scholarly journals SPIELBERGER STATE-TRAIT ANXIETY INVENTORY FOR PATIENTS WITH EXCESSIVE TOOTH ABRASION AND TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DISORDERS

2019 ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
N.S. Mahera
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Masticatory Muscles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Situational Anxiety ◽  
Personal Anxiety ◽  
High Level ◽  
Tooth Abrasion

Hypertonia and parafunction of masticatory muscles (bruxism), which cause prolonged non-functional sliding movements of the mandible against the maxilla with teeth closed, contribute to the development of functional overload. Increased activity of masticatory muscles may occur due to the agitation of the central nervous system. On the periphery, its action manifests itself in the form of dysfunctions and bruxism, which leads to fatigue in the masticatory muscles, their spasm and the development of symptoms of the pain dysfunction syndrome. There is also an inverse relationship between local disturbances of occlusion and the development of stress. This case occurs, because in stress situations the adaptive capacity for local disturbances of the motor part of the masticatory system, including the disturbances of occlusion, is reduced. This causes a motor reaction in the form of dysfunctions of closing masticatory apparatus, which, in long-term stressful situations, can turn into well-established habits. This explains the appearance of pain symptoms of dysfunction in stressful situations. Consequently, there is convincing evidence that psychological and psychosocial factors play an important role in understanding the TMDs, but there is no conclusive evidence that these factors are etiologic ones. The purpose of the study is to determine personal and situational anxiety in patients with excessive tooth abrasion alone and those with both excessive tooth abrasion and temporomandibular disorders, comparing them with each other. Materials and Methods. 68 patients were included in the study, 31 (45.6%) included male and 37 (54.4%) contained female patients aged 21 to 70. Studied patients were divided into two groups: the control group and the study group. The control group included 31 patients diagnosed only with excessive tooth abrasion in combination with possible other occlusal disorders. The study group included 37 patients with excessive tooth abrasion, possibly with other occlusal disorders and various forms of temporomandibular disorders: muscle, articular, and combined. The study was conducted individually using the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), which included instructions and 40 questions, 20 of which were designed to assess the level of situational anxiety (SA) and 20 – to assess the level of personal anxiety (PA). Online questionnaire at: http://psytests.org/psystate/spielberger-run.html was used for automatic data processing of Spielberger psychological evaluation of patients. Results. A high level of personal anxiety was observed in patients of the study group with both excessive tooth abrasion and TMDs, in comparison with patients in the control group (48.6% of patients in the study group vs. 0% in the control group), p<0.001. Furthermore, a significant prevalence of patients with a high level of situational anxiety was determined among the patients in the study group with excessive tooth abrasion and TMDs, in comparison with patients in the control group with excessive tooth abrasion alone (64.0% in the study group vs. 3.2% in the control group, p<0.001). Thus, statistically significant signs of a high level of personal and situational anxiety were found among patients with excessive tooth abrasion and present temporomandibular disorders in comparison with patients who have only excessive tooth abrasion.

scholarly journals The Efficiency of Anterior Repositioning Splints in the Management of Pain Related to Temporomandibular Joint Disc Displacement with Reduction

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Pihut ◽  
Malgorzata Gorecka ◽  
Piotr Ceranowicz ◽  
Mieszko Wieckiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Masticatory Muscles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Disc Displacement ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Disc ◽  
Disc Displacement With Reduction

Background and Objective. Intra-articular temporomandibular disorders are often related to pain in the area of the temporomandibular joint, ear, and temple. The aim of the study was to investigate the efficiency of anterior repositioning splints in decreasing pain related to temporomandibular joint disc displacement with reduction. Methods. The research material consisted of 112 patients, aged 24 to 45 years, of both genders, who reported for treatment at the Consulting Room of Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunctions at the Jagiellonian University in Cracow between 2014 and 2016 due to pain in the area of the temporomandibular joint(s) and noise(s) of temporomandibular joint(s) present during jaw movements with comorbid contracture of masticatory muscles. Subjects were examined according to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) protocol and, after diagnosis of painful disc displacement with reduction and masticatory muscle contracture, they were assigned randomly to either the study or control groups (56 patients in each). In the study group, we used an anterior repositioning splint on the full lower arch for about 20 hours usage over a 4-month period. In the control group, a noninvasive therapy was applied using a biostimulation laser over 12 sessions performed every second day on the area of both temporomandibular joints with mouth open and while performing muscle self-exercises with a dominant protrusive position of the mandible. Pain intensity was evaluated using the Verbal Numerical Rating Scale (VNRS) immediately before the treatment and then after 4 and 16 weeks. The obtained data were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test p≤0.005. Results. The VNRS values reported during the final examination for the study group were significantly lower than for the control group p=0.0004. Conclusions. The anterior repositioning splint is an efficient tool in decreasing pain related to disc displacement with reduction. This trial is registered with Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03057262.

scholarly journals CLINICAL EVALUATION OF THE DENTOALVEOLAR SYSTEM IN EXCESSIVE TOOTH ABRASION AND TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DISORDERS

2019 ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
N.S. Magera
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Frontal Area ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
The Third ◽  
Local Type ◽  
Tooth Abrasion ◽  
Generalized Type

The purpose of the study was to determine the features of the state of the dentoalveolar system in patients with excessive abrasion of teeth with and without temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) in a comparative aspect. The study group included 68 patients, 31 (45.6%) of which were males and 37 (54.4%) females, aged from 21 to 70. Patients are divided into two groups: the control group and the study group. The control group included 31 patients who were diagnosed with excessive tooth abrasion alone in combination with possible other occlusal disorders. The study group included 37 patients with excessive abrasion of teeth, possible other occlusal disorders and various forms of temporomandibular disorders: muscular, articular, and combined. A preliminary clinical dental examination was based on instant diagnosis according to Hamburg protocol. Additional examination methods included clinical diagnostic techniques (to determine features of the mandibular movements, loading tests of the TMJ, palpation of masticatory muscles, muscles of the neck and shoulders, etc.), as well as imaging techniques of the TMJ (panoramic radiography, zonography, 3D radiography of the TMJ, MRI, ultrasound of the TMJ and muscles), as well as the condylography. The comparative analysis of prosthetic pathology, which was revealed in the oral cavity of patients depending on the groups, showed the following data. Excessive tooth abrasion without other occlusal pathologies was diagnosed only in 3 of 31 patients accounting for 9.7% in the group of patients with excessive tooth abrasion without signs of TMDs (control group). Among patients in this group, a fairly high percentage is attributed to the pathological eruption of the third molars – 32.1% and "multiple dental defects" – 21.5%, which together account for 53.6%. Excessive tooth abrasion alone without other occlusal disorders was diagnosed in 6 of 37 patients accounting for 16.2% in the group with both excessive tooth abrasion and temporomandibular disorders (study group). Prosthetic pathology was determined to occur three times more often among patients with both excessive tooth abrasion and TMDs compared to the patients with excessive tooth abrasion alone (38.7% in the group with TMDs vs. 14.3% in the control group, p<0.01). However, the pathological eruption of the third molars, on the contrary, was detected 2 times more often in the group with excessive tooth abrasion alone compared with the group of patients with TMDs (32.1% in the control group vs. 16.1% in the study group, p<0.05). A homogeneous distribution of the generalized type of tooth abrasion and its local type was found to be specific to the controls (51.6% with the generalized type and 49.4% with the local type of abrasion). However, for the local type of abrasion in this group of patients, it was determined that a significant predominance was specific to the frontal area in comparison with the distal regions of the tooth abrasion (the rates reached 41.9% for the frontal area vs. only 6.5% for the distal regions; p<0.01). A significant predominance of the local type of excessive abrasion (83.7% of the local type vs. 16.3% of the generalized type, p<0.001) was determined in patients with both excessive tooth abrasion and TMDs. Moreover, the distribution was almost homogeneous in relation to the frontal or distal regions (43.2% for frontal and 40.5% for distal areas). Probably, the loss of distal occlusal support in the area of the lateral teeth is a factor that can provoke the development of TMD. Such features should be taken into account when providing prosthetic care to such patients. The revealed features in the diagnosis of patients with excessive tooth abrasion, other occlusal disorders in the settings of temporomandibular disorders should be taken into account in their treatment and, especially, in the provision of prosthetics to such patients.

scholarly journals State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) assessment of mothers with language delayed children

2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özden Çiftçi Çirpar ◽  
Nuray Bayar Muluk ◽  
Fulya Yalçinkaya ◽  
Osman Kürşat Arikan ◽  
Ömer Oğuztürk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Language Development ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Language Delay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Anxiety Levels

Objectives: In this study, we evaluated the continuous and state anxiety levels of mothers with children with language delay. Methods: The study group consisted of the mothers of 18 children with language delay. The control group consisted of the mothers of 29 healthy children without language delay. To gain data about mothers, a personal information form and Spielberger’s State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) form were applied to determine continuous and state-trait anxiety levels. Results: State anxiety levels in the study group were significantly higher (by Student t-test) than that of the control group. For continuous anxiety level, no statistically significant difference was determined between two groups. In the study group, higher education levels of mothers and their husbands were associated with lower levels of both continuous and state anxiety. Conclusion: In the majority of the group of mothers with language delayed children and even mothers of children with normal language development, there were high levels concern. Mothers’ concerns and anxiety levels may decrease with increasing levels of their education levels. We recommend providing detailed information regarding language development to the families at all stages of the childs’ training programme.

Influence of negative aff ectivity, social suppression and anxiety on motivation for health and a healthy lifestyle in coal industry workers

2020 ◽  
pp. 354-358
Author(s):  
I. P. Danilov ◽  
N. I. Vlakh ◽  
V. I. Gugushvili ◽  
N. Ya. Paneva ◽  
T. D. Logunova
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Type D ◽  
Situational Anxiety ◽  
Personal Anxiety ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Of Motivation ◽  
Social Suppression

Introduction. A healthy lifestyle is one of the most eff ective methods of preserving health and preventing non-infectious diseases. The mechanisms and factors that infl uence the formation of motivation for health and a healthy lifestyle in employees engaged in harmful working conditions have not been suffi ciently studied. The study of these mechanisms will allow us to more eff ectively shape health-saving behavior.The aim of the study is to study negative aff ectivity, social suppression and anxiety in the formation of motivation to maintain health and a healthy lifestyle in coal industry workers.Materials and methods. A survey was conducted of 75 employees of mines and sections in the South of Kuzbass with an established diagnosis of occupational diseases, as well as 54 people who do not work in harmful working conditions (engineering and technical workers). Surveys were conducted using the method “Index of motivation to health and a healthy lifestyle”, the presence of personality type D was conducted using the DS14 questionnaire, the level of personal and situational anxiety was assessed using the Spielberger — Hanin questionnaire.Results. Th e level of motivation for health and a healthy lifestyle among patients with occupational diseases is signifi cantly lower than the level of motivation for the health of engineering and technical workers. Th e infl uence of negative reaction and social suppression on the level of motivation for health and a healthy lifestyle was not found. Th e level of situational anxiety also has no eff ect on health motivation. A higher level of personal anxiety among people with a high level of motivation for a healthy lifestyle was determined.Conclusions. Personal anxiety aff ects the level of motivation for health and a healthy lifestyle in people with occupational diseases. 

scholarly journals Psychoemotional status and vegetative resistance in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia on the background of angina pectoris

2017 ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
N. Inhula
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Angina Pectoris ◽  
Autonomic Dysfunction ◽  
Stable Angina ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Chronic Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Stable Angina Pectoris ◽  
Personal Anxiety ◽  
High Level

The article presents the results of the study of the state of the autonomic nervous system and the psychoemotional state in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI) against the background of stable angina pectoris II and III FС. 90 subjects (61 men and 29 women) (mean age 60.6 ± 7.8 years) were examined in the main group and 30 persons (10 men and 20 women) (mean age 55.27 ± 5.5 years) control group aged 45 to 74 years. The analysis of data of the conducted research and conclusions are given. Based on the findings, it was found that a high level of anxiety causes an imbalance between sympathetic and parasympathetic activity. In the group of patients with CCI against the background of stable angina pectoris III FС revealed a high level of depression and anxiety, reactive and personal anxiety, which causes a pronounced autonomic dysfunction, which was manifested in insufficient vegetative provision and the predominance of sympathicotonia in these patients. We can assume that autonomic dysfunction is one of the mechanisms for the progression of stable angina pectoris in patients with CCI.

Virtual Reality Exposure Training for Musicians: Its Effect on Performance Anxiety and Quality

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josiane Bissonnette ◽  
Francis Dubé ◽  
Martin D Provencher ◽  
Maria T Moreno Sala
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Music Performance ◽  
Performance Anxiety ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Virtual Training ◽  
Music Performance Anxiety ◽  
High Level ◽  
Virtual Reality Exposure

Music performance anxiety affects numerous musicians, with many of them reporting impairment of performance due to this problem. This exploratory study investigated the effects of virtual reality exposure training on students with music performance anxiety. Seventeen music students were randomly assigned to a control group (n=8) or a virtual training group (n=9). Participants were asked to play a musical piece by memory in two separate recitals within a 3-week interval. Anxiety was then measured with the Personal Report of Confidence as a Performer Scale and the S-Anxiety scale from the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y). Between pre- and post-tests, the virtual training group took part in virtual reality exposure training consisting of six 1-hour long sessions of virtual exposure. The results indicate a significant decrease in performance anxiety for musicians in the treatment group for those with a high level of state anxiety, for those with a high level of trait anxiety, for women, and for musicians with high immersive tendencies. Finally, between the pre- and post-tests, we observed a significant increase in performance quality for the experimental group, but not for the control group.

Use of Music Intervention for Reducing Anxiety and Promoting Satisfaction in First-Time Filipino Fathers

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leodoro J. Labrague ◽  
Denise M. McEnroe-Petitte
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analogue Scale ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Analogue Scale ◽  
Lower State ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Music Intervention ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Paternal Anxiety ◽  
First Time ◽  
Experimental Group

Childbirth is an anxiety-provoking event in a man’s life. Therefore, strategies to decrease paternal anxiety during childbirth are necessary. This study determined the effects of music and satisfaction of first-time Filipino fathers during childbirth. In the study, a prospective quasi-experimental design was utilized. Ninety-eight purposive samples of first-time fathers were included in the study, 50 were allocated in the experimental group (music group) and 48 in the control group (nonmusic group) during the months of August to October 2013. Paternal anxiety and satisfaction were measured using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Visual Analogue Scale for Satisfaction, respectively. Results revealed that the first-time fathers in the experimental group had lower State Trait Anxiety Inventory scores ( p < .05) and higher Visual Analogue Scale for Satisfaction scores ( p < .05) than those in the control group. Findings of the study provide substantial evidence to support the use of music in reducing anxiety and promoting satisfaction among first-time fathers during childbirth.

scholarly journals Clinical-pathopsychological and psychodiagnostic specifics of comorbid adaptation disorders in people with computer addiction

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
Yu. Starodubtseva
Keyword(s):  
Family Relationships ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Computer Addiction ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Personal Anxiety ◽  
Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
High Level

The clinical-psychopathological and psychodiagnostic features of adaptation disorders combined with computer addiction were studied. A comprehensive survey of 97 people with adaptation disorders and clinically pronounced computer addiction (main group) and 62 patients with adaptation disorders without signs of addictive behavior (control group) were carried out. It was established that the clinical picture of adaptation disorders with comorbid computer addiction was characterized by depressive, anxiety, obsessive, asthenic, dysphoric, and somatic-vegetative syndrome complexes, 35.8 % of patients had carpal tunnel syndrome. Clinical manifestations of anxiety and depression on the Hospital scale, severe depressive and anxiety episodes on the Hamilton scale, high levels of situational and personal anxiety on the Spielberger–Hanin scale, excessive mental stress on the Nemchin scale are typical for people with adaptation disorders and computer addiction. It was shown that the key role in the pathopsychological mechanisms of comorbid adaptation disorders with computer addiction belongs to the de-actualization of basic personality needs, instability of the level of requirements, the dominance of game motives, the use of coping strategies aimed at distraction and emotion, application of a strategy of behavior in the form of avoidance and adaptation in a conflict situation, high level of social frustration in the areas of their own way of life, family relationships, relationships at work and the content of their work.

scholarly journals The Effect of Online Solution-Focused Brief Therapy on Parents with High Level of Anxiety in the COVID 19 Pandemic: A Randomized Controlled Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mürşide Zengin ◽  
Ceyda Başoğul ◽  
Emriye Hilal Yayan
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Brief Therapy ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Solution Focused Brief Therapy ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
High Level ◽  
Solution Focused

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the anxiety levels of parents with children aged 3-6 years due to the COVID 19 pandemic and to examine the effects of Solution Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT) applied to parents with high level of anxiety. Methods: The study was conducted as a parallel-group, randomized controlled design. The sample of the study consisted of 77 parents who were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups (control group n = 40; intervention group n = 37). One session of online SFBT was applied to the intervention group each week and 4 sessions were applied in total. No intervention was applied to the control group. The data were collected using introductory information form and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). SPSS programme and Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) 23 application were used in the analysis of the data. Structural equation modeling was used to examine a hypothesized model that SFBT has both direct and indirect effects on anxiety levels of parents. Results: The state and trait anxiety mean scores of the intervention group decreased compared to the pre-intervention mean scores after the implemented programme. While this difference between state anxiety scores was statistically significant (p≤ .001), the difference between trait anxiety scores was not statistically significant (p> .05). There was no statistically significant difference between the pre-test and post-test STAI-S and STAI-T total scores of the control group. Conclusions: In the study, it has been found that SFBT applied to parents with high level of anxiety is an effective method in reducing the state anxiety levels of parents.

scholarly journals The ımportance of art therapy ın the qualıty of lıfe ın hemodıalysıs patıents

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Ergün Parmaksız ◽  
Hüseyin Demirbilek
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
State Trait Anxiety Inventory ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Avoidance Measures ◽  
The Mean

Dialysis causes many psycho-social problems in patients with chronic renal failure and decreases their quality of life by increasing their anxiety. We aimed to determine the influence of artistic activities on quality of life and reducing or eliminating dialysis anxiety.Methods. Among 180 hemodialysis patients, 8 patients were randomly selected as a study group and 8 patients as a control group. We performed our theater rehearsals in 16 sessions, two hours per week. State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), STAII and  Social Anxiety Scales (SAS) were employed in both groups before and after the play. Results. The means of the eighth-month SAS fear and avoidance measures of the study group were found to be significantly lower than the control group and significantly lower than the baseline. The mean difference of the initial eighth-month SAS fear and avoidance in the study group was statistically significantly higher than the control group.Initial and eighth month SAS fear and avoidance difference averages of the study group were found statistically significantly higher than the control group.Conclusions. We determined that the therapies to be done with art have an important place in relieving or reducing anxiety in hemodialysis patients. In addition, it was the opinion that our patients would make positive contributions to their quality of life. However, further studies are needed to demonstrate whether theater rehearsals reduce anxiety in hemodialysis patients.

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