Skull metastasis of thyroid carcinoma

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 526-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihide Nagamine ◽  
Jiro Suzuki ◽  
Ryuich Katakura ◽  
Takashi Yoshimoto ◽  
Naoya Matoba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Thyroid Tumor ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Skull Metastasis ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Well Differentiated

✓ Over the past 33 years the authors have treated 12 cases of skull metastasis from thyroid carcinoma, accounting for 2.5% of a total of 473 cases of thyroid cancer. A study of these 12 cases revealed the following characteristics. 1) The mean age of the patients was 60.4 years and the predominant incidence was in the seventh decade of life. 2) The incidence of skull metastasis from thyroid cancer was higher among women than among men. 3) The primary sign was a soft hemispheric tumor resting on the skull. 4) The tumors were rich in vascularity with osteolytic changes in the skull. 5) The average period from diagnosis of the thyroid tumor until thyroidectomy was 14.3 years, and until discovery of the skull metastasis was 23.3 years. The clinical course was thus very long. 6) The most frequent histopathological presentation was follicular adenocarcinoma. Such lesions were morphologically well differentiated, with little pleomorphism and atypism, but detailed examination showed infiltration into the vascular lumen or capsule. 7) The mean survival time in these patients was 4.5 years from the time of diagnosis. The prognosis in this lesion was relatively poor, considering its long clinical course.

A commentary on the biology and growth kinetics of low-grade and high-grade gliomas

1984 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 895-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takao Hoshino
Keyword(s):  
Cell Kinetics ◽  
Growth Fraction ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Past ◽  
Tumor Tissues ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Very High

✓ Cell kinetics studies of patients with various gliomas published in the past decade have shown that the average labeling index (LI) obtained from a pulse of 3H-thymidine is very high in medulloblastomas (12.0% ± 1.3%, standard error of the mean) and glioblastoma multiforme (9.3% ± 1.0%), low in well differentiated gliomas (less than 1%), and intermediate in anaplastic astrocytomas (4.0% ± 0.8%). The higher the LI, the faster the tumor grows, probably reflecting a larger growth fraction. In tumor tissues obtained at autopsy, two glioblastomas diluted out the labeling compound in the 2- to 4-month interval after labeling, whereas three glioblastomas and two anaplastic astrocytomas retained labeled neoplastic cells for 3 weeks to 5 months. Most patients whose tumors contained foci of labeled cells at autopsy survived longer. Well differentiated gliomas harbored labeled cells for 2½ to 7 years. These findings indicate that the kinetics of proliferation in well differentiated gliomas are different from those in glioblastomas or anaplastic astrocytomas.

scholarly journals Clinical Course from Diagnosis to Death in Patients with Well-Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2323
Author(s):  
Hyunju Park ◽  
Jun Park ◽  
So Young Park ◽  
Tae Hyuk Kim ◽  
Sun Wook Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Differentiated Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Regional Disease ◽  
Well Differentiated

Because of the low mortality rate of well-differentiated thyroid cancer (WDTC), investigation of the clinical course leading to death is limited. We analyzed the cause of death and clinical course from diagnosis to death in patients who died of WDTC. A total of 592 WDTC patients died between 1996 and 2018. After exclusion, 79 patients were enrolled and divided into four groups based on their clinical course; that is, inoperable at the time of diagnosis (inoperable), distant metastasis (DM) detected at the time of diagnosis (initial-DM), DM detected during follow-up (late-DM), and loco-regional disease (L-R). Lung (55.6%) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and bone (46.7%) in follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) were the most common metastasis locations. The most common causes of death were respiratory failure (32.3%) and airway obstruction (30.6%) in PTC, and complications due to immobilization arising from bone metastasis (35.3%) in FTC. Brain metastasis was found in 13.3% of patients and had the worst prognosis. The overall survival (OS) differed significantly (p = 0.001) according to clinical course; the inoperable had the shortest survival, followed by the initial-DM, L-R, and late-DM. However, OS did not differ significantly between PTC and FTC patients with initial-DM (p = 0.83). Other causes of death were far more common than death resulting from WDTC. In patients dying of WDTC, the major cause of death varied by metastatic site. OS differed according to clinical course, but not histologic type. Timing and DM sites differed between PTC and FTC.

Solitary Brain Metastases from Thyroid Carcinoma: Study of 6 Cases

1995 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Salvati ◽  
Luigi Cervoni ◽  
Paolo Celli
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Brain Metastases ◽  
Radioactive Iodine ◽  
Thyroid Tumor ◽  
The Other ◽  
Average Survival ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Metastatic Sites ◽  
Solitary Brain Metastases

Aims and background Although systemic metastases from thyroid cancer are relatively frequent, they rarely affect the nervous system and only exceptionally originate from well-differentiated carcinoma. Methods The authors describe 6 cases of solitary brain metastases from thyroid carcinoma, well-differentiated in 3 cases and anaplastic in the other 3 cases. Results Four patients were females and 2 males (M:F ratio, 1:2); average age was 51 yrs (range 48-56). On average, the interval between diagnosis of the thyroid tumor and appearance of the metastasis was 2.8 years (range 1-12 years) and was shorter in the anaplastic forms (1.2 versus 4.4 years). Average survival was 15 months (range 6-48 months); in particular, average survival was longer in patients with well-differentiated carcinoma (9 vs 21 months) as also in those who did not present other metastatic sites (6 vs 24 months). Death was due to systemic progression of the disease in 4 cases and to brain-relapse in the other 2 cases. Conclusions Surgery, radioactive iodine (where uptake is demonstrable), and radiotherapy are the main therapies available for metastases from thyroid carcinoma. However, survival of patients appears to be modified by the type of treatment performed.

Conservative surgical management of invasive differentiated thyroid cancer

1985 ◽  
Vol 99 (12) ◽  
pp. 1255-1260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Shvili ◽  
Y. Zohar ◽  
N. Buller ◽  
N. Laurian
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Tracheal Resection ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Tracheal Defect ◽  
Airway Invasion ◽  
Well Differentiated

AbstractThe majority of well differentiated thyroid carcinoma are tumours of low grade malignancy. Laryngotracheal invasion by well differentiated thyroid carcinoma is an uncommon occurrence. The surgical management of patients with thyroid cancer invading the upper airway has primarily been by total laryngectomy. Other surgeons recommend in selected cases partial laryngeal and/or tracheal resection.A total of 122 patients with thyroid carcinoma were treated in our department between 1967 and 1982. Only seven patients with well differentiated tumours had airway invasion. In these seven patients we used a partial laryngeal and/or tracheal resection. In three of the patients with tracheal invasion a myoperichondrial flap was used for closing the tracheal defect. A partial resection of the larynx and trachea, and end to end anastomosis between the trachea and the remaining part of the larynx was performed in another four patients.

scholarly journals Thyroid Carcinoma in Hot Nodules: Review of the Literature

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pouya Iranmanesh ◽  
Marc Pusztaszeri ◽  
John Robert ◽  
Patrick Meyer ◽  
Boris Schiltz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Abnormal Finding ◽  
Thyroid Cancers ◽  
Thyroid Carcinomas ◽  
Medical Databases ◽  
The Past

ABSTRACT Thyroid hot nodules are virtually always considered benign. Rare cases of hot thyroid carcinoma exist. We briefly described a clinical case and performed a review of the literature. We performed an extensive research on medical databases, such as PubMed and compiled all published cases matching preset criteria defining true hot thyroid carcinomas as well as guidelines regarding their management. We analyzed 103 articles published over the past 50 years. We selected 16 articles, including 45 cases matching our criteria. The majority were follicular carcinomas. Papillary carcinomas were infrequently found in this setting. Recommended management and survival rates were similar to classical cold thyroid cancer. Although hot nodules should continue to be considered benign most of the time, rare cases of hot thyroid cancers exist and clinicians should not hesitate to ask for additional tests if they encounter any abnormal finding. This form of thyroid cancer can reasonably be managed the same way as the cold thyroid cancers. How to cite this article Iranmanesh P, Pusztaszeri M, Robert J, Meyer P, Schiltz B, Sadowski SM, Goumaz MO, Triponez F. Thyroid Carcinoma in Hot Nodules: Review of the Literature. World J Endoc Surg 2013;5(2):50-54.

scholarly journals Clinicopathological and metastasis status of follicular thyroid cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
Xuan Hau Nguyen ◽  
◽  
Thi Phuong Anh Nguyen ◽  
Van Quang Le ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Nodal Metastasis ◽  
Follicular Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Male Ratio ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Metastatic Sites ◽  
Undetermined Significance

This study aims to evaluate the clinicopathological and metastasis status of follicular thyroid cancer at K Hospital. We conducted a retrospective combined with prospective cohort study of 48 follicular thyroid carcinoma patients treated by surgery at K hospital from January 2016 to July 2020. The mean age was 44±16.1 and the female/male ratio was 4.3/1. Most patients presented with an asymptomatic and had a unilateral tumor with mean diameter was 21.7±12 mm. 72.9% of tumors were classified as TIRADS 4 on ultrasound, and FNA did not play a big role in the diagnosis of follicular thyroid carcinoma with undetermined significance result in 48.9% of cases. Distant metastasis in 18.8%, the most common metastatic sites were bone, followed by the lungs. The overall rate of nodal metastasis was 31.3%. Cancer in both thyroid lobes had significantly associated with nodal metastasis (p<0.05)

Punica granatum (pomegranate) peel extract exerts potent antitumor and anti-metastasis activity in thyroid cancer

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (87) ◽  
pp. 84523-84535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujue Li ◽  
Tinghong Ye ◽  
Fangfang Yang ◽  
Mingxing Hu ◽  
Libo Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Pomegranate Peel ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Pomegranate Peel Extract ◽  
Peel Extract

The incidence of thyroid carcinoma has obviously been rising throughout the world during the past ten years.

scholarly journals RARE COMPLICATION OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF THYROID CANCER

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-226
Author(s):  
R. M. Idiatullin ◽  
S. N. Styazhkina ◽  
R. R. Arslanov ◽  
P. V. Isaeva ◽  
G. F. Nizamova
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Blood Supply ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Thyroid Tumor ◽  
Papillary Cancer ◽  
Main Method ◽  
The Past ◽  
Upper Third

Thyroid cancer is the leading cancer in the endocrine system. Over the past few decades, the incidence of this pathology worldwide has increased at a higher rate than other cancers. The main method of treatment for thyroid cancer is surgical. Some of the complications that can result from surgical treatment are tracheomalacia and trachea damage. Tracheomalacia is a pathological softening of tracheal rings resulting from prolonged compression of the trachea resulting in degenerative changes in cartilages. As a result of the removal of the thyroid tumor, a defect of its wall may form. Damage of the trachea can occur when the thyroid isthmus is separated from it. In addition, when separating the thyroid gland from the trachea, performing central lymphodissection, the blood supply of the trachea may be disturbed, which is carried out according to the segmental type, characterized by a lack of the number of collaterals. There is presented a clinical case of successful treatment of a rare complication after thyroid surgery for papillary cancer in the form of trachea in a patient of 49 years. By analyzing the clinical example, taking into account the macroscopic picture of trachea defects, their location and dimensions, it is possible to assume segmental disorder of blood supply of the upper third of the trachea in the postoperative period with the development of ischemic changes and regions of necrosis of ring ligaments. In order to prevent such complications in thyroid operations, it is necessary to preserve the paratracheal vascular anastomotic network by carefully preparing the tracheal branches of the lower thyroid artery.

scholarly journals Characteristics of thyroid carcinoma in Graves' disease, chronic lymphocitic thyroiditis and nodular goiter

2003 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Filipovic ◽  
Ivan Paunovic
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Nodular Goiter ◽  
Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Anaplastic Carcinoma ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Associated Diseases ◽  
Clinical Centre ◽  
Well Differentiated

The biology of thyroid cancer represents a spectrum of behavior ranging from well - differentiated lesions with an excellent prognosis to anaplastic carcinoma, wich is almost fatal. For this reason, it is important that clinicians have methods at their disposal to asses the characteristics of patient's thyroid malignancy. In this work we discuss the behavior of differentiated thyroid cancer in associated diseases of thyroid as : Graves? disease, chronic lymphocitic thyroiditis - Hashimoto and nodular goiter. This is retrospectively reviewing of 50 patients treated for differentiated thyroid carcinoma at Department of surgery, Clinical Centre of Montenegro in Podgorica from 1998 until 2003. We evaluated occurrence, as well as the role of this diseases in patients with thyroid cancer.We found a more favorable course of thyroid cancer in the presence of chronic lymphocitic thyroiditis and nodular goiter, a contrary Graves? disease. In associated diseases of thyroid, a significantly greater proportion of patients with thyroid cancer, have modular goiter.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Outcomes of Recurrent Well-Differentiated Thyroid Carcinomas

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 304-313
Author(s):  
Chih-Yiu Tsai ◽  
Shu-Fu Lin ◽  
Szu-Tah Chen ◽  
Chuen Hsueh ◽  
Yann Sheng Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Recurrent Disease ◽  
Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Carcinomas ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Disease Specific Mortality ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Disease Specific

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate outcomes of the recurrent and non-recurrent groups including disease-specific mortality of patients with well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma after multimodality treatment. In addition, prognostic factors for disease-specific mortality were analyzed. Summary of Background Data Among 2,844, there were 166 patients with recurrent disease. Recurrent disease was defined as the presence of papillary or follicular thyroid cancer 6 months after the initial thyroidectomy, including locoregional or distant metastasis, diagnosed using diagnostic or therapeutic 131I scans or other imaging techniques. Methods The study was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data for a long-term follow-up result of well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma patients. Results The mean age of 166 patients was 45.8 ± 1.2 years, 116 (69.9%) were women, 111 (66.9%) had locoregional neck recurrence, and 55 (33.1%) had metastatic recurrence in distant organs. We found that when recurrences were observed, more than half were detected within the first 5 years following the initial therapy. The longest period of time before relapse was 29.8 years. After a mean follow-up period of 12.7 ± 0.5 years, 37 (22.3%) patients experienced disease-specific mortality. Multivariable analysis revealed that older age, male sex, and development of a second primary malignancy were associated with disease-specific mortality. Higher post-operative levels of thyroglobulin predicted a shorter time to relapse. Conclusions These data indicate that among the recurrent cases over 50% of recurrent well-differentiated thyroid carcinomas were diagnosed within 5 years after initial thyroidectomy. Additionally, more than 20% of the patients died of thyroid cancer.

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