scholarly journals Review of: Essays on the philosophy of Spinoza St. Petersburg: Publishing House of the Russian Academy of Fine Arts, 2018. 200 p. ISBN 978-5-88812-899-2

2021 ◽  
pp. 328-334
Author(s):  
Андрей Валентинович Лаврентьев
Keyword(s):  
Publishing House ◽  
Fine Arts ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Original Study ◽  
Biblical Studies ◽  
State University ◽  
Medieval Philosophy ◽  
Biblical Scholarship ◽  
Ancient Israel ◽  
History Of

Книга «Очерки по философии Спинозы» представляет собой оригинальное исследование монистической концепции выдающегося западноевропейского философа Нового времени, осуществлённое в компаративном ракурсе вовлечения его идей в контекст еврейской (преимущественно средневековой) философии. Автор монографии - российский историк, востоковед и гебраист Игорь Романович Тантлевский, профессор и заведующий кафедрой еврейской культуры СПбГУ, директор международного Центра библеистики, гебраистики и иудаики при философском факультете СПбГУ, известный любителю библейских исследований своими монографиями «Введение в Пятикнижие» (2000 г.)1, «Загадки рукописей Мёртвого моря» (2011 г.)2, а также рядом работ по истории Древнего Израиля и Иудеи. The book "Essays on the Philosophy of Spinoza" is an original study of the monistic concept of the outstanding Western European philosopher of the New Age, carried out in the comparative perspective of the involvement of his ideas in the context of Jewish (mostly medieval) philosophy. The author of the monograph is Igor Romanovich Tantlevsky, a Russian historian, orientalist and gebraist, Professor and Head of the Department of Jewish Culture at St. Petersburg State University, Director of the International Center for Biblical, Gebraystic and Jewish Studies at the Faculty of Philosophy of St. Petersburg University, known to Biblical Studies enthusiasts for his monographs "Introduction to the Pentateuch" (2000). The author is well known to biblical scholarship enthusiasts for his monographs Introduction to the Pentateuch (2000),1 Enigmas of the Dead Sea Manuscripts (2011),2 as well as several works on the history of ancient Israel and Judea.

Setting the Scene: a Response to John Rogerson

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
KEITH W. WHITELAM
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Old Testament ◽  
Biblical Studies ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Biblical Scholarship ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Biblical History ◽  
Ancient Israel ◽  
History Of

John Rogerson's review of works on the history of ancient Israel from Humphrey Prideaux to Martin Noth is a fine illustration of Ecclesiastes' observation (1.9): ‘What has been is what will be, and what has been done is what will be done; and there is nothing new under the sun’. The current debates on the history of Israel are often presented as part of some paradigm shift or, at the very least, a new and savage phase in the study of Israelite history. The publication of recent works such as A Biblical History of Israel by Provan et al. and Kenneth Kitchen's On the Reliability of the Old Testament take us back to the starting point of Rogerson's paper and the work of Prideaux before the development of biblical studies as a critical discipline in the nineteenth century. Norman Cantor's observations on the invention of the Middle Ages by twentieth-century scholarship are just as applicable to biblical scholarship and its pursuit of ancient Israel.

Education in the Hebrew Bible

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Schniedewind ◽  
Elizabeth VanDyke
Keyword(s):  
Hebrew Bible ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Culture Studies ◽  
Biblical Literature ◽  
Ben Sira ◽  
Biblical Scholarship ◽  
Scribal Culture ◽  
Ancient Israel ◽  
History Of ◽  
Biblical Sources

Education is a wide-ranging topic concerning the variety of ways in which people acquire knowledge, skills, and behaviors. As a key facet of culture, one might expect education and instruction to appear frequently within the Hebrew Bible, yet biblical literature actually provides little direct evidence as to how the ancient Israelites learned. This is true both for traditional vocations, such as the production of pottery or soldiering, and for more scholastic pursuits, such as reading or accounting. Biblical scholarship has particularly focused on scribal education, with less attention to the broader questions of enculturation. Several passages, particularly Isaiah 28, Proverbs 22–23, and Ben Sira 51, refer to education and have engendered numerous discussions. Increasingly, though, scholars have turned to extra-biblical sources in order to understand scribal culture. Studies on scribalism in Mesopotamia, Egypt, and Ugarit feature prominently in many overviews of Hebrew learning. In some cases, scholars posit that these foreign scribal systems directly influenced Israelite scribes. The New Kingdom administration of Egypt left its vestiges on the Late Bronze Levant, and the empires of Assyria, Babylon, and Persia also had a lasting impact on scribal curriculum and tradition. These contextual studies can also be used for comparison, helping scholars model what a scribal community in Israel may have looked like. Epigraphic material from the Levant has supplemented this picture. Archaeologists have excavated a number of school texts and seals that attest to the exercises and extent of Israelite education. However, the interpretation of the biblical, comparative, and epigraphic material remains fiercely contested among scholars. Scribal education had an immediate impact on the composition of the biblical corpus, and inquiries into Hebrew education often become intertwined with theories regarding the history of biblical literature. Furthermore, discussions of scribal culture are often divorced from questions of how the society as a whole transmitted skills and knowledge. The ancient Israelite scribe is thus decontextualized from his original setting. In sum, many questions regarding education in ancient Israel remain unanswered, tantalizing, and crucial to the field as a whole.

The Orthodox Christians and the Bible

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Roeber
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Biblical Studies ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Biblical Scholarship ◽  
Biblical Study ◽  
English Translations ◽  
New Testament Studies ◽  
European Immigrants ◽  
History Of

Orthodox Christians (Eastern or Oriental) regard the Bible as an integral but not exclusive part of tradition. They have historically encountered the Bible primarily through their liturgical worship. No fixed “canon” describes the role of the Bible in Orthodoxy. The history of the Orthodox Bible in America moved in stages that reflected the mission to First Peoples, arrival of Middle Eastern and Eastern European immigrants, and the catastrophic impact of the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia on Orthodox communities in America. Recovery from the fragmented, ethno-linguistic expressions of Orthodoxy occurred only after World War II. Orthodox biblical scholarship began in earnest in those years and today Orthodox biblical scholars participate in national and international biblical studies and incorporate scholarly approaches to biblical study with patristic commentary and perspectives. Parish-level studies and access to English translations have proliferated although New Testament studies continue to outpace attention given to the Hebrew Bible.

Recently discovered materials for writing the history of christian Nubia

1975 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 19-30
Author(s):  
William Frend
Keyword(s):  
Gospel Of Mark ◽  
Dead Sea Scrolls ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Biblical Studies ◽  
Second Century ◽  
Early Church ◽  
Nag Hammadi ◽  
Clement Of Alexandria ◽  
History Of ◽  
Beliefs And Attitudes

Chance discoveries have been among the ‘uncovenanted blessings’ that have fallen to the study of new testament times and the early church. The finding of the Isaiah scroll by a shepherd boy in the judaean desert in 1947 led to the greatest discovery in biblical studies of all time, that of the Dead Sea scrolls and the essene monastery of Kharbet Q’mran. Similarly, the recovery of the gnostic library of 48 separate books from a Christian cemetery at Nag-Hammadi, not far from Luxor, in 1946, has thrown a wholly unexpected light on the complex of beliefs and attitudes of orthodox Christianity’s great rival during the second and early third centuries, gnosticism. Recently, professor Morton Smith has made the boldest claims on behalf of a ‘secret Gospel of Mark’ used apparently in Alexandria in the second century AD. An extract from this gospel he found in the library of the monastery of Mar Saba near Jerusalem, quoted in a letter which may be attributed correctly to Clement of Alexandria circa 190 AD.

Dead Sea Levels during the Bronze and Iron Ages

Radiocarbon ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Joy Kagan ◽  
Dafna Langgut ◽  
Elisabetta Boaretto ◽  
Frank Herald Neumann ◽  
Mordechai Stein
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Lake Level ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
The Past ◽  
Organic Debris ◽  
Ancient Israel ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Dead

The history of lake-level changes at the Dead Sea during the Holocene was determined mainly by radiocarbon dating of terrestrial organic debris. This article reviews the various studies that have been devoted over the past 2 decades to defining the Dead Sea levels during the Bronze and Iron Ages (≃5.5 to 2.5 ka cal BP) and adds new data and interpretation. In particular, we focus on research efforts devoted to refining the chronology of the sedimentary sequence in the Ze'elim Gully, a key site of paleoclimate investigation in the European Research Council project titled Reconstructing Ancient Israel. The Bronze and Iron Ages are characterized by significant changes in human culture, reflected in archaeological records in which sharp settlement oscillations over relatively short periods of time are evident. During the Early Bronze, Intermediate Bronze, Middle Bronze, and Late Bronze Ages, the Dead Sea saw significant level fluctuations, reaching in the Middle Bronze an elevation of ≃370 m below mean sea level (bmsl), and declining in the Late Bronze to below 414 m bmsl. At the end of the Late Bronze Age and upon the transition to the Iron Age, the lake recovered slightly and rose to ≃408 m bmsl. This recovery reflected the resumption of freshwater activity in the Judean Hills, which was likely accompanied by more favorable hydrological-environmental conditions that seem to have facilitated the wave of Iron Age settlement in the region.

The Oxford Handbook of the Writings of the Hebrew Bible

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hebrew Bible ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Literary Traditions ◽  
Israelite Religion ◽  
Asian Religions ◽  
Ancient Israel ◽  
History Of ◽  
Major Section

This handbook provides a comprehensive overview of the Writings, the third division of the Hebrew Bible canon, from historical, literary, and canonical perspectives through the contributions of twenty-eight scholars. A first major section deals with the postexilic period of ancient Israel when most of the Writings were either written or collected, looking at its major events, literary traditions, and archeology. The second major section looks creatively at each book of the Writings from many different perspectives (literary, historical, theological, sociological, ideological, etc.). Finally, the handbook concludes with a section examining the Writings from the perspectives of the Dead Sea Scrolls, the Ancient Near East, Asian religions, the history of Israelite religion and canon formation, scripture, and the reception history of this literature in music and the visual arts, Judaism, and Christianity. Each chapter concludes with a bibliography for future research and study.

Ritual and the Agency of Food in Ancient Israel and Judah: Food Futures in Biblical Studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 609-624
Author(s):  
Rebekah Welton
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Biblical Studies ◽  
Biblical Scholarship ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Ancient Israel

This article addresses a gap in current biblical scholarship regarding food production and consumption. Using meat and beer as two brief case studies, the potential of food to symbolise and inculcate identities and status in the agro-pastoral Israelite and Judahite household will be demonstrated. A case will also be made for attributing agency to food. In particular, this method elucidates the roles and identities of various members of the household, including its animals and deities, and especially focuses on the ritual agency of women.


“We the People of Israel”: Covenant, Constitution, and the Supposed Biblical Origins of Modern Democratic Political Thought

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophia R. C. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Political Thought ◽  
Religion And Politics ◽  
Biblical Studies ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Biblical Scholarship ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
American Federalism ◽  
We The People

Abstract As an originally political term, study of the concept of “covenant” has long demonstrated the intersection of biblical studies and political theory. In recent decades, the association between covenant and constitution has come to the forefront of modern political thought in attempts to find the origins of certain democratic ideals in the descriptions of biblical Israel, in order to garner either religious or cultural authority. This is exemplified in the claims of Daniel J. Elazar that the first conceptual seeds of American federalism are found in the covenants of the Hebrew Bible. Taking Elazar’s work as a starting and end point, this paper applies contemporary biblical scholarship to his definition of biblical covenant in order to reveal the influences of his own American political environment and that of the interpreters he is dependent upon. The notion that biblical covenant or its interpretation remains a monolithic or static concept is overturned by a survey of the diverse receptions of covenant in the history of biblical scholarship from the late 19th to the late 20th centuries, contrasting American and German interpretive trends. As such, I aim to highlight the reciprocal relationship between religion and politics, and the academic study of both, in order to challenge the claim that modern political thought can be traced back to biblical conceptions.

REVISITING KARL BARTH'S EXEGESIS OF 1 KINGS 13

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-383
Author(s):  
David Bosworth
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Biblical Studies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Historical Criticism ◽  
The Past ◽  
Biblical Scholarship ◽  
History Of ◽  
Additional Support ◽  
1 Kings ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe present article seeks to re-present Karl Barth's exegesis of 1 Kings 13 with additional support that Barth neglected to include. Changes in biblical scholarship over the past few decades have resulted in an environment in which Barth's interpretation may not be as readily rejected as it was in the past. Barth's exegesis of 1 Kings 13 was not accepted among biblical scholars for several reasons. He was thought to be an enemy of historical criticism whose exegetical work was not a serious contribution to biblical studies. Furthermore, he interpreted the chapter holistically at a time when scholars were preoccupied with analytical questions concerning sources and composition. Barth related the chapter to the whole history of the divided kingdom by suggesting that the man of God and the old prophet represent the kingdoms from which they come and that the relationship between the two prophetic figures mirrors the relationship between Israel and Judah as told in Kings. This analogy seemed unlikely to scholars convinced of the fragmentary nature of Kings. The present article begins with an overview of Barth's relationship to modern biblical scholarship followed by a summary presentation of his exegesis of 1 Kings 13. Next, the major objections to Barth's interpretation are critically assessed, and recent research on the chapter is evaluated. Finally, the analogy indicated by Barth is elaborated, so that his interpretation may seem more plausible and future research may benefit from his insights.

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