Effect of lower two-level anterior cervical fusion on the superior adjacent level

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Hyuk Park ◽  
Prem Ramakrishnan ◽  
Tai-Hyoung Cho ◽  
Eric Lorenz ◽  
Jason C. Eck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Intradiscal Pressure ◽  
T Test ◽  
Anterior Cervical Fusion ◽  
Segmental Motion ◽  
Cervical Fusion ◽  
Lateral Bending ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pressure Changes

Object Symptomatic multisegment disease is most common at the C5–6 and C6–7 levels, and two-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is performed most often at these levels. Therefore, it may be clinically important to know whether a C5–7 fusion affects the superior C4–5 segment. A biomechanical study was carried out using cadaveric cervical spine specimens to determine the effect of lower two-level anterior cervical fusion on intradiscal pressure and segmental motion at the superior adjacent vertebral level. Methods Five cadaveric cervical spine specimens were used in this study. The specimens were stabilized at T-1 and loaded at C-3 to 15° flexion, 10° extension, and 10° lateral bending before and after simulated two-level ACDF with plate placement at C5–7. Intradiscal pressure was recorded at the C4–5 level, and segmental motion was recorded from C-4 through C-7. Differences in mean intradiscal pressures were calculated and analyzed using a paired Student t-test. When the maximum calibrated intradiscal pressures were exceeded (“overshot”) during measurements, data from the specimens involved were analyzed using the motion data with a Student t-test. Values for pressure and motion obtained before and after simulated ACDF were compared. Results During flexion, the mean intradiscal pressure changes (± standard deviations) in the pre- and post-ACDF measurements were 1275 (± 225) mm Hg and 2475 (± 75) mm Hg, respectively (p < 0.05). When the results of pre-ACDF testing were compared with post-ACDF results, no significant difference was found in the mean changes in the intradiscal pressure during extension and lateral bending. The maximum calibrated intradiscal pressures were exceeded during the post-ACDF testing in four specimens in extension, three in flexion, and two in lateral bending. Comparison of pre- and post-ACDF data for all five specimens revealed significant differences in motion and intradiscal pressure (p < 0.05) during flexion, significant differences in motion (p < 0.05) but not in intradiscal pressure during extension, and significant differences in intradiscal pressure changes (p < 0.05) but not in motion during lateral bending. Conclusions Simulated C5–7 ACDF caused a significant increase in intradiscal pressure and segmental motion in the superior adjacent C4–5 level during physiological motion. The increased pressure and hypermobility might accelerate normal degenerative changes in the vertebral levels adjacent to the anterior cervical fusion.

Anterior Cervical Fusion and Osteosynthetic Stabilization According to Caspar: A Prospective Study of 41 Patients with Fractures and/or Dislocations of the Cervical Spine

Neurosurgery ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 865-871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Goffin ◽  
Christian Plets ◽  
Raymond Van den Bergh
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Compression Fracture ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Anterior Cervical Fusion ◽  
Cervical Fusion ◽  
Facet Dislocation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Neurologically Normal ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Cervical Level

Abstract Between June 1984 and April 1988, 41 patients with severe posttraumatic lesions of the cervical spine between the C2-C3 and the C7-T1 level seen consecutively were treated by an anterior cervical fusion and osteosynthetic stabilization according to Caspar. These patients were prospectively studied. Seven patients had a bilateral facet dislocation, 5 a unilateral facet dislocation, 9 an anterior subluxation, 9 an anterior compression fracture, 5 a hangman's fracture, and 6 a hyperextension injury at a lower cervical level. From a neurological point of view, there were 12 patients with an initial complete transverse lesion and 14 with an incomplete transverse lesion, and the remaining 15 patients did not have any deficit initially. Four patients died during the first 3 months after the operation. In 38 patients good anatomical position was obtained, generally by the intraoperative use of the vertebral distractor of Caspar. In all patients excellent immediate postoperative stability of the spine was obtained, although in 2 patients a second operation was necessary a few days after the first one. Postoperatively all patients were “immobilized” by a soft collar for 3 months. Four patients with an initial complete transverse lesion showed some neurological recovery in the postoperative period, and all patients with an incomplete transverse lesion improved. There were no postoperative neurological disturbances in the group of patients who were neurologically normal from the beginning. The mean postoperative hospitalization time was 13.6 days. These results were compared to the results from the literature, concerning other conservative and operative treatments for posttraumatic lesions of the cervical spine.

Immediate effects of static and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching of hamstring muscles on straight leg raise, craniovertebral angle, and cervical spine range of motion in neck pain patients with hamstring tightness: A prospective randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Eun-Dong Jeong ◽  
Chang-Yong Kim ◽  
Nack-Hwan Kim ◽  
Hyeong-Dong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Neck Pain ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
T Test ◽  
Static Stretching ◽  
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Straight Leg Raise ◽  
Pain Patients ◽  
Group Effects

BACKGROUND: The cranio-cervical flexion exercise and sub-occipital muscle inhibition technique have been used to improve a forward head posture among neck pain patients with straight leg raise (SLR) limitation. However, little is known about the cranio-vertebral angle (CVA) and cervical spine range of motion (CROM) after applying stretching methods to the hamstring muscle. OBJECTIVE: To compare the immediate effects of static stretching and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching on SLR, CVA, and CROM in neck pain patients with hamstring tightness. METHODS: 64 subjects were randomly allocated to the static stretching (n1= 32) or proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (n2= 32) stretching group. The SLR test was performed to measure the hamstring muscle’s flexibility and tightness between the two groups, with CROM and CVA also being measured. The paired t-test was used to compare all the variables within each group before and after the intervention. The independent t-test was used to compare the two groups before and after the stretching exercise. RESULTS: There were no between-group effects for any outcome variables (P> 0.05). However, all SLR, CVA, and CROM outcome variables were significantly improved within-group (P< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: There were no between-group effects for any outcome variable; however, SLR, CVA, and CROM significantly improved within-group after the one-session intervention in neck pain patients with hamstring tightness.

scholarly journals A Study of Executive Function in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease before and after a Single Session of Hemodialysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 250-255
Author(s):  
Vasantmeghna S. Murthy ◽  
Vedant S. Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
T Test ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Dialysis Unit ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Executive functions (EFs) are critical to daily life and sensitive to our physiological functioning and emotional states. The number of people living with chronic kidney disease (CKD) on hemodialysis (HD) globally is increasing steadily. We aimed to determine the impact of a single session of HD on EFs in patients with CKD receiving maintenance HD (MHD). Methods This was a quasi-experimental study conducted at the department of psychiatry and dialysis unit of a tertiary hospital. Patients undergoing MHD underwent screening to rule out delirium, using the Confusion Assessment Method prior to EF testing. The tests of EF used were the Trail-Making Test—Part B (TMT-B) and Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), both of which were administered before and after a session of HD. Statistical tests used were Wilcoxon matched pairs signed ranks test, paired t-test, single sample t-test, and correlation analyses. Results The mean time taken on TMT-B before HD was 195.36 seconds and after HD, 171.1 seconds; difference is significant (p = 0.0001). The mean FAB score was 13.19 before HD and 14.83 after HD; the difference is significant (p < 0.0001). Significant differences were observed on similarities (p = 0.003), lexical fluency (p = 0.02), and go–no go (p = 0.003) subtests of FAB. Mean TMT-B scores before and after HD differed significantly from that of a reference study (reference TMT-B 150.69 seconds), p = 0.0002 and 0.04, respectively. Conclusion We conclude that patients with CKD on MHD, in general, have worse executive cognitive functioning compared with healthy populations. A session of HD results in significant improvement in these functions.

Biomechanical Study on the Effect of Cervical Spine Fusion on Adjacent-Level Intradiscal Pressure and Segmental Motion

Spine ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 27 (22) ◽  
pp. 2431-2434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason C. Eck ◽  
S. Craig Humphreys ◽  
Tae-Hong Lim ◽  
Soon Tack Jeong ◽  
Jesse G. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Biomechanical Study ◽  
Intradiscal Pressure ◽  
Spine Fusion ◽  
Segmental Motion ◽  
Adjacent Level ◽  
Cervical Spine Fusion

scholarly journals Training Badminton Footwork Ten Repetitions Two Sets Better Than Five Repetitions Four Sets for The Improvement of Leg Muscle Strength

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
I Putu Astrawan ◽  
I Putu Prisa Jaya
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Leg Muscle ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Group 1

Background: Footwork training is important in coaching basic movements in badminton. This research aims to learn about the influence of footwork training on improving leg muscles strength. Methods: The study used a randomized pretest-posttest control group design. The participants consisted of 42 male badminton players of Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, Bali, Indonesia, who split into two groups of footwork training (ten repetitions two sets (group 1) and five repetitions with four sets (group 2)). The coach gave the footwork exercise three times per week for 6 weeks to each group and measured the leg muscle strength using the dynamometer test. Results: The result of the within-group paired T-test before and after the training shows group 1 and group 2 (p<0.05). For group 1, the mean of leg muscle strength was 114.19±33.13 kg before the training and 183.19±33.56 kg after the training, with an increase of 60% (69 kg). On the other hand, for group 2, the mean score of leg muscle strength before the training was 113.05±31.30 kg and after the training was 141.10±34.91, with an increase of 25% (28 kg). The leg muscle strength difference between the groups before and after the training was tested using the independent T-test with a significant α=0.05. Comparing the differences of leg muscle strength for both the groups before the training was p= 0.90, and after the training was p=0.00. Conclusion: The conclusion is training badminton footwork ten repetition two sets better than five repetitions four sets to improve leg muscle strength.

scholarly journals The Use of Cloze Test To Test Reading Comprehension of Non-English Department Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Sri Sukarni
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
T Test ◽  
English Department ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cloze Test

This research aimed to describe the result of the non-English department students’ reading comprehension tested by using cloze test and the effect of using cloze test on non-English department students’ achievement on reading comprehension. This research is classified into pre-experimental research that used one group pre-test and post-test design.  The population of this research is the non-English department students in the academic Year 2020/2021 with a total number of 107 students. The researcher used non-probability sampling type purposive sampling technique and there were 44 students taken as samples. The test is the instrument in this research. Data are taken from the result of pre-test and post-test then analyzed by using statistical technique. The analysis is used to find the significant difference in the students’ reading comprehension ability before and after the use of cloze test. In this research, the researcher used paired sample t-test through SPSS 17.0 to analyze the data. Based on data analysis, the mean score of the pre-test was 46.86 categorized as poor whereas the mean score of the post-test was 65.61 categorized as average to good. The mean score of the pre-test 46.86 smaller than 65.61 mean scores of the post-test. It meant that there was a difference mean score of students’ reading comprehension between the pre-test and post-test. This finding showed there was a different score before and after giving treatment. The result of paired samples t-test analysis showed the significance value Sig. (2-tailed) < alpha (0.000 < 0.05). Therefore, the alternative hypotheses which stated that there is an effect of using cloze test on improving non-English department students’ reading comprehension is accepted. It is concluded that there was an effect of cloze test on improving non-English department students’ reading comprehension.

scholarly journals PARTICULARITIES IN TREATMENT OF ESOPHAGEAL PERFORATION AFTER CERVICAL SPINE FUSION EXPERIENCE OF TREATMENT OF 24 PATIENTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-71
Author(s):  
A N Pogodina ◽  
A A Green ◽  
D S Kasatkin ◽  
A K Kaikov ◽  
A S Lvov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Anterior Cervical Fusion ◽  
Cervical Fusion ◽  
Double Row ◽  
Golden Standard ◽  
Repeated Surgery ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Cervical Spine Fusion ◽  
Access Surgery ◽  
Adequate Decompression

The aim of the study is to specify the causes, peculiarities of the damage and the tactics of treating patients with clinically significant damages to the esophagus after the anterior cervical fusion or in combination with it.Material and methods: medical treatment of 24 patients in Sklifosovsky Emergency Research Institute with the damage to the esophagus after the front access surgery of the cervical spine during the period of 2003-2016 was analyzed.Results: we succeeded to restore or save the support ability of the spine for all patients and at the same time to take away the infected transplants, and, if necessary, to make adequate decompression of neurovascular entities of the spine column and fixation of the verbal-motor segment. 21 patients underwent conserving surgery in the cervical esophagus with its suturing with the double-row suture. 2 patients had failure of seams in the esophagus and they underwent a repeated surgery of suturing its defect. 2 patients underwent organodetrital surgeries. One patient died. Conclusion: damages to the esophagus after anterior cervical fusion or in combination with it are rare complications. That is why it is impossible to gain much experience in treating of such patients in only one clinic. In this case all publications on this topic are of great interest. Due to unsatisfactory results of the conservative therapy we should consider surgical treatment in general hospitals with the participation of a multidisciplinary brigade the golden standard.

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