scholarly journals Cross-Cultural and Gender Measurement Invariance of the Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Emotional Competence Questionnaire

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-190
Author(s):  
Andreja Avsec ◽  
Irina Belasheva ◽  
Jiri Cenek ◽  
Azizuddin Khan ◽  
Tamara Mohorić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Emotional Competence ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Emotional Skills ◽  
Scalar Invariance ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups

The Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Emotional Competence Questionnaire (IIECQ) was developed from the Emotional Skills and Competence Questionnaire, addressing some of its content issues. Measurement invariance of the two-factor IIECQ model (interpersonal and intrapersonal emotional competence factors) was examined across countries and gender groups using a sample of 998 students from five different countries (Slovenia, Russia, Croatia, India, and theCzech Republic). Our results supported partial scalar invariance of the IIECQ across countries with three items having varying intercepts in different countries. Scalar invariance was fully confirmed across gender groups. Latent means for the two IIECQ factors were compared between the five countries and the two gender groups. While men and women reported similar levels of intrapersonal and interpersonal emotional competences, significant differences were observed between some of the countries. To assess the construct validity of the IIECQ, correlations were examined between the IIECQ subscale scores and the measures of emotion regulation, personality, and well-being. In general, correlations were low to moderate and in accordance with expectations, showing adequate convergent validity of the new scales. Overall, the IIECQ represents a psychometrically sound measure of the intrapersonal and interpersonal emotional competences, which are measured in the same way across the five countries examined as well as across genders.

The Chinese Version of the EPOCH Measure of Adolescent Well-Being: Testing Cross-Cultural Measurement Invariance

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 757-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret L. Kern ◽  
Guang Zeng ◽  
Hanchao Hou ◽  
Kaiping Peng
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Chinese Students ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Chinese Translation ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender

Recent decades have brought growing interest in understanding and measuring psychological well-being. Although multiple measures of well-being exist, most were developed with Western populations. The current study tested the factor structure of a Chinese translation of the engagement, perseverance, optimism, connectedness and happiness (EPOCH) Measure of Adolescent Well-Being with 3,629 Chinese students (1,980 males, 1,649 females), and tested measurement invariance. The five-factor structure of the model was supported, and the model was invariant across age and gender. Combined with data from 2,041 American and 1,057 Australian adolescents, measurement invariance across cultures was supported for factor loadings but not intercepts or residuals. Results suggest that the factor structure is adequate across cultures, but the mean scores should not be directly compared. The findings support the EPOCH measure as an adequate scale, raise questions about different modeling decisions, and inform culturally sensitive approaches to comparing positive psychological variables across cultures.

scholarly journals Exploring the factor structure of the Passion Scale: Are the dualistic types of passion relevant for workers in the South African context?

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marais S. Bester ◽  
Melinde Coetzee ◽  
Xander Van Lill
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
South African ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The South ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Psychological Attributes ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups

Orientation: It is not clear from research whether the dualistic model holds true across binary ethnic and gender groups in the South African organisational context.Research purpose: The present research aimed to test the validity and reliability of the two-factor Passion Scale and to assess for measurement invariance of the two-factor scale across binary ethnic and gender groups in the South African context.Motivation of the study: The construct of passion helps to better understand some of the psychological attributes that contribute to experiences of either well-being or strain at work and is therefore an important attribute to measure.Research approach, design and method: The study involved a convenience sample (N = 550) of managerial and staff-level South African employees from various industries with a mean age of 34 years (SD = 10.95). Confirmatory factor analysis, exploratory structural equation modelling, t-tests and tests for measurement invariance were performed.Main findings: The results confirmed the validity and measurement invariance of the two-factor structure of the Passion Scale in the South African work context. The observed differences between the ethnic groups and men and women were practically small.Practical/managerial implications: Well-being interventions should consider the use of the Passion Scale as a measure of the psychological attributes that explain differentiating experiences of harmonious and obsessive passion in the workplace.Contribution/value-add: The findings provided encouraging evidence for the relevance and usefulness of the Passion Scale’s dualistic model of passion for people of different binary ethnic and gender groups in South African organisations.

The Factor Structure and Measurement Invariance of Positive and Negative Affect

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Joshanloo ◽  
Ali Bakhshi
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Positive And Negative Affect ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Invariance Testing ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Scalar Invariance ◽  
Gender Groups

Abstract. This study investigated the factor structure and measurement invariance of the Mroczek and Kolarz’s scales of positive and negative affect in Iran (N = 2,391) and the USA (N = 2,154), and across gender groups. The two-factor model of affect was supported across the groups. The results of measurement invariance testing confirmed full metric and partial scalar invariance of the scales across cultural groups, and full metric and full scalar invariance across gender groups. The results of latent mean analysis revealed that Iranians scored lower on positive affect and higher on negative affect than Americans. The analyses also showed that American men scored significantly lower than American women on negative affect. The significance and implications of the results are discussed.

The Relationship between Body Image and Exercise Adherence in Fitness Centre Exercising Sample

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (80) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasa Jankauskienė ◽  
Brigita Miežienė
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Exercise Adherence ◽  
Physical Activity Promotion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Physique Anxiety ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Activity Promotion ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Body Self ◽  
The Relationship

Research background and hypothesis. The analysis of factors which might infl uence exercise adherence is important issue for physical activity promotion. Studies show that exercisers’ body image is important factor associated with well being, exercise motivation and specifi c exercise–related behaviour.Research aim was is to examine the relationship between exercise adherence, body image and social physique anxiety in a sample of fi tness centre participants. Research methods. Members of fi tness centres (n = 217, 66 of them were women) provided their answers on exercise experience, in three subscales (appearance evaluation, appearance orientation and overweight preoccupation) of The Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ-AS; Brown et al., 1990) and Social Physique Anxiety Scale (SPAS; Hart et al., 1989). Mean age of the sample was 29.02 (9.85) years (range = 18–68 years).Research results. Women demonstrated higher appearance orientation, overweight preoccupation and social physique anxiety compared to men. However, we observed no signifi cant differences in appearance evaluation, appearance orientation and overweight preoccupation in the groups of different exercise experience of men and women. When overweight respondents (≥ 25 kg / m²) were excluded from the analysis, there were no statistically signifi cant differences observed in body image and social physique anxiety in exercise experience groups of men and women. Exercising longer than 6 years signifi cantly predicted overweight preoccupation [95% CI: 1.25–16.94] controlled by age and gender. Discussion and conclusions. Exercising men demonstrated more positive body image and lower social physique anxiety compared to women, except for appearance evaluation. There were observed no body image and social physique relationships with exercise adherence observed in the sample of fi tness centre participants, however, exercise experience longer than 6 years predicted overweight preoccupation.Keywords: body image concerns, exercise experience, self-presentation.

Changes in Family Roles and Subjective Well-Being among Japanese Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 0192513X2199413
Author(s):  
Yuko Hara
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Transition To Parenthood ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Family Roles ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Japanese Adults ◽  
Effect Theory ◽  
And Gender

Research in Western countries has demonstrated that marriage is associated with improved well-being, and parenthood with decreased well-being, for both men and women. However, less is known about whether the associations are universal for both genders across countries. Using nine waves of panel data and fixed effects models, this study examines the relationship between changes in family roles and subjective well-being of men and women in the highly gendered social context of Japan. Well-being was assessed across two domains: self-rated health and mental health. The results broadly support the protective effect theory, which posits that marriage itself has a positive effect on well-being; however, no association was observed between becoming a wife and self-rated health. Contrary to what previous research predicts, only men’s self-rated health negatively responds to transition to parenthood. These findings highlight the importance of country context and gender differences in the significance of family obligations.

scholarly journals Modernity in British advertising: selling cocoa and chocolate in the 1930s

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael French
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Advertising Agency ◽  
Consumer Durables ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups ◽  
New Consumer ◽  
Health And Well Being

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the evolution of “push” marketing in the confectionery industry in Britain during the 1930s. It examines the interplay between a manufacturer and advertising agency in creating advertising for cocoa and chocolate. Design/methodology/approach A survey of the literature examines the uses of health and well-being in the design of advertising in Britain between the wars. The records of Rowntree and its main advertising agency, J Walter Thompson, are used to examine the themes and tactics used in advertising for cocoa and Aero chocolate bars during the 1930s. Findings The paper emphasises the different ways in which health and nutrition was used in advertising for the two products. The campaigns of the 1930s built on earlier use of these themes. J Walter Thompson looked for ways of presenting commodities as “new and improved” and their role extended into pressing for changes to production methods and the nature of products. Themes of modernity, sexuality and lifestyles all featured, confirming conclusions of earlier studies. However, targeting of mothers and of different age and gender groups indicated that market segmentation was used extensively via print media and tailored advertising messages. Originality/value Although Cadbury, Rowntree and confectionery have been studied in depth before, this paper emphasises their role in applying new advertising ideas to everyday items. It points to the influence of advertising on the mass of consumers compared to the middle- and upper-income groups targeted in the marketing of houses, motor-cars and new consumer durables.

Self and Identity in Personal Blogs

2010 ◽  
pp. 162-184
Author(s):  
Wengao Gong
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Cultural Comparison ◽  
Linguistic Practice ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Cross Cultural Comparison ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups

This chapter describes how American bloggers and Chinese bloggers from similar age and gender groups represent themselves and their identities linguistically in their blogs and explores whether and to what extent the differences in terms of the blogging language and culture affect these representations. The author adopts a corpus-based approach and focuses on the description and the comparison of the orthographic features and semantic domain preference as revealed in the blog entries. By conducting a cross-linguistic and cross-cultural comparison between American bloggers and Chinese bloggers, the author finds that bloggers’ linguistic practice is closely related to their developmental stage of life, their gender, and the cultural environment they are immersed in. Meanwhile, bloggers’ linguistic practice is also constrained by the internal system of the language they use for blogging.

scholarly journals Hidden Invalidity Among 15 Commonly Used Measures in Social and Personality Psychology

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Hussey ◽  
Sean Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Structural Validity ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Reliability Factor ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups

It has recently been demonstrated that metrics of structural validity are severely underreported in social and personality psychology. We comprehensively assessed structural validity in a uniquely large and varied data set ( N = 144,496 experimental sessions) to investigate the psychometric properties of some of the most widely used self-report measures ( k = 15 questionnaires, 26 scales) in social and personality psychology. When the scales were assessed using the modal practice of considering only internal consistency, 88% of them appeared to possess good validity. Yet when validity was assessed comprehensively (via internal consistency, immediate and delayed test-retest reliability, factor structure, and measurement invariance for age and gender groups), only 4% demonstrated good validity. Furthermore, the less commonly a test was reported in the literature, the more likely the scales were to fail that test (e.g., scales failed measurement invariance much more often than internal consistency). This suggests that the pattern of underreporting in the field may represent widespread hidden invalidity of the measures used and may therefore pose a threat to many research findings. We highlight the degrees of freedom afforded to researchers in the assessment and reporting of structural validity and introduce the concept of validity hacking ( v-hacking), similar to the better-known concept of p-hacking. We argue that the practice of v-hacking should be acknowledged and addressed.

The Chinese Version of the Subjective Happiness Scale: Validation and Convergence With Multidimensional Measures

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-235
Author(s):  
Chin-Lung Chien ◽  
Po-Lin Chen ◽  
Po-Jui Chu ◽  
Hsiang-Yi Wu ◽  
Yi-Chao Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Scale Validation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Chinese Version ◽  
Subjective Happiness ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Subjective Happiness Scale ◽  
Gender Groups

This article aimed to establish the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS-C) and to investigate the convergence between SHS-C and multidimensional subjective well-being (MSWB). A total of 543 college students completed the following measures: the SHS-C, the MSWB scale, Rosenberg’s self-esteem scale, and the interpersonal harmony scale. The SHS-C showed adequate internal consistent reliability and test–retest reliability. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) showed a one-factor structure of the SHS-C, and multigroup CFA showed factor invariance between gender groups. Subjective happiness, as measured by the SHS-C, and MSWB, as measured by life satisfaction, positive affect, and negative affect, were highly correlated (above .90), suggesting convergent validity. The SHS-C was also correlated with two theoretically different but related constructs, self-esteem and interpersonal harmony, providing evidence of criterion-related validity. The results provide preliminary evidence that the SHS-C is valid with a Chinese-speaking population and that the SHS-C and MSWB may be interchangeable.

Victimization in Young Urban Adults and Depressed Mood: Understanding the Interplay of Coping and Gender

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Hassan ◽  
Laurissa Mallozzi ◽  
Niti Dhingra ◽  
Sara Chiara Haden
Keyword(s):  
Depressed Mood ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Avoidant Coping ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Early Interventions ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Urban Adults ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

Violence exposure has a significant impact on victims’ psychological well-being. This study examined the relationship between two types of violence exposures (threats and physical assaults), coping styles (emotion focused, avoidant, and problem focused), gender, and depression among 211 (147 females and 64 males) young urban adults (ages 18–24). Most participants (60%) endorsed being physically assaulted, whereas many (40%) endorsed being threatened. Hierarchical multiple regressions were conducted. As hypothesized, women reported using more emotion-focused coping and reported greater depression than men. Avoidant coping was a predictor for increased depression for both men and women. However, women who employed problem-focused coping after their first physical assault reported lower rates of depression. These findings have implications for designing early interventions.

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