The dynamic friction characteristics of a rapidly sheared granular material applied to the motion of snow avalanches

1993 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.D. Dent
Keyword(s):  
Shear Layer ◽  
Slip Plane ◽  
Flat Surface ◽  
Dynamic Friction ◽  
Friction Characteristics ◽  
Dynamic Friction Coefficient ◽  
Dispersed Particles ◽  
Number Of Layers ◽  
Shear Speed ◽  
Shearing Motion

A numerical simulation of simple two-dimensional shear of round uniform grains is used to investigate the dynamic friction characteristics of the layer of snow at the base of an avalanche. For steady, uniform flow on a uniform flat surface, the dynamic friction coefficient transmitted through the shear array is found as it varies with the shear speed and normal force applied to the top of the shear layer, and the properties of the particles in the shear layer.For this simple model, the flow in the shear layer is found to be independent of the total number of layers in the shear flow. A slip plane is formed along which most of the shearing motion takes places, so that the shear is confined to just two layers of particles which slide over one another. In the absence of gravity this slip plane jumps up and down randomly within the shear layer, which is otherwise composed of agitated semi-dispersed particles.

The dynamic friction characteristics of a rapidly sheared granular material applied to the motion of snow avalanches

1993 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.D. Dent
Keyword(s):  
Shear Layer ◽  
Slip Plane ◽  
Flat Surface ◽  
Dynamic Friction ◽  
Friction Characteristics ◽  
Dynamic Friction Coefficient ◽  
Dispersed Particles ◽  
Number Of Layers ◽  
Shear Speed ◽  
Shearing Motion

A numerical simulation of simple two-dimensional shear of round uniform grains is used to investigate the dynamic friction characteristics of the layer of snow at the base of an avalanche. For steady, uniform flow on a uniform flat surface, the dynamic friction coefficient transmitted through the shear array is found as it varies with the shear speed and normal force applied to the top of the shear layer, and the properties of the particles in the shear layer. For this simple model, the flow in the shear layer is found to be independent of the total number of layers in the shear flow. A slip plane is formed along which most of the shearing motion takes places, so that the shear is confined to just two layers of particles which slide over one another. In the absence of gravity this slip plane jumps up and down randomly within the shear layer, which is otherwise composed of agitated semi-dispersed particles.

scholarly journals A Simple Mechanistic Model for Friction of Rough Partially Lubricated Surfaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Costagliola ◽  
Tobias Brink ◽  
Julie Richard ◽  
Christian Leppin ◽  
Aude Despois ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Real Contact Area ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Dynamic Friction ◽  
Real Contact ◽  
Dynamic Friction Coefficient ◽  
Direct Measurements

AbstractWe report experimental measurements of friction between an aluminum alloy sliding over steel with various lubricant densities. Using the topography scans of the surfaces as input, we calculate the real contact area using the boundary element method and the dynamic friction coefficient by means of a simple mechanistic model. Partial lubrication of the surfaces is accounted for by a random deposition model of oil droplets. Our approach reproduces the qualitative trends of a decrease of the macroscopic friction coefficient with applied pressure, due to a larger fraction of the micro-contacts being lubricated for larger loads. This approach relates direct measurements of surface topography to realistic distributions of lubricant, suggesting possible model extensions towards quantitative predictions.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on the Transition between Static and Kinetic Frictions of Steel/Shale Pairs

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Qin Lian ◽  
Chunxu Yang ◽  
Jifei Cao
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Critical Distance ◽  
Dynamic Friction ◽  
Stick Slip ◽  
Dynamic Friction Coefficient ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Stick Slip Motion ◽  
Insight Into

The transition between static and kinetic frictions of steel/shale pairs has been studied. It was found that the coefficient of friction decreased exponentially from static to dynamic friction coefficient with increasing sliding displacement. The difference between static and dynamic friction coefficients and the critical distance Dc under the dry friction condition is much larger than that under the lubricated condition. The transition from static to dynamic friction coefficient is greatly affected by the normal load, quiescent time, and sliding velocity, especially the lubricating condition. Maintaining continuous lubrication of the contact area by the lubricant is crucial to reduce or eliminate the stick-slip motion. The results provide an insight into the transition from static to dynamic friction of steel/shale pairs.

scholarly journals Tribological properties of friction composites modified by the suspended particles of exhaust flue gases

2019 ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
T. A. Akhmetov ◽  
V. K. Merinov ◽  
N. V. Kargapolova
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Suspended Particles ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Flue Gases ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Dynamic Friction ◽  
Dynamic Friction Coefficient ◽  
Arc Furnaces ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Difference

The possibility of using the deposited suspended particles of electric arc furnaces as heat-resistant modifying additives for friction composites is considered. It is shown that the precipitated particles obtained during the smelting of steel of different grades have identical morphology and are a homogeneous mechanical mixture consisting mainly of spherical particles of no more than 1 µm in size.It is established that the composites on the basis of the fluoropolymer, modified by precipitated particles obtained in the smelting of steel of various sizes have different tribological properties. This is due to the difference in the chemical composition of the deposited particles.It was found that the use of deposited particles in composite materials allows to vary the value of the dynamic friction coefficient in a wider range, in particular to obtain higher and stable values, while the wear resistance of modified friction composites is more than 500 times higher than the same index of the matrix polymer – polytetrafluoroethylene.

Dynamic Friction Characteristics of Bulk Seeds Against Flat Vertical Surfaces

1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 665-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Irvine ◽  
D. S. Jayas ◽  
M. G. Britton ◽  
N. D. G. White
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Friction ◽  
Friction Characteristics

Experimental investigation and prediction method of fretting wear in rack-plane spline couplings

2020 ◽  
pp. 135065012093983
Author(s):  
Xiangzhen Xue ◽  
Jipeng Jia ◽  
Qixin Huo ◽  
Junhong Jia
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Wear Mechanism ◽  
Static Friction ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Fretting Wear ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Dynamic Friction ◽  
Static Friction Coefficient ◽  
Dynamic Friction Coefficient ◽  
Involute Spline

To investigate the fretting wear of involute spline couplings in aerospace, rack-plane spline couplings rather than the conventional involute spline couplings in aerospace were used to conduct tribological experiments, and it was assumed that the rack-plane spline couplings exhibit consistent contact stress with the real involute spline couplings in aerospace. The relationships among the static friction coefficient, dynamic friction coefficient, and fretting friction coefficient were established via tribological experiments, as well as the fretting-wear mechanism of the rack-plane spline couplings was examined. A fretting-wear estimation model based on the fretting-wear mechanism was developed. By applying the modified Archard equation and Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian adaptive, mesh smoothing algorithm of Abacus was used. According to our experimental results, the fretting wear of the rack-plane spline couplings consisted primarily of abrasive wear, oxidative wear, and adhesive wear. For both, lubrication and non-lubrication settings, the fretting friction coefficient of 18CrNi4A steel (0.27) fluctuated between 0.12 (dynamic friction coefficient) and 0.35 (static friction coefficient). The fretting-wear results estimated via numerical prediction were consistent with the experimental results. When sm (vibration amplitude) was 20, 35, and 50 µm, the most difference in the fretting wear between the experimental results and numerical estimation was 0.001, 0.0007, and 0.001 mm, respectively. Therefore, the proposed model provides a method for accurate estimation of the fretting-wear. Additionally, the model contributes to the precise design of involute spline couplings in aerospace.

Model-Based Investigation of Friction During Start-Up of Hydrodynamic Journal Bearings

1995 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 667-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Harnoy
Keyword(s):  
Friction Model ◽  
Journal Bearings ◽  
Time Variable ◽  
Stribeck Curve ◽  
Dynamic Friction ◽  
Stick Slip ◽  
Friction Characteristics ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Variable Friction ◽  
Steady Velocity

An analysis is developed for the time-variable friction during the start-up of a rotor system. The analysis is based on a dynamic friction model that has been developed from the theory of unsteady lubrication and can describe the observed friction characteristics. The model reduces to the Stribeck curve of friction versus steady velocity, and shows hysteresis curves in oscillating velocity. The “Dahl effect” of a presliding displacement before the breakaway is also included. The results indicate that the friction characteristics and energy friction losses, during the start-up, depend on a set of dimensionless parameters that represent the bearing as well as the dynamic system. The study shows that appropriate design and operation can prevent stick-slip friction and minimize wear during start-up.

Adhesive Effects on Dynamic Friction for Unlubricated Rough Planar Surfaces

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Shi ◽  
Andreas A. Polycarpou
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Friction Model ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Dynamic Friction ◽  
Friction Behavior ◽  
Friction Forces ◽  
Normal Contact ◽  
Continuous Contact ◽  
Dynamic Friction Coefficient

As the size of contacting and sliding tribosystems decrease, intermolecular or adhesive forces become significant partly due to nanometer size surface roughness. The presence of adhesion has a major influence on the interfacial contact and friction forces as well as the microtribosystem dynamics and thus influences the overall dynamic friction behavior. In this paper, a dynamic friction model that explicitly includes adhesion, interfacial damping and the system dynamics for realistic rough surfaces was developed. The results show that the amplitude and mean value of the time varying normal contact and friction forces increase in the presence of adhesion under continuous contact conditions. Also, due to the attractive nature of adhesion, its presence delays or eliminates the occurrence of loss of contact. Furthermore, in the presence of significant adhesion, dynamic friction behavior is significantly more complicated compared to the no adhesion case, and the dynamic friction coefficient predictions may be misleading. Thus, it is more appropriate to discuss dynamic friction force instead of dynamic friction coefficient under dynamic conditions.

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