A Pilot Study of the Effect of Otago Exercise Program on Fall Risk and Quality of Life of Older Women

Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of the Otago Exercise Program on the risk of falling and the quality of life of older people. Methods: The method used was experimental research with pretest-posttest design and control group design, involving 16 participants. Before and after treatment, respondents measured the risk of falling using a Timed-Up-and-Go test (TUGT) and quality of life using the World Health Organization Quality of Life BREF (WHOQL-BREF). Furthermore, the obtained data were analyzed using the paired T-test and independent T-test. Results: The results showed a significant effect on the risk of fall and the quality of life of the older people in the treatment group. In addition, there were significant different influences on the value of falling risk and quality of life (physical and environmental) between the treatment and control groups. Conclusion: The Otago exercise program had a significant effect on reducing the risk of falls and improving the quality of life of older people.

Training Badminton Footwork Ten Repetitions Two Sets Better Than Five Repetitions Four Sets for The Improvement of Leg Muscle Strength

Background: Footwork training is important in coaching basic movements in badminton. This research aims to learn about the influence of footwork training on improving leg muscles strength. Methods: The study used a randomized pretest-posttest control group design. The participants consisted of 42 male badminton players of Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, Bali, Indonesia, who split into two groups of footwork training (ten repetitions two sets (group 1) and five repetitions with four sets (group 2)). The coach gave the footwork exercise three times per week for 6 weeks to each group and measured the leg muscle strength using the dynamometer test. Results: The result of the within-group paired T-test before and after the training shows group 1 and group 2 (p<0.05). For group 1, the mean of leg muscle strength was 114.19±33.13 kg before the training and 183.19±33.56 kg after the training, with an increase of 60% (69 kg). On the other hand, for group 2, the mean score of leg muscle strength before the training was 113.05±31.30 kg and after the training was 141.10±34.91, with an increase of 25% (28 kg). The leg muscle strength difference between the groups before and after the training was tested using the independent T-test with a significant α=0.05. Comparing the differences of leg muscle strength for both the groups before the training was p= 0.90, and after the training was p=0.00. Conclusion: The conclusion is training badminton footwork ten repetition two sets better than five repetitions four sets to improve leg muscle strength.

Ergonomic Intervention on Physical Therapy Programs Decrease Pain and Disability Level on Subject with Myogenic Low Back Pain: A Case Report

Introduction: Myogenic Low Back Pain is an uncomfortable pain on the lower back, often caused by musculoskeletal disorders resulting in pain and disability. This case report aims to review ergonomic intervention on physical therapy program on myogenic low back pain. Case description: A 45-years-old man working as a roof tile craftsman complained of pain in the lower back area and already felt it for 1 month ago. The pain did not radiate to the leg. The patient has no neurological signs and symptoms. Patient-reported that he had experienced the same incident about 9 times in the last 3 years ago. The patient always performed bending motion and lifting the roof tile every day. The patient has been visited physical therapy and received ergonomic intervention and physical therapy programs such as core stability exercise, soft tissue mobilization and modalities for seven weeks. Following the ergonomic intervention and therapeutic exercise application, the Visual Analogue Scale score decreased from 6 to 0. The Modified Oswestry Disability Index score gradually decreased from 60% disability to 0% disability. The patient no longer complained of MLBP and was able to lift the roof tile well. Conclusion: After a seven-weeks physical therapy treatment session, the patient did not feel pain and can perform forward bending. Modified Oswestry Disability Index score improved and demonstrated improved lifting the roof tile without any complaints. We concluded that the ergonomic intervention combined with physical therapy programs effectively decreased pain and disability level on a subject with MLBP

Exercises with A Target Heart Rate both Safety and Effectiveness for Reducing Sedentary Effects During Pandemic of Covid-19

Introduction: Limited activities will increase the risk of sedentary activity, so that it will become a new problem. Exercise is an effort to reduce sedentary activity and reduce boredom, maintain health, and increase the immune system. The right kind of exercise will have a good and bad impact. Therefore, this study aims to look at exercise with a target heart rate, safety and effectiveness, and reduce sedentary effects during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods: The data used has been through literature studies obtained from research articles including PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. With keywords, including COVID-19 pandemic, sedentary effects, exercise, target heart rate. The data analysis technique used is argumentative, descriptive analysis. Results: Based on the literature view, the writer found ten related articles. This study provides evidence of the effect of exercise with target heart rate both safety and effectiveness for reducing sedentary effect. This article explained that it knows the exercise heart rate that the heart wants to reach and can be accepted by the heart, reduces lipid, increases the immune response, improves fitness and heart health. Conclusion: Exercises can use the target heart rate to provide an overview of the range of training zones you want to achieve and provide safety and effectiveness in exercising, especially the cardiovascular system.

Exercise Program in Post-Surgical Release of Knee Flexion Contracture in Patient with Osteochondroma: A Case Report

Introduction: Knee flexion contracture is caused by adaptive shortening of the muscles which is marked by the incapability of the knee to fully extend. This condition is associated with long periods of immobilization, pain, and muscle weakness that are caused by various pathological conditions. Post-surgical rehabilitation program is mainly aimed to recover basic lower limb functions through an exercise program. Case description: A 16-year-old male patient with a history of left-sided knee pain and fixed flexion contracture was undergone a surgical release procedure and diagnosed with osteochondroma. Post-surgical evaluation by physical therapist found muscle atrophy, limited range of motion, and pain on the operated limb. The patient was instructed to do muscle strengthening and active exercise on both legs. Exercise program post-surgery aimed to improve muscle strength, range of motion, functional limb ability and activities of daily living. Improvement in the range of motion of the left knee joint was observed after three sessions of physical therapy intervention. Conclusion: Exercise program could reduce the muscle contracture and improve the knee joint range of motion in patients with osteochondroma following surgical release procedure.

Ultra-Reiz Current Appears to be More Effective Modality than Interferential for People with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Block Clinical Trial

Introduction: Today, increased degenerative disease of the knee, which reduces the efficiency of the activity and quality of life, is one of the most common causes of many population complaints. It is important to properly plan and carry out non-invasive and non-pharmacological therapies to treat the pain and its consequences. The question of which of methods effectively relieves pain, improve function and efficiently increases life quality led to a comparison of two methods, interferential and ultra-reiz (Träbert) currents therapy. Methods: Randomized Block clinical trial carried out at Taleghani general hospital Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences from November 2017 to February 2019. The study included 104 patients of both sexes, aged 38-74 years, with knee osteoarthritis. They were selected based on exclusion and inclusion criteria. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups: A and B. Group A, n: 52 patients, were received ultra-reiz current, and group B, n: 52 patients, were subjected to interferential current. Parameters assessment were evaluated by the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) questionnaire with 5 domains: pain, symptoms, ADL, sports/recreational activity, and quality of life. Data were collected at the 1st session and at the end of treatment (at least three times a week). The obtained results were subject to statistical analysis. Results: Data were analyzed in SPSS software by using paired and two independent sample t-test. The mean scores before and after treatment with p-value range 0.002~0.764 showed that there were differences in pain, other symptoms, ADL, sport/recreational activity, and quality of life status between ultra-reiz and IFT groups, but the results were statistically more significant in the ultra-reiz group (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Our study showed that ultra-reiz and IFT were effective for patients with knee OA, but ultra-reiz became a more effective modality than IFT in OA patients.

Knee Spine Syndrome Mechanism in Knee Osteoarthritis: Review Article

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common arthritis and one of the main causes of disability. This injury can occur in any joint, but the most common OA occurrence globally, especially in Indonesia, is Knee OA (KOA). Damage caused by KOA's degenerative process affects the knee and affects the surrounding structures, such as the lumbar vertebra, which increases symptoms of low back pain (LBP). The occurrence of symptoms of LBP is thought to be caused by knee spine syndrome, which is a condition reduced lumbar lordosis angle due to the degenerative phase of KOA. the mechanism of this syndrome has not yet been discussed in detail, so further discussion is needed in the future. Methods: We searched articles using a list of keywords, including "knee osteoarthritis and low back pain", "knee osteoarthritis and knee contracture", "knee contracture and muscle weakness", "knee contracture and spinal alignments", "knee osteoarthritis and spinal alignment", "knee osteoarthritis and sagittal spinal alignment", and "muscle activation and spinal imbalance" on the data sources of PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The argumentative, descriptive analysis was used for the data analysis technique. Results: Based on the literature search, the author found four related articles. This study provides evidence of the effect of KOA on lumbar proprioception. These articles explained that an impact on knee posture could have long-term effects both in the spine and pelvis, such as lumbar lordosis. Conclusion: Knee spine syndrome results from a reduced angle of lumbar lordosis, increasing pressure between discs, which might increase LBP symptoms. In the future, it is hoped that there will be studies that raise the relationship between KOA and symptom of LBP.

Online Game Duration Associated to Neck Functional Disability in Esports Athletes

Background: Online games are a form of online recreational activity that is very easy to access and can be played at any time. Playing online games for a long time can cause several disturbances, such as a neck's functional disorder. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the duration of playing online games and Neck Functional Disability among esports. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study which was conducted in November-December 2019. The sample in this study is recruited from the esport community in Denpasar-Bali, with 62 respondents. Results: The data from 62 people, the range of active esport activity duration was 12-24 months, and the duration of active playing games per day was 5-10 hours. Most respondents aged 18-21 years were 47 respondents (75.8%), and at the age of 22-25 years were 15 respondents (24.2%). More male respondents were 42 respondents (67.7%) than 20 female respondents (32.3%). Respondents in the 13-18 months category were 28 respondents (45.2%). Category 19-24 months as many as 16 respondents (28.8%), and category 6-12 months as many as 18 respondents (29.0%). There were 24 respondents in the neck disability categories (38.7%), 18 in the severe category (29.0%), and 20 in the mild category (32.3%). Conclusion: Regardless of this study's limitations, respondents who participated actively in sports for a long period was associated with neck disabilities. Respondents who actively play online games for13-18 months and 19-24 months are associated with moderate and severe neck disabilities.

Explosive Power of Front Kick in The Perform of Martial Art Athletes

Introduction: Martial art is a new sport that first competed in the 18th Asian Games. The front kick techniques in matches are more often used than other techniques. This study aims to identify whether Contract-Relax Stretching (CRS) affects the athlete's front kick explosive power performance. Methods: This study uses one group pre-test post-test design approach. The sample population was 30 respondents. Martial art athletes are given CRS. Results: Analysis probability value shows significant p<0.001, whereas vertical jump test increased the explosive power performance from poor to average and average to good. Conclusion: Performance of explosive power in the front kick of martial arts athletes increases after being given a CRS.

Effectiveness of Kinesio Taping and Retro Walking Exercise on the Knee Range of Motion in Older People with Osteoarthritis

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease of the synovial joint marked by chondropathy with the proliferation of new bone and also renovation of joint contour. Knee OA is associated with age, gender, and excessive weight conditions, conservatively treated using physical therapy intervention such as Kinesio taping and retro walking exercise to enhance the range of motion of knee joint. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Kinesio taping and retro walking exercise on the knee range of motion in older people with osteoarthritis. Methods: This study used quasi-experimental two groups pre-test and post-test design, which was involving 30 respondents by using purposive sampling as a sample collection technique. Additionally, the sample was divided into two intervention groups. Furthermore, the obtained data were analyzed using the Mann Whitney test. Results: After the intervention period, pre-test and post-test within-group analysis showed a significant improvement of knee ROM in the Kinesio taping group (P<0.001) and retro walking group (P=0.019). Furthermore, the analysis for mean differences of pre-test and post-test between-group comparison accepted the study hypothesis that Kinesio taping had a bigger effect than retro walking exercise to improve knee ROM (P=0.01). Conclusion: Both Kinesio taping and retro walking exercises were influencing ROM improvement in the elderly. However, the mean result showed that Kinesio taping was giving more influence in enhancing ROM as compared to retro walking exercise.