scholarly journals Infant feeding counseling within Kenyan and Zambian PMTCT services: How well does it promote good feeding practices?

2003 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
World Health ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Feeding Practice ◽  
Provider Attitudes ◽  
Hiv Positive Mothers ◽  
Nondirective Counseling ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Mother To Child

Infant feeding counseling is an important intervention for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV. More than one-third of HIV transmission to infants occurs through breastfeeding, and up to 20 percent of infants born to HIV-infected mothers acquire the virus from breast milk in countries where extended breastfeeding of children is the norm. The World Health Organization advises that HIV-positive mothers should be offered nondirective counseling on various infant feeding options that are feasible, affordable, safe, sustainable, and effective in the local context. The Horizons Program collaborated with NARESA in Kenya, the MTCT Working Group in Zambia, and UNICEF to examine the implementation of infant feeding counseling as part of a comprehensive study in each country to document the acceptability, operational barriers, cost, and impact of pilot PMTCT services. This brief presents key findings from the Kenya and Zambia studies on the content of counseling, provider attitudes about infant feeding options, and the extent to which actual infant feeding practice by mothers is consistent with recommended practice.

scholarly journals Applying Quality Improvement Approaches to Reduce Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission and Improve Health and Nutrition Care in Five Countries: Lessons from the Partnership for HIV-Free Survival

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 232595821984745
Author(s):  
Amy F. Stern ◽  
Anisa Ismail ◽  
Esther Karamagi ◽  
Tamara Nsubuga-Nyombi ◽  
Stella Kasindi Mwita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Retention In Care ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
World Health ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Hiv Positive Women ◽  
Vertical Transmission Of Hiv ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Mother To Child

The World Health Organization guidelines for treating pregnant HIV-positive women and preventing HIV transmission to infants now recommend lifelong antiretroviral treatment for pregnant and breastfeeding women. We applied quality improvement (QI) methods to support governments and facility staff to address service gaps in 5 countries under the Partnership for HIV-Free Survival (PHFS). We used 3 key strategies: break the complex problem of improving HIV-free survival into more easily implementable phases, support a national management team to oversee the project, and support facility-level staff to learn and apply QI methods to reducing mother-to-child transmission. The key results in each country were increases in data completeness and accuracy, increases in retention in care of mother–baby pairs (MBPs), increase in coverage of MBPs with appropriate services, and reduction in vertical transmission of HIV. The PHFS experience offers a model that other multicountry networks can adopt to improve service delivery and quality of care.

scholarly journals Exclusive Breast-Feeding Practice and Associated Factors among HIV-Positive Mothers in Governmental Health Facilities, Southern Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewam Mebratu ◽  
Selamawit Mengesha ◽  
Yadessa Tegene ◽  
Abraham Alano ◽  
Alemayehu Toma
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Infant Feeding Practice ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Feeding Practice ◽  
Mixed Feeding ◽  
Hiv Positive Mothers ◽  
Mother To Child

Introduction. Globally, over 90% of HIV infections among children are due to mother-to-child transmission and breastfeeding accounts for 5–20% of the burden. Avoidance of inappropriate feeding practices and practicing exclusive breastfeeding is recommended to reduce mother-to-child HIV transmission, but it is hardly practiced. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding practice and associated factors among HIV-positive mothers attending governmental PMTCT clinics in Southern Ethiopia. Methods. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to May 2019. The participants of the study were 209 HIV-positive mothers at the selected PMTCT sites. The study subjects were drawn from 10 health institutions located at 6 towns in Southern Ethiopia which constituted six hospitals and four health centers. Quantitative data were collected using the pretested structured questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between the predictors and outcome variable. Results. Among the 209 participants, 81.6% (95% CI: 75.8–86.5) practiced exclusive breastfeeding and 18.4% (95% CI: 13.5–23.7) practiced mixed feeding. Mothers who had attended the recommended four antenatal visits [AOR: 3.01, 95% CI (1.1–8.28)], who had disclosed their serostatus [AOR: 3.17, 95% CI (1.12–8.99)], who had sufficient knowledge about infant feeding practice [AOR: 3.32, 95% CI (1.15–9.55)], and favorable attitude towards infant feeding practice [AOR: 5.39, 95% CI (1.65–17.6)] were more likely to practice exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusion. Exclusive breastfeeding was predominantly practiced. But mixed feeding was also being practice considerably. Improving maternal knowledge and attitude towards appropriate infant feeding practice through appropriate counseling on ANC visits could significantly improve EBF practice. It was also evident that promoting disclose of serostatus could empower the mothers to make an informed decision on how to appropriately feed their newborn.

scholarly journals Cost-effectiveness of World Health Organization 2010 Guidelines for Prevention of Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission in Zimbabwe

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea L. Ciaranello ◽  
Freddy Perez ◽  
Barbara Engelsmann ◽  
Rochelle P. Walensky ◽  
Angela Mushavi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Mother To Child

scholarly journals An assessment of the outcomes of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV services in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Curationis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tefera G. Negash ◽  
Valerie J. Ehlers
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
World Health ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Cd4 Counts ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Mother To Child

Background: This article assessed maternal and neonatal outcomes amongst users of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV services in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Objectives: The study aimed to assess the health outcomes (antiretroviral prophylaxis versus antiretroviral treatment, CD4 counts, World Health Organization (WHO) stages of illness, other illnesses) of women who had used these services, as well as the HIV status of their babies and the infant feeding method adopted.Methods: A quantitative, cross sectional, retrospective cohort design was used. Document reviews were conducted with a sample of 384 mother-infant pairs (out of a population of 796) who had used PMTCT services.Results: All respondents were using prophylactic antiretrovirals or antiretroviral therapy, but some were on the wrong treatment based on their CD4 counts. The CD4 counts increased four times more for women on antiretroviral treatment than for those on prophylactic antiretrovirals. The WHO’s stages of HIV illness did not improve but deteriorated in some cases, and 52 other illnesses were recorded. Out of the 384 infants, 6.0% (n = 23) were HIV-positive. Most respondents opted for exclusive breast feeding but some used mixed feeding during the first six months of their infants’ lives, despite having received health education related to infant feeding options.Conclusion: The respondents’ improved CD4 counts were inadequate to improve their World Health Organization stages of HIV illness. Some babies received mixed feeding during the first six months of their lives and 6% of the babies were HIV-positive despite their mothers’ utilisation of PMTCT services.Keywords: anti-retroviral therapy (ART), CD4 counts, human immune deficiency virus (HIV), infant feeding counseling and practices, prevention of mother-to-child transmission  of HIV (PMTCT)

scholarly journals Knowledge of HIV and benefits of male medical circumcision amongst clients in an urban area

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abidemi Faleye
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
World Health ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Preventative Strategy ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Male medical circumcision (MMC) has been shown to reduce the risk of HIV transmission in circumcised men by up to 60%. Following recommendations from the World Health Organization, South Africa adopted MMC as a preventative strategy against HIV in 2010 and set up circumcision camps across the country. Concerns have been raised about condom avoidance following MMC because of a mistaken belief about the benefits of MMC.Aim and setting: The aim of this study was to describe the profile and knowledge about HIV and circumcision amongst men presenting for MMC in an urban area in KwaZulu-Natal.Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study of 394 clients over the age of 18 years who presented to two MMC sites in Durban between November 2012 and March 2013. A validated questionnaire was used to collect data.Results: The mean age of clients presenting for MMC was 28 years. Most clients were black, single, unemployed and sexually active. The majority presented for MMC because they believed that MMC would reduce their risk of acquiring HIV infection. Knowledge about HIV transmission was very good and 86.3% of clients were aware that risky sexual behaviour suchas condom avoidance could reverse the benefits of MMC.Conclusion: The knowledge of HIV and benefits of MMC was very good amongst those presenting for MMC. However as MMC is primarily a preventative strategy, innovative methods to promote MMC prior to first sexual encounter need to be explored. Further research is needed to determine whether the benefits of MMC on the reduction of HIV transmission aresustained in routine practice. [Full text article to follow]

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practice of infant feeding in the first 6 months among HIV-positive mothers at the Queen Mamohato Memorial hospital clinics, Maseru, Lesotho

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen O. Olorunfemi ◽  
Lilian Dudley
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Pmtct Programme ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Hiv Positive Mothers ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Background: The balance between the risks of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) through breastfeeding and its life-saving benefits complicates decisions about infant feeding among HIV-positive mothers in the first 6 months.Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of infant feeding among HIV-positive mothers attending the prevention of mother-to-child transmission services in Maseru, Lesotho.Method and setting: This observational cross-sectional study was done by collecting data from HIV-positive mothers attending the filter clinics of Queen Mamohato Memorial hospital in Maseru, Lesotho. HIV-positive mothers with infants below the age of 6 months attending the clinics at the time of the study were interviewed using a standardised questionnaire. We described the sociodemographic profile of the mothers, the information and education received on prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) infant feeding options, the mothers’ knowledge, attitudes and practices of infant feeding, and assessed risk factors for improved knowledge, attitudes and practices. Results: The majority (96%) of the 191 HIV-positive mothers who participated in the survey knew about the PMTCT programme and related breastfeeding services. Most of the participants chose to breastfeed (89%), while only 8% formula-fed their infants. Knowledge received during the PMTCT programme was significantly associated with the decision to exclusively breastfeed their infants. Earlier infant feeding counselling and education was associated with more exclusively breastfeeding as compared to late infant feeding counselling (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The study found that HIV-positive mothers attending health clinics in Maseru, Lesotho, had high knowledge, and appropriate attitudes and practices with respect to infant feeding; and that early counselling and education improved infant feeding methods among these mothers.

Health Education in the Border Corridor

1991 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
Hope Isaacs
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Infant Health ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Health ◽  
Mexico Border ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
United States Mexico

Despite closely maintained familial connections and cultural traditions, the Hispanic population spanning the United States-Mexico border has diverged sharply from its traditional infant feeding practices. Successive reports document a trend away from the long-established cultural pattern of breast-feeding among Hispanic mothers. At the same time, World Health Organization reports have stimulated greater awareness among health care professionals of the positive impact of breast-feeding on infant health rates in Third World countries. This paper describes a multistage project undertaken by a binational team of nursing professionals and an anthropologist. Project goals were to research, design, and implement a mode of intervention which would encourage better management of infant feeding and which could be clinically applied on both the Mexican and U.S. sides of the international border.

scholarly journals Community-based assessment of infant feeding practices within a programme for prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission in rural Zimbabwe

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 563-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Orne-Gliemann ◽  
T Mukotekwa ◽  
A Miller ◽  
F Perez ◽  
M Glenshaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Infant Feeding Practices ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Hiv Negative

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the infant feeding practices and attitudes of women who used prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) services in rural Zimbabwe.DesignA cross-sectional study including structured interviews and focus group discussions was conducted between June 2003 and February 2004.SettingThe study took place in Murambinda Mission Hospital (Buhera District, Manicaland Province), the first site offering PMTCT services in rural Zimbabwe.SubjectsThe interviews targeted HIV-infected and HIV-negative women who received prenatal HIV counselling and testing and minimal infant feeding counselling, and who delivered between 15 August 2001 and 15 February 2003. The focus groups were conducted among young and elderly men and women.ResultsOverall, 71 HIV-infected and 93 HIV-negative mothers were interviewed in clinics or at home. Most infants (97%) had ever been breast-fed. HIV-negative mothers introduced fluids/foods other than breast milk significantly sooner than HIV-infected mothers (median 4.0 vs. 6.0 months, P = 0.005). Infants born to HIV-negative mothers were weaned significantly later than HIV-exposed infants (median 19.0 vs. 6.0 months, P = 10−5). More than 90% of mothers reported that breast-feeding their infant was a personal decision, a third of whom also mentioned having taken into account health workers' messages.ConclusionThe HIV-infected mothers interviewed were gradually implementing infant feeding practices recommended in the context of HIV. Increased infant feeding support capacity in resource-limited rural populations is required, i.e. training of counselling staff, decentralised follow-up and weaning support.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of support for exclusive breastmilk expressers in the community: a scoping review

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah Strauch ◽  
Linda Sweet ◽  
Hayley Scott ◽  
Amanda Müller
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
World Health ◽  
Internet Search ◽  
Analysis Of Results ◽  
Government Websites ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Informal Supports

Abstract Background The World Health Organization recommends that infants be exclusively breastfed until the age of six months. Breastfeeding is generally understood to mean the provision of human breastmilk to the infant by direct feeding at the breast, and interventions aimed at supporting exclusive breastfeeding are therefore targeted at this activity. However, breastfeeding is actually an umbrella term covering the provision of breastmilk to an infant by any means. Our population of interest is mothers who exclusively feed their infants indirectly using expressed breastmilk. Some research suggests that any expressing, and exclusively expressing in particular, can be a risk factor for early cessation of exclusive breastmilk provision, so we were interested to identify whether any specific support existed for exclusively expressing mothers outside of the context of premature infants and the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit setting. Methods A scoping review following the Joanna Briggs Institute approach was used to explore the phenomenon of formal and informal supports in the community for exclusively expressing mothers. Searches were run across academic databases and of government websites and infant feeding support organisations. Finally, an informal internet search was run using a simple search string. Results On analysis of results, there were no studies or articles that met the search criteria. An informal internet search linked us directly with websites and blogs that could be considered a form of support intervention. These informal results suggest that support material or programs could possibly exist in other modalities but we cannot find them in the context of this type of scoping review. Conclusions The results of the search corroborated what we had suspected – that exclusively expressing mothers are not specifically supported by usual channels for new parents and that it is also difficult to find acknowledgement that exclusive expression exists. The absence of results demonstrates the relevance of this study: exclusively expressing mothers are an under-served population. If we wish to strive towards achievement of World Health Organization breastfeeding goals, exclusively expressing mothers require targeted support to assist in their infant feeding experience, and there is little formal evidence of it currently being provided.

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