Subependymomas of the fourth ventricle

1985 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 508-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashid Jooma ◽  
Michael J. Torrens ◽  
John Bradshaw ◽  
Betty Brownell
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Benign Tumor ◽  
Respiratory Control ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Surgical Morbidity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Scant Attention ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Subependymomas of the fourth ventricle are generally considered incidental postmortem findings, and have received scant attention from neurosurgeons. The authors present a surgical series of 12 cases of this disorder diagnosed over a 13-year period. The clinical and radiological findings were reviewed and correlations made with pathological studies. The subependymoma is a histologically benign tumor that tends to be calcified. It has a predilection for the fourth ventricle and a peak incidence in the fifth decade of life. It is usually of considerable size with extensive attachment at the time of its detection, and is associated with significant surgical morbidity. The authors believe that magnetic resonance imaging may be the best method of investigation. Intraoperative disturbance of circulatory or respiratory control should suggest to the surgeon that the operation be abandoned. A laser or ultrasonic aspirator may be very helpful in removing these tumors. Postoperative care must include monitoring for apnea.

Acute posterior fossa syndrome following lumbar drainage for treatment of suboccipital pseudomeningocele

2000 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey T. Manley ◽  
William Dillon
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Posterior Fossa ◽  
Mass Effect ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Posterior Fossa Syndrome ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lumbar Drainage ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors report on a series of patients who underwent lumbar drainage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for treatment of posterior fossa pseudomeningoceles and who subsequently developed an acute posterior fossa syndrome. These patients were found to have similar radiological findings demonstrating acute mass effect secondary to movement of CSF from the pseudomeningocele into the cerebellar parenchyma. Discontinuation of lumbar drainage resulted in symptomatic and radiological improvement in all patients. From these cases the authors infer that not all pseudomeningoceles communicate directly with the subarachnoid space. A readily recognizable appearance on magnetic resonance imaging that is useful in diagnosing this reversible complication of treatment for posterior fossa pseudomeningocele is also illustrated.

Cervical epidural actinomycosis

2001 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-134
Author(s):  
Behzad Eftekhar ◽  
Ebrahim Ketabchi ◽  
Mohammad Ghodsi ◽  
Ali Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Clinical Entity ◽  
Rare Clinical Entity ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Cervical actinomycosis causing spinal cord compression is a rare clinical entity. In a review of the literature, the authors found only 13 cases with actinomycosis-related spinal neurological deficit. The authors describe the case of a 26-year-old man who presented with neck pain and partial paresis of the upper limbs. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a long cervical epidural enhancing lesion that extended from C-1 to T-2. The radiological findings resembled metastasis and other epidural infections. The patient was treated medically with penicillin and amoxicillin for 7 months and recovered neurologically. The authors conclude that although cervical epidural actinomycosis is a rare clinical entity resembling metastasis and other infections in this region, it should be considered so that this unique infection can be diagnosed in the least invasive fashion and, whenever possible, unnecessary surgery can be avoided.

Rapid expansion of a previously asymptomatic subependymoma

2005 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 1084-1087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian W. Laxton ◽  
Patrick Shannon ◽  
Sukriti Nag ◽  
Richard I. Farb ◽  
Mark Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Posterior Fossa ◽  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Content Type ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fine Print

✓ This 39-year-old man presented with a 6-month history of occipital headaches. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an irregularly shaped fourth ventricle mass. One month after his initial presentation, he was admitted to the hospital with significant tumor expansion and clinical deterioration. A posterior fossa craniectomy was performed and the mass was resected. Histopathological analysis of this tumor showed central necrosis with associated edema in an otherwise typical and benign-appearing subependymoma. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of rapid, nonhemorrhagic expansion associated with necrosis in a previously asymptomatic subependymoma.

Unusual causes of trigeminal neuralgia treated by gamma knife radiosurgery

2002 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 533-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Woo Chang ◽  
Jae Young Choi ◽  
Young Sul Yoon ◽  
Yong Gou Park ◽  
Sang Sup Chung
Keyword(s):  
Trigeminal Neuralgia ◽  
Gamma Knife ◽  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Gamma Knife Radiosurgery ◽  
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Segmental Demyelination ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Clinical Responses ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The purpose of this paper was to present two cases of secondary trigeminal neuralgia (TN) with an unusual origin and lesion location. In two cases TN was caused by lesions along the course of the trigeminal nerve within the pons and adjacent to the fourth ventricle. Both cases presented with typical TN. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed linear or wedge-shaped lesions adjacent to the fourth ventricle, extending anterolaterally and lying along the pathway of the intraaxial trigeminal fibers. The involvement of the nucleus of the spinal trigeminal tract and of the principal sensory trigeminal nucleus with segmental demyelination are suggested as possible causes for trigeminal pain in these cases. It is postulated that these lesions are the result of an old viral neuritis. The patients underwent gamma knife radiosurgery and their clinical responses have been encouraging to date.

Optic pathway glioma infiltrating into somatostatinergic pathways in a young boy with gigantism

1994 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 595-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Manski ◽  
Charles S. Ha worth ◽  
Bertrand J. Duval-Arnould ◽  
Elisabeth J. Rushing
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Optic Pathway Glioma ◽  
Optic Pathway ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hyperintense Signal ◽  
Immunocytochemical Studies ◽  
Stereotactic Biopsies ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors report gigantism in a 16-month-old boy with an extensive optic pathway glioma infiltrating into somatostatinergic pathways, as revealed by magnetic resonance imaging and immunocytochemical studies. Stereotactic biopsies of areas showing hyperintense signal abnormalities on T2-weighted images in and adjacent to the involved visual pathways provided rarely obtained histological correlation of such areas. The patient received chemotherapy, which resulted in reduction of size and signal intensity of the tumor and stabilization of vision and growth velocity.

Magnetic resonance imaging of spinal arteriovenous malformations

1987 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 830-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Doppman ◽  
Giovanni Di Chiro ◽  
Andrew J. Dwyer ◽  
Joseph L. Frank ◽  
Edward H. Oldfield
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Spinal Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Spinal Avm ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed on 12 patients with spinal arteriovenous malformations (AVM's). Six lesions were intramedullary, five were dural, and one was in a posterior extramedullary location. Serpentine filling defects similar to the classic myelographic findings were demonstrated within the high-signal cerebrospinal fluid on T2-weighted coronal scans. The intramedullary nidus was identified by MRI as an area of low-signal intensity within the cord in all six intramedullary AVM's. Neither the dural nor the posterior extramedullary lesions showed intramedullary components. It is concluded that MRI may noninvasively provide the initial diagnosis of a spinal AVM and distinguish intramedullary from dural and extramedullary lesions.

Enterogenous cyst in the cervical spinal canal

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kouichi Miyagi ◽  
Jiro Mukawa ◽  
Susumu Mekaru ◽  
Yasunari Ishikawa ◽  
Toshihiko Kinjo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Immunohistochemical Staining ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Enterogenous Cyst ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Old Japanese ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The case of an 11-year-old Japanese girl with an intradural and extramedullary enterogenous cyst is presented. A mass giving a low-intensity signal in comparison with the spinal cord was demonstrated on magnetic resonance imaging. Histologically, the diagnosis was confirmed on specimens stained with periodic acid-Schiff, alcian blue, mucicarmine, and immunohistochemical staining of carcinoembryonic antigen, and by electron microscopy.

Coerced training of the nondominant hand resulting in cortical reorganization: a high-field functional magnetic resonance imaging study

2004 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 310-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsutomu Nakada ◽  
Yukihiko Fujii ◽  
Ingrid L. Kwee
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
High Field ◽  
Cortical Reorganization ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hand Motion ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
The Right ◽  
Fine Print

Object. The authors investigated brain strategies associated with hand use in an attempt to clarify genetic and nongenetic factors influencing handedness by using high-field functional magnetic resonance imaging. Methods. Three groups of patients were studied. The first two groups comprised individuals in whom handedness developed spontaneously (right-handed and left-handed groups). The third group comprised individuals who were coercively trained to use the right hand and developed mixed handedness, referred to here as trained ambidexterity. All trained ambidextrous volunteers were certain that they were innately left-handed, but due to social pressure had modified their preferred hand use for certain tasks common to the right hand. Although right-handed and left-handed volunteers displayed virtually identical cortical activation, involving homologous cortex primarily located contralateral to the hand motion, trained ambidextrous volunteers exhibited a clearly unique activation pattern. During right-handed motion, motor areas in both hemispheres were activated in these volunteers. During left-handed motion, the right supplemental motor area and the right intermediate zone of the anterior cerebellar lobe were activated significantly more frequently than observed in naturally right-handed or left-handed volunteers. Conclusions. The results provide strong evidence that cortical organization of spontaneously developed right- and left-handedness involves homologous cortex primarily located contralateral to the hand motion, and this organization is likely to be prenatally determined. By contrast, coerced training of the nondominant hand during the early stages of an individual's development results in mixed handedness (trained ambidexterity), indicating cortical reorganization.

Size-adjustable titanium plate for reconstruction of the sella turcica

1999 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 1055-1057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazunori Arita ◽  
Kaoru Kurisu ◽  
Atsushi Tominaga ◽  
Fusao Ikawa ◽  
Koji Iida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Sella Turcica ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Titanium Plate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Postoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Closed Position ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A size-adjustable plate constructed of pure titanium is proposed for use in the reconstruction of the sella turcica. The plate is composed of two semicircular pieces that are connected by a hinge located at the top of the plate. Using an applicator, the plate is inserted into the sella turcica in a closed position. The same applicator is then used to open and secure the plate. The titanium causes minimal ferromagnetic artifacts on postoperative magnetic resonance imaging.Preliminary findings indicate a possibie clinical use for this plate in the reconstruction of the sella turcica when no suitable piece of bone is available.

Optic nerve ganglioglioma

1993 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 979-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Y. Lu ◽  
Marc Goldman ◽  
Byron Young ◽  
Daron G. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Optic Nerve Glioma ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Visual Field Deficit ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Gangliogliomas of the optic nerve are extremely rare. The case is reported of a 38-year-old man who presented with a visual field deficit and was discovered to have an optic nerve ganglioglioma. The possible embryological origins of this neoplasm, its histological and immunohistochemical features, and its appearance on magnetic resonance imaging are examined. The prognoses of optic nerve glioma and of gangliogliomas occurring elsewhere in the nervous system are compared.

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