scholarly journals Environmental considerations of low-temperature drilling fluids

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 (65) ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Talalay ◽  
Zhengyi Hu ◽  
Huiwen Xu ◽  
Dahui Yu ◽  
Lili Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Biological Contamination ◽  
Subglacial Environment ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
New Type

AbstractThe introduction of low-temperature fluid into boreholes drilled in ice sheets helps to remove drilling cuttings and to prevent borehole closure through visco-plastic deformation. Only special fluids, or mixtures of fluids, can satisfy the very strict criteria for deep drilling in cold ice. The effects of drilling fluid on the natural environment are analyzed from the following points of view: (1) occupational safety and health; (2) ozone depletion and global warming; (3) chemical pollution; and (4) biological pollution. Traditional low-temperature drilling fluids (kerosene-based fluids with density additives, ethanol and n-butyl acetate) cannot be qualified as intelligent choices from the safety, environmental and technological standpoints. This paper introduces a new type of low-temperature drilling fluid composed of synthetic ESTISOLTM esters, which are non-hazardous substances. ESTISOLTM 140 mixtures with ESTISOLTM 165 or ESTISOLTM F2887 have an acceptable density and viscosity at low temperature. To avoid the potential for biological contamination of the subglacial environment, the borehole drilling fluid should be treated carefully on the surface.

scholarly journals Legal Framework as a Determinant of Implementation of Occupational Health and Safety Programmes in the Manufacturing Sector in Kenya.

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscilla Wanjiku Ndegwa ◽  
Wario Guyo ◽  
George Orwa ◽  
Robert Ng’ang’a ◽  
Elishba Muthoni Murigi
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Occupational Health And Safety ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Safety And Health

Recent trends in the organization of work have increased the risk of occupational safety and health (OSH) in Kenyan industries through exposure to hazardous substances, work related accidents and increased stress-related illnesses. According to International lab our organization (ILO) everyone is entitled to the right to safe and healthy working conditions and therefore the corpus of law in Kenya dealing with occupational safety and health should be embedded in the international OSH legal instruments. Specifically the occupational health and safety Act (2007) is expected to provide for safety, health and welfare of workers and all persons lawfully present at workplaces. The purpose of this study therefore was to investigate legal framework as a determinant of implementation of occupational health and safety programmes in the manufacturing sector in Kenya. It focused on six legal areas predicted as affecting implementation of OSH. These factors were national OSH policy, OSHA (occupational safety and health Act) familiarity with OSHA, government OSH inspections and audits, ease of implementation of OSHA, Government support in the implementation of OSH and OSHA implement ability. The study adopted descriptive cross-sectional survey design but however intended to gather both qualitative and quantitative data. A self administered questionnaire was used to collect data from 257 OSH officers drawn randomly from 735 manufacturing industries registered by Kenya manufacturers association. 252 questionnaires were received back and analyzed with the help of SSPS window version 21. Both correlation and regression analysis were conducted and the results showed that there was a positive significant relationship between legal framework and implementation of OSH programmes. 

Application of R/S Rheometer in Low Temperature Drilling Fluid Rheology Determination

2012 ◽  
Vol 490-495 ◽  
pp. 3114-3118
Author(s):  
Xiao Ling Jiang ◽  
Zong Ming Lei ◽  
Kai Wei
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Shear Rate ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Rheological Parameter ◽  
Fluid Temperature ◽  
Fluid Rheology ◽  
Rotary Viscometer

With six-speed rotary viscometer measuring the rheology of drilling fluid at low temperature, during the high-speed process, the drilling fluid temperature is not constant at low temperature, which leads to the inaccuracy in rheological measurement. When R/S rheometer is used cooperating with constant low-temperature box , the temperature remains stable during the process of determining the drilling fluid rheology under low temperature. The R/S rheometer and the six-speed rotational viscometer are both coaxial rotational viscometers, but they work in different ways and the two cylindrical clearance between them are different.How to make two viscometer determination result can maintain consistent?The experimental results show that, The use of R/S rheometer, with the shear rate for 900s-1 shear stress values instead of six speed rotary viscometer shear rate for 1022s-1 shear stress values.Then use two-point formula to calculate rheological parameters.The R/S rheometer rheological parameter variation with temperature has a good linear relationship,Can better reflect the rheological properties of drilling fluids with low temperature changerule

Evaluation of Equivalent Circulating Density in Deep Water Dynamic Kill Drilling

2011 ◽  
Vol 121-126 ◽  
pp. 3048-3052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Ling Jiang ◽  
Zong Ming Lei ◽  
Qing Bao Meng
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Pressure Loss ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Rheological Parameters ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Normal Cycle ◽  
Shallow Wells ◽  
Water Surface Layer ◽  
The Impact

Dynamic kill drilling is a technology which is applied in order to control the deep water drilling shallow gas or shallow wells flowing by establish a normal cycle automatically in the deepwater shallow wells section. Equivalent circulating density (ECD) is an important parameters to control the bottom hole pressure, in the ECD estimate, if we don’t consider the effects of low temperature on rheological parameters of drilling fluid, it will result in errors in ECD estimates. Considering the impact of low temperature on the rheological parameters, this paper determines the temperature, rheological parameters and the annulus circulating pressure loss of each well section. Then Superposing each well section annular circulating pressure loss together, and finally calculate the equivalent circulating density. The deeper the water the greater of difference between ECD prediction model and the results calculated by rheological parameters on ground, and the more shallow wells the larger of difference. Therefore, in the process of deep water surface layer dynamic killing, We need to predict the equivalent circulating density of drilling fluids (ECD) accurately.

scholarly journals The Experimental Study on a New Type Low Temperature Water- based Composite Alcohol Drilling Fluid

2014 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 276-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.I. Nikolaev ◽  
Liu Tianle ◽  
Wang Zhen ◽  
Jiang Guosheng ◽  
Sun Jiaxin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Water Based ◽  
New Type ◽  
Temperature Water

Study on Horizontal Wells and ERW Drilling Technology of Carrying Cuttings

2012 ◽  
Vol 204-208 ◽  
pp. 397-400
Author(s):  
Cha Ma ◽  
Long Li ◽  
Yu Ping Yang
Keyword(s):  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Horizontal Wells ◽  
Petroleum Exploration ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Fluid System ◽  
Exploration And Production ◽  
Drilling Technology ◽  
Plastic Ratio ◽  
New Type ◽  
Good Heat Resistance

Hole cleaning was very difficult in horizontal wells and extended reach wells (ERW), which was the technical bottleneck in raising the progress and success rate of petroleum exploration and production at present. A new type of treating agent for drilling fluid (CNRJ), designed for horizontal wells and extended-reach wells, was synthesized. CNRJ was added to drilling fluids, and the rheological properties, temperature-resisting property and suspension performance of drilling fluid system were analysed. The results indicate that CNRJ has good compatibility with drilling fluid system, and the dynamic plastic ratio of drilling fluid system can be adjusted from 0.20 to 1.12. In addition, the drilling fluid system has good static suspension ability for cuttings, good heat resistance and pollution resistance.

Designing Drilling Fluids to Combat Circulation Losses for Arctic Environments

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mesfin Belayneh ◽  
Bernt S. Aadnøy
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Drilling Operation ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Fluid Properties ◽  
Fracture Sealing ◽  
Productive Time

Drilling fluid plays a key role in an efficient drilling operation to minimize problems such as wellbore collapse, circulation losses and stuck pipe. Well instability problems are costly as they increase the non-productive time and the overall budget (1) (2). Well instability problems controlled by designing appropriate mud density and fluid properties that controls the well. The fracture sealing ability of a drilling fluid is one very important of the drilling mud. This paper presents design of water-based drilling fluids and results from laboratory experiments to quantify the loss circulation performance of drilling fluids. Because it is preferable to use oil-based muds in some well sections, the paper will also include a recent study on how to minimize losses when using oil based muds. Here uses of micro/nanoparticles have shown to reduce filtrate losses and to build barriers that are more efficient during circulation loss events. All the tests presented are at low temperature, which is suitable for Artic environments.

Preparation and Evaluation of Sodium Hydroxymethyl Lignosulfonate as Eco-Friendly Drilling Fluid Additive

2011 ◽  
Vol 415-417 ◽  
pp. 629-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Gang Chen ◽  
Nai Wang Yang ◽  
Yang Guang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Fluid Mud ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Sodium Lignosulfonate ◽  
Mud Cake ◽  
Preparation And Evaluation

Sodium hydroxymethyl lignosulfonate (NaHLS) was prepared by hydroxymethylation of sodium lignosulfonate (NaLS) and formaldehyde to enhance the performance as drilling fluids additive. The performances of the modified drilling fluid with NaLS and NaHLS, such as rheology behavior, filtration reducer and inhibitive ability were evaluated. The results indicate that the NaHLS can enhance the viscosity at low temperature, reduce the viscosity after ageing under 180 °C, which is more effective than that of NaLS. And NaHLS reduces the filtration, as the thickness of the modified fluid mud-cake is much thinner than that of NaLS. Besides, the inhibitive ability of NaHLS for clay hydrous disintegration is more effective than that of NaLS. The properties make NaHLS a potentially effective drilling mud additive.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Qualitative and the Quantitative Risk Assessment of Hazardous Substances Requiring Management under the Occupational Safety and Health Act in South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1354
Author(s):  
Hyung-Il Moon ◽  
Sang-Woo Han ◽  
Saemi Shin ◽  
Sang-Hoon Byeon
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Quantitative Risk Assessment ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Hazard Risk ◽  
Qualitative Risk Assessment ◽  
Safety And Health

The risk assessment of hazardous substances has become increasingly important for the efficient prevention and management of various diseases or accidents caused by increased amounts of hazardous substances in the workplace. In this study, risk assessment was conducted for 36 kinds of hazardous substances requiring management by using qualitative and quantitative risk assessments. Qualitative risk assessment was performed by multiplying the exposure level class by the hazard class according to the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency’s (KOSHA) Chemical Hazard Risk Management (CHARM). The quantitative risk assessment was followed by a four-step risk assessment system presented in the Guidelines for Hazard Risk Assessment of Chemicals (KOSHA GUIDE W-6-2016). In the quantitative assessments, we presented a new method of classifying risk levels into four steps, much like qualitative assessments. In this study, the quantitative risk assessment was considered difficult to predict through qualitative risk assessment. Therefore, it is necessary to perform a quantitative risk assessment after a qualitative risk assessment for a higher level of risk assessment.

scholarly journals An Enhanced Crack-Plugging and Pressure-Bearing Oil-Based Drilling Fluid System

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 164-168
Author(s):  
Liming Dong
Keyword(s):  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Mechanism Analysis ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Filtration Loss ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Leakage Site ◽  
New Type ◽  
Fiber Materials

Compared with water-based drilling fluids (WBDF), oil-based drilling fluids (OBDF) are more prone to borehole leakage loss. Once borehole leakage occurs, it’s difficult to handle the leakage site and it will inevitably cause great economic losses. To cope with the major difficulties in OBDF leakage-proof and crack plugging, this paper conducted experiments on an enhanced crack-plugging and pressure-bearing OBDF system starting from the borehole leakage prevention measures. Then, by selecting and optimizing the materials of leakage-proof agent and crack-plugging agent for OBDF, this study prepared a new-type OBDF drilling leakage-proof agent and a new-type OBDF still crack-plugging agent and discussed their action mechanisms. Laboratory experiment and mechanism analysis results showed that, a well-proportioned combination of different type OBDF leakage-proof and crack-plugging materials such as rigid bridging particles, elastic filling particles, and fiber materials had a synergistic plugging effect and quickly formed a dense crack-plugging and pressure-bearing layer with a stable network structure (the "strong-force chain network" model), which had significantly improved the crack-plugging and pressure-bearing performance of the OBDF, and further optimized the enhanced crack-plugging and pressure-bearing OBDF system; before and after the heated rolling aging, the rheological properties and filtration loss performance of the system were good, and the filtration loss of the sand filter cake of the Permeability Plugging Apparatus (PPA) was only 11.4mL, therefore, the proposed agents exhibited good performance in drilling leakage-proof, crack-plugging, and pressure-bearing, and they were helpful to improve the pressure bearing ability of the earth stratums.

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