scholarly journals Utjecaj Bečke oftalmološke škole na početke suvremene oftalmologije u Hrvatskoj

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-354
Author(s):  
Milan Ivanišević
Keyword(s):  
Vienna School Of Ophthalmology ◽  
Ferdinand Von Arlt ◽  
Georg Joseph Beer ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Vienna General Hospital ◽  
High Standards ◽  
Mutual Relations ◽  
19Th And 20Th Century ◽  
Joseph Beer ◽  
Eye Clinic

The founder of the Vienna School of Ophthalmology was Prof. Dr. Georg Joseph Beer, who founded the First University Eye Clinic in the Vienna General Hospital in 1812. Prof. Ferdinand von Arlt led it for 27 years from 1856 to 1883. As the First Eye Clinic became too small, the Second University Eye Clinic was founded in 1883 at the same hospital in Vienna. Since 1885 it had been led for 30 years by Prof. Ernst Fuchs. Many well-known ophthalmologists were leading those Viennese eye clinics. However, Arlt and Fuchs were the main representatives ofthe Vienna School of Ophthalmology, which was always characterised by the high standards in the diagnosis and therapy of eye diseases. Many Croatian ophthalmologists were educated by them or their students, and later they established eye departments in the major cities in Croatia and transmitted acquired knowledge and experience. The first eye departments in Croatia were formed at the turn of the 19th and 20th century. The First University Eye Clinic in Croatia started to work in Zagreb in 1923. Our ophthalmologists transmitted the organisation of the clinics as they existed in Vienna, and that was the matrix form of all European clinics at that time. Therefore, the tradition of the Vienna School of Ophthalmology was passed on to the next generations. The paper also gives short biographies of Viennese and Croatian ophthalmologists and their mutual relations in education and work.

Georg Joseph Beer: A review of his life and contributions

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
DanielM. Albert ◽  
FrederickC. Blodi
Keyword(s):  
Georg Joseph Beer ◽  
Joseph Beer

scholarly journals Forms of iron in parent rocks of soils developed from Lower Triassic (Buntsandstein) deposits in the NE part of the Holy Cross Mountains (Poland)

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-271
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Zagórski ◽  
Monika Kisiel
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Oxalate ◽  
Lower Triassic ◽  
Chemical Forms ◽  
Iron Minerals ◽  
Carbonate Cement ◽  
Holy Cross Mountains ◽  
The North ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Mutual Relations ◽  
Forms Of Iron

Abstract The aim of the study was to characterize pedogenic iron forms in the sediments of the Lower Triassic (Buntsandstein) in the north-eastern part of the Holy Cross Mountains. These are sediments of continental origin and unique features as the so-called ‘red beds’. Three main types of rocks were studied – sandstones, mudstones and claystones. Chemical forms of iron: Fet (XRF), FeHCl (6M HCl), Fed (dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate, DCB), Feo (ammonium oxalate), Fep (sodium pyrophosphate) were determined. The XRD method revealed the occurrence of goethite in sandstones and hematite in mudstones and claystones. Differential XRD (DXRD) analysis did not show the presence of amorphous iron minerals. The average Fet content in sandstones was 83 g·kg−1, in mudstones 47 g·kg−1, in claystones 55 g·kg−1, while there were lower concentrations of Fed (66 g·kg−1, 13 g·kg−1, 26 g·kg−1, respectively). Feo form content was in the range of 0.3–4 g·kg–1, while there were only traces of Fep. Only Fet and FeHCl occurred in good correlation. In the pedogenic interpretation of the studied rocks, mutual relations between chemical forms of iron were used and their reference to the identified iron minerals. Siltstones and claystones have high resistance to pedogenic factors, which is indicated by low release rates Fed:Fet and very low amorphization index Feo:Fed. The reason is the presence of well crystalline hematite in these rocks. In sandstones, resistance is conditioned by the occurrence of goethite in the matrix. Chemical destruction of iron-carbonate cement promotes the release and amorphization of iron in soils developed from sandstones. The presented results indicate that the specificity of Lower Triassic rocks is important for the proper classification and assessment of properties of soils with a characteristic red colour.

Georg Joseph Beer: A review of his life and contributions

1988 ◽  
pp. 79-103
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Albert ◽  
Frederick C. Blodi
Keyword(s):  
Georg Joseph Beer ◽  
Joseph Beer

scholarly journals THE MAN OF THE 21ST CENTURY IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: DIPLOMATIC LOGIC OF THE GAME

2018 ◽  
pp. 16-26
Author(s):  
P. Lisovsky
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Constructive Model ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Legal Personality ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Scientific Significance ◽  
Mutual Relations ◽  
Discursive Field ◽  
Preventive Methods

The author of the article considers a new paradigm of a man of the XXI century, in which the diplomatic image of culture, logically conditioned on the international arena, is of vital importance. It is found that such diplomatic logic is phenomenal as the quality of rethinking international interests in a system of scientific significance. Preventive methods of diplomacy have been identified, among which the constructive model of the diplomatic game has a priority. The OSCE is described as a diplomatic platform in the fight against transnational challenges and threats. This organization for security and cooperation in Europe is a factor in its European integration. At the same time, democracy, as a discursive field in diplomacy, is determined by the strategic goal of international development. In this sense, globalization is demonstrated as a multi-vector influence on an international diplomat. The matrix way of dialectical mutual relations between states in a diplomatic field is embodied, in which the logic of legal personality is the true guarantee of state sovereignty and transformation in the international world. A new paradigm of diplomatic consolidation of mankind as a society of wise men in the nextcycles of intercivilizational contradictions is predicted.

Crystalloid Inclusions in Hepatocyte Mitochondria and Their Similarity to Cytoplasmic Crystalloids

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 198-199
Author(s):  
Odell T. Minick ◽  
Hidejiro Yokoo
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
Structural Variations ◽  
Mitochondrial Alterations ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Crystalloid Inclusions ◽  
Liver Biopsies

Mitochondrial alterations were studied in 25 liver biopsies from patients with alcoholic liver disease. Of special interest were the morphologic resemblance of certain fine structural variations in mitochondria and crystalloid inclusions. Four types of alterations within mitochondria were found that seemed to relate to cytoplasmic crystalloids.Type 1 alteration consisted of localized groups of cristae, usually oriented in the long direction of the organelle (Fig. 1A). In this plane they appeared serrated at the periphery with blind endings in the matrix. Other sections revealed a system of equally-spaced diagonal lines lengthwise in the mitochondrion with cristae protruding from both ends (Fig. 1B). Profiles of this inclusion were not unlike tangential cuts of a crystalloid structure frequently seen in enlarged mitochondria described below.

Coherency loss in γ' precipitates in nickel-base superalloy

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 244-245
Author(s):  
R. A. Ricks ◽  
Angus J. Porter
Keyword(s):  
Lattice Mismatch ◽  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
Nickel Base Superalloy ◽  
Large Size ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Nimonic 80A ◽  
Interfacial Dislocations ◽  
Nickel Base ◽  
Coherency Loss ◽  
Nimonic 115

During a recent investigation concerning the growth of γ' precipitates in nickel-base superalloys it was observed that the sign of the lattice mismatch between the coherent particles and the matrix (γ) was important in determining the ease with which matrix dislocations could be incorporated into the interface to relieve coherency strains. Thus alloys with a negative misfit (ie. the γ' lattice parameter was smaller than the matrix) could lose coherency easily and γ/γ' interfaces would exhibit regularly spaced networks of dislocations, as shown in figure 1 for the case of Nimonic 115 (misfit = -0.15%). In contrast, γ' particles in alloys with a positive misfit could grow to a large size and not show any such dislocation arrangements in the interface, thus indicating that coherency had not been lost. Figure 2 depicts a large γ' precipitate in Nimonic 80A (misfit = +0.32%) showing few interfacial dislocations.

Influence of Heat Treatments on Microstructures in an Fe-Co-V Alloy

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 512-513
Author(s):  
S. Mahajan ◽  
M. R. Pinnel ◽  
J. E. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Alloy Composition ◽  
Supersaturated Solid Solution ◽  
Cell Formation ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Iced Brine ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Bcc Structure

The microstructural changes in an Fe-Co-V alloy (composition by wt.%: 2.97 V, 48.70 Co, 47.34 Fe and balance impurities, such as C, P and Ni) resulting from different heat treatments have been evaluated by optical metallography and transmission electron microscopy. Results indicate that, on air cooling or quenching into iced-brine from the high temperature single phase ϒ (fcc) field, vanadium can be retained in a supersaturated solid solution (α2) which has bcc structure. For the range of cooling rates employed, a portion of the material appears to undergo the γ-α2 transformation massively and the remainder martensitically. Figure 1 shows dislocation topology in a region that may have transformed martensitically. Dislocations are homogeneously distributed throughout the matrix, and there is no evidence for cell formation. The majority of the dislocations project along the projections of <111> vectors onto the (111) plane, implying that they are predominantly of screw character.

Heterogeneity of Size and Distribution of Intramembrane Particles in the Plasma Membrane of Yeast

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 596-597
Author(s):  
E. Keyhani
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Candida Utilis ◽  
Synthetic Medium ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Translational Diffusion ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Intramembrane Particles ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Water Cell

The matrix of biological membranes consists of a lipid bilayer into which proteins or protein aggregates are intercalated. Freeze-fracture techni- ques permit these proteins, perhaps in association with lipids, to be visualized in the hydrophobic regions of the membrane. Thus, numerous intramembrane particles (IMP) have been found on the fracture faces of membranes from a wide variety of cells (1-3). A recognized property of IMP is their tendency to form aggregates in response to changes in experi- mental conditions (4,5), perhaps as a result of translational diffusion through the viscous plane of the membrane. The purpose of this communica- tion is to describe the distribution and size of IMP in the plasma membrane of yeast (Candida utilis).Yeast cells (ATCC 8205) were grown in synthetic medium (6), and then harvested after 16 hours of culture, and washed twice in distilled water. Cell pellets were suspended in growth medium supplemented with 30% glycerol and incubated for 30 minutes at 0°C, centrifuged, and prepared for freeze-fracture, as described earlier (2,3).

Electron microscopy and diffraction studies of polyimides

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 28-29
Author(s):  
O.C. de Hodgins ◽  
K. R. Lawless ◽  
R. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Inert Atmosphere ◽  
Polyimide Films ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscope ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Polymeric Samples

Commercial polyimide films have shown to be homogeneous on a scale of 5 to 200 nm. The observation of Skybond (SKB) 705 and PI5878 was carried out by using a Philips 400, 120 KeV STEM. The objective was to elucidate the structural features of the polymeric samples. The specimens were spun and cured at stepped temperatures in an inert atmosphere and cooled slowly for eight hours. TEM micrographs showed heterogeneities (or nodular structures) generally on a scale of 100 nm for PI5878 and approximately 40 nm for SKB 705, present in large volume fractions of both specimens. See Figures 1 and 2. It is possible that the nodulus observed may be associated with surface effects and the structure of the polymers be regarded as random amorphous arrays. Diffraction patterns of the matrix and the nodular areas showed different amorphous ring patterns in both materials. The specimens were viewed in both bright and dark fields using a high resolution electron microscope which provided magnifications of 100,000X or more on the photographic plates if desired.

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