scholarly journals Pertumbuhan Bakteri Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation (Anammox) Pada Salinitas 2 dan 9 Persen

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Wijanarka Wijanarka ◽  
Sudarno Sudarno ◽  
Novi A. Pratama
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Environmental Effect ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Nitrogen Gas ◽  
Selective Media ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Anammox Process

When ammonia in waste water is lost inappropriately, it  will raise an adverse environmental effect for the aquatic cycle. Anammox, anaerobic ammonia oxidation, is a novel process in which nitrite is used as an electron acceptor in the conversion of ammonium to nitrogen gas. The anammox process removes ammonium in the autrotrophic system by leaving little biomass. This study aims to analyze the effect of salinity on the growth of anammox bacteria. The samples used were from the brackish water sediments of the East Flood Canal River of Semarang. The isolation was done by gram staining and the bacteria were inoculated on media with different salinity concentration and the growth was measured using spectrophotometer. The results showed that anammox bacteria had a higher growth rate of 3% (control) when it was grown on a medium with a concentration of 9%. Anammox bacteria grown on anammox selective media showed that the bacteria were able to adapt to environments with different salinity concentrations of 2% and 9%. Key words: anammox, ammonium, nitrogen, anammox bacteria.

scholarly journals Nitrogen removal via a single-stage PN–Anammox process in a novel combined biofilm reactor

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 1483-1492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue-mei Han ◽  
Feng-xia Liu ◽  
Xiao-fei Xu ◽  
Zhuo Yan ◽  
Zhi-jun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
High Ammonia ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Anammox Process

Abstract This study developed a partial nitrification (PN) and anaerobic ammonia oxidation (Anammox) process for treating high-ammonia wastewater using an innovative biofilm system in which ammonia oxidizing bacteria grew on fluidized Kaldnes (K1) carriers and Anammox bacteria grew on fixed acryl resin carriers. The airlift loop biofilm reactor (ALBR) was stably operated for more than 4 months under the following conditions: 35 ± 2 °C, pH 7.5–8.0 and dissolved oxygen (DO) of 0.5–3.5 mg/L. The results showed that the total nitrogen removal efficiency reached a maximum of 75% and the total nitrogen removal loading rate was above 0.4 kg/(d·m3). DO was the most efficient control parameter in the mixed biofilm system, and values below 1.5 mg/L were observed in the riser zone for the PN reaction, while values below 0.8 mg/L were observed in the downer zone for the Anammox reaction. Scanning electron microscopy and Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization images showed that most of the nitrifying bacteria were distributed on the K1 carriers and most of the Anammox bacteria were distributed within the acryl resin carriers. Therefore, the results indicate that the proposed combined biofilm system is easy to operate and efficient for the treatment of high-ammonia wastewater.

Molecular evidence of the existence of anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria in the gut of polychaete (Neanthes glandicincta)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Li ◽  
Ji-Dong GU
Keyword(s):  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Coastal Sediments ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Axial Distribution ◽  
Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Neanthes Glandicincta

Neanthes are one of the most important groups of polychaete in coastal sediments, which play an important role on the nutrient cycling in coastal sediments. Here we report on the existence of anammox bacteria in the gut of polychaete Neanthes glandicincta based on the analysis of 16S rRNA gene and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Three distinct clusters of anammox bacteria are found in different gut sections of N. glandicincta, and one of them is considered as a novel, gut specific anammox bacteria after comparing with the anammox bacteria recovered from surrounding pre-digested sediment. The uniform axial distribution of anammox bacteria in different gut sections of N. glandicincta is also found in present study. These results extend our knowledge of microbial ecology of anammox bacteria in the natural environments.

Identification of anammox bacteria in a full-scale deammonification plant making use of anaerobic ammonia oxidation

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 408-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerd Innerebner ◽  
Heribert Insam ◽  
Ingrid H. Franke-Whittle ◽  
Bernhard Wett
Keyword(s):  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation

Research on Startup Process and Influencing Factors of Half-Nitrosofication in CANON Reactor

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 1464-1468
Author(s):  
Yi Wang ◽  
La Hua Jin
Keyword(s):  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Bacteria Growth ◽  
Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
High Ammonia ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
Simulated Wastewater ◽  
Startup Process

The experimental study on startup process of half-nitrosofication for high ammonia nitrogen simulated wastewater has been accomplished with a reactor of completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON). The startup process and its influences of the concentration of influent , DO and pH were analyzed with the experimental results. The results show that the conversion rate of to is close to 55%, the accumulation rate of is over 95% and the rate of to steadily keeps as 1.02~1.24 under the condition of influent of 400 mg/L, pH of 7.6~8.2, DO of 0.95~1.3mg/L, HRT of 1.5d and water temperature of 17~27°C, which meet the environmental requirements for anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria growth, and half-nitrosofication was achieved in the CANON reactor, which create good conditions for further enrichment of anammox bacteria for the operation of the CANON reactor.

The nitrogen cycle

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Kirchman
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Nitrogen Cycle ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Nitrogen Gas ◽  
Chemolithoautotrophic Bacteria

Nitrogen is required for the biosynthesis of many cellular components and can take on many oxidation states, ranging from −3 to +5. Consequently, nitrogen compounds can act as either electron donors (chemolithotrophy) or electron acceptors (anaerobic respiration). The nitrogen cycle starts with nitrogen fixation, the reduction of nitrogen gas to ammonium. Nitrogen fixation is carried out only by prokaryotes, mainly some cyanobacteria and heterotrophic bacteria. The ammonium resulting from nitrogen fixation is quickly used by many organisms for biosynthesis, being preferred over nitrate as a nitrogen source. It is also oxidized aerobically by chemolithoautotrophic bacteria and archaea during the first step of nitrification. The second step, nitrite oxidation, is carried out by other bacteria not involved in ammonia oxidation, resulting in the formation of nitrate. Some bacteria are capable of carrying out both steps (“comammox”). This nitrate can then be reduced to nitrogen gas or nitrous oxide during denitrification. It can be reduced to ammonium, a process called “dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium.” Nitrogen gas is also released by anaerobic oxidation of ammonium (“anammox”) which is carried out by bacteria in the Planctomycetes phylum. The theoretical contribution of anammox to total nitrogen gas release is 29%, but the actual contribution varies greatly. Another gas in the nitrogen cycle, nitrous oxide, is a greenhouse gas produced by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaea. The available data indicate that the global nitrogen cycle is in balance, with losses from nitrogen gas production equaling gains via nitrogen fixation. But excess nitrogen from fertilizers is contributing to local imbalances and several environmental problems in drinking waters, reservoirs, lakes, and coastal oceans.

scholarly journals Effects of Recirculating Aquaculture System Wastewater on Anammox Performance and Community Structure

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1183
Author(s):  
Jonathan A. C. Roques ◽  
Federico Micolucci ◽  
Suguru Hosokawa ◽  
Kristina Sundell ◽  
Tomonori Kindaichi
Keyword(s):  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Recirculating Aquaculture ◽  
Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Recirculating Aquaculture Systems ◽  
Essential Trace Elements ◽  
Anammox Activity ◽  
Subsequent Phase

Recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) are good candidates for the sustainable development of the aquaculture sector. A current limitation of RAS is the production and accumulation of nitrogenous waste, which could affect fish health. We investigated the potential of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) process to treat marine wastewater from a cold-water RAS. We show that the marine anammox bacteria Candidatus Scalindua is a promising candidate. However, its activity was affected by unknown compounds in the RAS wastewater and/or the sub-optimum of essential trace elements (TEs). Anammox activity dropped to 2% and 13% in NH4+ and NO2- removal, respectively, when nitrate-rich RAS wastewater was used as a medium in the absence of TE supplementation. A TE supplementation was added to the RAS wastewater in a subsequent phase, and a recovery in anammox activity was shown (25% and 24% in NH4+ and NO2- removal, respectively). Future studies need to identify the unknown factor and determine the specific needs regarding TE for optimal RAS wastewater treatment by Candidatus Scalindua.

Study of the low temperature anoxic ammonia oxidation feasibility

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Nikolaev ◽  
M. N. Kozlov ◽  
M. V. Kevbrina ◽  
A. G. Dorofeev ◽  
V. G. Aseeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Nitrification Rate ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactors ◽  
Digested Sludge ◽  
Anammox Process ◽  
Heterotrophic Denitrification

The paper presents results of study of anoxic ammonia oxidation at low temperature conducted at JSC Mosvodokanal, Moscow, Russia. The study was carried out in two reactors, 5 l each, operated at the temperature of 5–10 °С. Both reactors were inoculated with the soil, collected from waste water sludge landfill, that presumably, contained low-temperature adapted nitrifying bacteria. Reactor No. 1 contained nitrifying bacteria only. Reactor No. 2 was further inoculated by anammox bacteria. Filtrate from digested sludge belt thickeners was added into the reactors to achieve a final N-NH4 concentration of 70–95 mg/l. The reactors were operated as sequencing batch reactors. After 90 days of incubation maximal nitrification rate in reactor No. 1 was 1.4 mg N-NH4/g VSS*h, and in reactor No. 2–1.0 mg N-NH4/g VSS*h. Estimated doubling time of nitrifying bacteria was 45 days. Total mineral nitrogen removal in the 1st reactor was 20% (via process of heterotrophic denitrification), and in the 2nd – 60% (via both the processes of heterotrophic and autotrophic nitrate reduction). Through the process of autotrophic denitrification (anammox), two times as much nitrogen was removed, compared to the heterotrophic denitrification process. Anammox process rate was 0.4 mg N-NH4/g VSS*h.

scholarly journals Application of the Anammox in China—A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruolan Wen ◽  
Yue Jin ◽  
Wenjie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Greenhouse Gases Emissions ◽  
Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
High Ammonia ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Anammox Process ◽  
Selection Of

Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) has been one of the most innovative discoveries for the treatment of wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen concentrations. The process has significant advantages for energy saving and sludge reduction, also capital costs and greenhouse gases emissions are reduced. Recently, the use of anammox has rapidly become mainstream in China. This study reviews the engineering applications of the anammox process in China, including various anammox-based technologies, selection of anammox reactors and attempts to apply them to different wastewater treatment plants. This review discusses the control and implementation of stable reactor operation and analyzes challenges facing mainstream anammox applications. Finally, a unique and novel perspective on the development and application of anammox in China is presented.

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