A pioneer from the Islamic Golden Age: Haly Abbas and spinal traumas in his principal work, The Royal Book

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deniz Belen ◽  
Ahmet Aciduman
Keyword(s):  
History Of Medicine ◽  
Spinal Diseases ◽  
Islamic Medicine ◽  
Great Progress ◽  
History Of ◽  
Medical Learning ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Principal Work ◽  
Medical Encyclopedia ◽  
Islamic Golden Age

✓ Spinal diseases have attracted medical scientists throughout the history of medicine, probably because they are relatively easy to diagnose and fairly simple to treat. Physicians who made great progress in medicine during the glorious Islamic civilizations also enthusiastically dealt with spine-related problems. More than a thousand years ago Persia was a cradle of medical learning, and Islamic medicine and other sciences spread westward from that center. A leading figure during this period was Haly Abbas, who created an excellent and compact medical encyclopedia, The Royal Book. Sadly, this book has rarely been cited in the literature. The subject of the present vignette is Abbas’ work regarding spinal trauma.

Food for inefficient thought

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-148
Author(s):  
Melvin D. Levine ◽  
Craig B. Liden
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
History Of Medicine ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Current Issue ◽  
School Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Subject

The notion that "even an unwholesome diet" may have an impact upon the function of the central nervous system has been a recurring theme in the history of medicine and the study of human behavior. In the current issue of Pediatrics, Conners et al.1 present an important exploration of a comtemporary hypothesis regarding this association. Ultimately, their and other studies on the subject may modify our approach to the inefficient school-age child, or, alternatively, such pursuits may form another unfulfilling flirtation in the on-going romance between behaviorists and food faddists. THE POPULATION CONSIDERED In recent years, there has been growing awareness that there exists a population of children whose performance in life is handicapped significantly by intrinsic or constitutional inefficiencies.

scholarly journals Wybrane kolekcje historyczne z zakresu historii medycyny i farmacji we współczesnych zbiorach muzealnych i bibliotekach naukowych Stambułu – część pierwsza

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-131
Author(s):  
Bożena Płonka-Syroka
Keyword(s):  
History Of Medicine ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
Islamic Medicine ◽  
Critical Editions ◽  
Historical Collections ◽  
Printed Books ◽  
Scientific Institutions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Scientific Libraries

Selected historical collections in the field of the history of medicine and pharmacy in the contemporary museum collections and scientific libraries of Istanbul. Part one In the collections of Turkish public scientific institutions, museums and libraries, there are extensive resources of historical artifacts connected thematically with the history of medicine and pharmacy. They include mainly manuscript books in Arabic, Persian, Turkish and also in Greek and Latin, which were gathered in the capital of the Ottoman Empire. The historical and medical collections contain also numerous printed books, including critical editions of the work by the classic authors of Islamic medicine together with their translations into congressional languages. In Istanbul, we can also fi nd numerous examples of various types of devices and equipment used in connection with the treatment and production of medicines. The article consists of two parts. The first part presents the outline of the history of the evelopment of historical collections in Istanbul connected with the history of medicine and pharmacy. The second part describes selected museum facilities and collections.

History of Medicine in Sub-Saharan Africa

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyn Schumaker
Keyword(s):  
History Of Medicine ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Colonial Medicine ◽  
African History ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Medical Traditions

This article aims to bring together two historiographical strands, one originating in the discipline of the history of medicine, and the other originating in African history. It begins with African medicine and its historical development and discusses colonial medicine, which is the subject of much recent scholarship. Africa's experience of colonial medicine has challenged the traditional view of colonial hegemony. It shows that valuable insights have come through study of the variable acceptance of colonial medicine in Africa and it has strengthened the racial cleavages of colonial societies. It discusses the historiography of medicine in Africa, pointing out its gaps and failures as well as its accomplishments. It directs attention to the underlying conditions of the production of research — funding priorities and publication targets that maintain the dominance of the history of Western medicine as a subject, while marginalizing the medical traditions of Africa and the developing world.

scholarly journals Avan-zâde Mehmed Süleyman and the first physical anthropology studies in OttomansAvan-zâde Mehmed Süleyman ve Osmanlılarda ilk fizik antropoloji çalışmaları

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 4020
Author(s):  
İsmail Dinçarslan ◽  
Erksin Güleç
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
History Of Medicine ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Physical Anthropology ◽  
The Other ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Weight Growth ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

The first known study on the physical growth of children in Ottomans was “Şâkirdlerimizin nemâ-yı bedenîsi” by Nafi Atuf (Kansu) in 1917 which was on the students living in Bursa. As a result of literature review, we reached the book named “Almanlar Gibi Kuvvetli ve Uzun Boylu Nasıl Olmalı?” written by Avan-zâde Mehmed Süleyman in 1335/1916 in Ottoman Turkish and the transliteration of the book was done by us. With the scope of this study, the content of the book and the data on the author were simplified in accordance with today’s Turkish by keeping to the original. In addition, the book was evaluated with regards to physical anthropology, the history of medicine and sociology. In the book which is one of the first pre-republican physical anthropological studies, the author deals with the factors affecting stature, weight, growth and development in order to raise healthier generations. On the other hand, by the subject of the study (to raise healthier generations) the approache of the author related to race and eugenics was evaluated in his period. ÖzetOsmanlılarda çocukların fiziksel büyümesi üzerine literatürde bilinen ilk çalışma Nafi Atuf (Kansu) tarafından 1917 yılında Bursa’da yaşayan öğrenciler üzerine yapılan, Şâkirdlerimizin nemâ-yı bedenîsi adlı çalışmadır. Bununla birlikte tarafımızdan yapılan literatür taramasında, Avan-zâde Mehmed Süleyman’ın 1335/1916 yılında Osmanlıca olarak kaleme aldığı Almanlar Gibi Kuvvetli ve Uzun Boylu Nasıl Olmalı? adlı kitabına ulaşılmış ve eserin transliterasyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışma kapsamında eserin içeriği ve yazarı hakkında bilgiler, eserin aslına bağlı kalınarak günümüz Türkçesine uygun biçimde sadeleştirilmiş ve fizik antropoloji, tıp ve toplumbilim tarihi açısından değerlendirilmiştir. Cumhuriyet öncesi ilk fizik antropoloji çalışmalarından biri olma özelliğini taşıyan eserde, yazar genel hatlarıyla, daha sağlıklı nesillerin yetiştirilebilmesi için boy, kilo ve büyüme-gelişmeyi etkileyen faktörleri ele almıştır. Beslenme, geçim tarzı, toplumun fiziki ve kültürel çevreye uyarlanması gibi konuları içeren eser, toplum ve çocuk sağlığı konularına ilişkin bilgilerde içermektedir. Diğer taraftan çalışmanın konusu gereği (daha sağlıklı nesiller yetiştirmek) çalışmacının ırk, ırk ıslahı ve kontrolüne (öjeni) ilişkin yaklaşımı kendi dönemi içerisinde değerlendirilmiştir.

Walnuts for Brains

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-93
Author(s):  
David Hutchings
Keyword(s):  
History Of Medicine ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Common ◽  
John William Draper ◽  
The Church

This chapter debunks the common idea that the Church opposed or banned dissection, autopsies, anesthetic, and inoculation. In reality, it championed all of these. The key roles of John William Draper and Andrew Dickson White in popularizing and disseminating the false narrative are highlighted by analyzing their respective texts (History of the Conflict and A History of the Warfare), and some modern examples of the myths are also analyzed. This chapter includes a helicopter view of the history of medicine, and of attitudes within Christendom toward the subject. It concludes that the overall contribution of Christianity to medicine has been a positive one, not a negative one.

Medicine and Species: One Medicine, One History?

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G. W. Kirk ◽  
Michael Worboys
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
History Of Medicine ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Human Medicine ◽  
Interspecies Interactions ◽  
Present Position ◽  
Common Pool ◽  
Knowledge Practices ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

This article surveys the present position of the animal within the history of human medicine, linking this to work in the history of veterinary medicine, and also speculates on the value of making ‘species’ a central and unifying theme of a new history of medicine. It mentions that re-conceiving medicine as a set of knowledge-practices grounded in interspecies interactions promises to reinvigorate the subject. It draws on a diverse theoretical literature ranging from ‘animal studies’ to ‘post-human’ literature in order to suggest how such an approach could allow us to re-imagine what medicine has been and still may be. This is a timely project as the medical and veterinary professions, after long debating the notion of ‘one medicine’ as ‘a common pool of knowledge in microbiology, immunology, physiology, pathology and epidemiology’, are now calling to develop the field.

The horoscope of Iskandar Sultan

1984 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fateme Keshavarz
Keyword(s):  
History Of Medicine ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Arts And Sciences ◽  
South West ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Manuscript Production ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

In the spring of 1980, the author was asked to prepare a catalogue of the Persian manuscripts preserved in the library of the Wellcome Institute for the History of Medicine. During preliminary stages of this work a remarkable manuscript came to light which is the subject of the present article. This is the personal horoscope of Iskandar Sultan, the grandson of Tīmūr (d. 807/1405). Iskandar ruled in Fars, South West Iran, for five years from 1409 to 1414. He is best known for his interest in the arts and sciences and for his patronage of manuscript production.

The Importance of Hysteria

1986 ◽  
Vol 149 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Merskey
Keyword(s):  
History Of Medicine ◽  
Steady Flow ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

Hysteria has been a topic of interest throughout the history of medicine; those who have been concerned with it include Galen, Paré, Sydenham, Charcot and Freud. Anyone who chooses to proclaim its importance, therefore, might be asked to provide some reason for gilding the lily. Controversies have always attended the subject, and different disciplines still disagree over it. The diagnosis, which occurs in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9, 1978) has been deprecated on both sides of the Atlantic (Slater, 1965; DSM-III, 1980) and also advocated with varying degrees of fervour (Walshe, 1965; Lewis, 1975; Merskey, 1979). It is a subject of historical study (Veith, 1965; Walker, 1981; Shorter, 1984); there have been at least nine monographs on it since 1977 (Horowitz, 1977; Krohn, 1978; Jakubik, 1979; Merskey, 1979; Roy, 1982; Riley & Roy, 1982; Colliganet al.1982; Weintraub, 1983; Ford, 1983), and there is a steady flow of paper on the topic of hysteria or its major subdivisions (eg, hysterical personality, conversion symptoms) or pseudonyms and partial pseudonyms (eg, somatisation disorders, borderline personality, and operant pain).

The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Rugose Corals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

History of medicine

2001 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-136
Author(s):  
David Pearson ◽  
Susan Gove ◽  
John Lancaster
Keyword(s):  
History Of Medicine ◽  
History Of
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