Then, based on the cost of implementation and the cost of energy saved, we calculated the payback period. Finally, an optimum retrofit solution was formulated with account for the payback period and ease of installation. Results and discussion: The detailed analysis of various energy-efficient retrofit measures as applied to the case study indicates that the most feasible options for retrofit resulting in optimum energy savings with short payback periods include passive architecture measures and equipment upgrades.

Investigation on the Effect of Different Channel Geometries of Thermal Wheel for Energy Transfer Efficiency

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M.C.K. Polgolla ◽  
◽  
H.M.D.P. Herath ◽  
M.D.A. Wickramasinghe ◽  
M.A. Wijewardane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Pressure Loss ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
The United States ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Final Energy Consumption ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems ◽  
Air Streams

Inside buildings, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems are utilized to provide a comfortable environment. However, they account for a significant percentage of overall total energy consumption: in the United States, they account for about 50% of building final energy consumption and 20% of total energy consumption. [1]. The installation of a heat exchanger between the exhaust and fresh air streams is critical, owing to the significant energy savings. [2], [3]. Thermal wheels have recently gotten a lot of attention because of their high efficiency and low-pressure loss when compared to other energy recovery solutions [4]. The goal of this research is to give a comprehensive study and optimization of Thermal wheel design, with the goal of enhancing sensible effectiveness while reducing pressure loss based on channel shape.

scholarly journals The Challenge of Greening the Existing Residential Buildings in the Egyptian Market Base Case

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Amr Soliman ElGohary ◽  
Shereen Omar Khashaba
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Green Buildings ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Existing Buildings ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Residential Sector

Existing buildings are the massive percentage of the building stock, and therefore, are the key to improving efficiency; buildings account for an enormous share of the climate change crisis, and approximately 40% of the world total energy consumption (McArthur & Jofeh, 2015). The Egyptian stock of buildings includes about 12 million buildings. 60% of these buildings are residential. The final electricity consumption of the residential buildings in 2010 was 51370 GWh and increased in 2014 to reach 62441 GWh. Thus the share of total energy consumption was 18.8% in 2010 and increased to reach 21.55% in 2014 ("Technology Roadmap - Energy efficient building envelopes.", 2013). Therefore, the residential sector plays an important role in the mitigation of energy consumption crisis, which is expected to increase. The research field and initiatives in Egypt on the green buildings and green buildings retrofits are rare and, if existing, are weakly applied. Unlike in developed countries, there is a large research on building retrofits, e.g., the Residential Property Assessed Clean Energy (R-PACE) program and the weatherization assistance program (WAP) of the department of energy (DOE). Both are examples of the incentives to green building initiatives globally. This paper discusses the challenge of greening the existing residential buildings in Egypt by demonstrating an analysis of the motives and the barriers to applying green measures in the Egyptian market. The research methodology comprises the analytical-comparative method. In the analytical part; the paper identifies the current situation of the residential sector energy consumption in Egypt, and the benefits of greening existing buildings for tenants, investors, and owners. In the comparative part, the current situation of Egypt's Green Market Business Case is compared with the international one, discussing the challenge of greening the residential buildings. The paper summarizes the opportunities to improve the building energy efficiency, incentives, and policies that are developed to address significant financial and technical awareness to building efficiency. These policies will help enable critical market actors to make decisions to promote energy efficiency in existing buildings.

scholarly journals A water-energy balance application with adaptations to a brazilian water supply system

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e380101019039
Author(s):  
Matheus Gonçalves Silqueira ◽  
Fernando das Graças Braga da Silva ◽  
Alex Takeo Yasumura Lima Silva ◽  
Matheus David Guimarães Barbedo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Total Energy Consumption

According to the Alliance to Save Energy, between 2 % and 3 % of the total electric energy consumed in the world is used for water pumping in supply systems, with the consumption reduction potential through energy efficiency and conservation measures being estimated at 25 %. In Brazil, the water supply sector corresponds to 2.6 % of the total energy consumed in the country, with pumping systems being responsible for over 90 % of the total energy consumption. It is extremely common to find supersized facilities with pump motor sets operating outside their ideal points, with it being a common practice to perform flow and pressure control through the installation of valves. The use of reducing valves inserts unnecessary pressure drops into the hydraulic system, increasing energy consumption. The objective of this work is to present an energy balance of a study sector of the Autonomous Water and Sewage Service (AWSS) of a municipality in the south of Minas Gerais, Brazil, aiming to elucidate the electric energy consumption of the system and where the reduction in such consumption may occur. For this, we measured data such as the efficiency of the pump motor sets, calculated performance indicators and water loss indices, and applied the energy balance adapted. This work presents an application of a water-energy balance with adaptations to a Brazilian water supply system, under the perspective of the energy efficiency in lift station pump motor sets.

A Study on Energy Consumption Optimization for Cooperative Beamforming in Wireless Sensor Networks

2014 ◽  
Vol 620 ◽  
pp. 625-631
Author(s):  
Guang You Yang ◽  
Xiong Gan ◽  
Tuo Zheng ◽  
Zhi Yan Ma
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Consumption Optimization ◽  
Modulation Parameter ◽  
Cooperative Beamforming

In wireless sensor networks where the volume and energy of nodes are limited by batteries, which are difficult or prohibitively expensive to replace or recharge in the most of its application scenarios, so improving energy efficiency has very important significance.Cooperative beamforming forms virtual antenna arrays by multiple adjacent wireless sensor nodes, which improves the signal strength at the receiver and reduces the energy consumption of the transmitter by multiplexing gain and interference management.In this paper, the problem of energy consumption optimization for cooperative beamforming in wireless sensor networks was studied. First, considering both amplifier energy consumption and circuit energy consumption,energy consumption models for both broadcast phase and cooperative beamforming phase was presented.Then,we propose a two-step optimization to minimize the total energy consumption by optimizing the modulation parameter and the number of cooperative nodes.We simulate the total energy consumption for various transmission distances,modulation parameters , path losses and the number of cooperative nodes.The numerical results show that,for different system parameters, selecting the optimal modulation parameter and the optimal number of cooperative nodes can reduce total energy consumption and improve energy efficiency.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document