scholarly journals Application of the Anammox in China—A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruolan Wen ◽  
Yue Jin ◽  
Wenjie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Greenhouse Gases Emissions ◽  
Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
High Ammonia ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Anammox Process ◽  
Selection Of

Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) has been one of the most innovative discoveries for the treatment of wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen concentrations. The process has significant advantages for energy saving and sludge reduction, also capital costs and greenhouse gases emissions are reduced. Recently, the use of anammox has rapidly become mainstream in China. This study reviews the engineering applications of the anammox process in China, including various anammox-based technologies, selection of anammox reactors and attempts to apply them to different wastewater treatment plants. This review discusses the control and implementation of stable reactor operation and analyzes challenges facing mainstream anammox applications. Finally, a unique and novel perspective on the development and application of anammox in China is presented.

Research on Startup Process and Influencing Factors of Half-Nitrosofication in CANON Reactor

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 1464-1468
Author(s):  
Yi Wang ◽  
La Hua Jin
Keyword(s):  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Bacteria Growth ◽  
Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
High Ammonia ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
Simulated Wastewater ◽  
Startup Process

The experimental study on startup process of half-nitrosofication for high ammonia nitrogen simulated wastewater has been accomplished with a reactor of completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON). The startup process and its influences of the concentration of influent , DO and pH were analyzed with the experimental results. The results show that the conversion rate of to is close to 55%, the accumulation rate of is over 95% and the rate of to steadily keeps as 1.02~1.24 under the condition of influent of 400 mg/L, pH of 7.6~8.2, DO of 0.95~1.3mg/L, HRT of 1.5d and water temperature of 17~27°C, which meet the environmental requirements for anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria growth, and half-nitrosofication was achieved in the CANON reactor, which create good conditions for further enrichment of anammox bacteria for the operation of the CANON reactor.

scholarly journals Experimental research on the treatment of low C/N wastewater by SBBR-UASB combined process

2020 ◽  
Vol 218 ◽  
pp. 03027
Author(s):  
Yafeng Li ◽  
Huixue Hu ◽  
Jianbo Wu
Keyword(s):  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Coupling Mechanism ◽  
Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
High Ammonia ◽  
Oxidation Stage ◽  
In Series ◽  
Two Stages

The research takes low C/N ratio and high ammonia nitrogen sewage as the treatment object, connects the SBBR reactor and UASB reactor after stable operation in series, and studies the PN-ANAMMOX coupling mechanism. The research analyze the effect of the influencing factors of the nitrification process on the subsequent anaerobic ammonia oxidation stage. The two stages adapt to each other that constantly debug and run. The research investigate its denitrification effect, analyze the biological denitrification mechanism and determine the optimal working conditions.

scholarly journals Experimental study on the influencing factors of SBBR nitrosation controlled by sodium chlorate inhibitor

2020 ◽  
Vol 218 ◽  
pp. 03030
Author(s):  
Yafeng Li ◽  
Chong Gao ◽  
Jianbo Wu
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Sodium Chlorate ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
High Ammonia

The research takes low C/N ratio sewage as the research object, and quickly realizes the accumulation of nitrite nitrogen by adding inhibitors into the SBBR reactor, and realizes the nitrogen removal by anaerobic ammonia oxidation in the reactor. Determining the optimal operating parameters is of farreaching significance for the treatment of wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen and low C/N and achieving economical and efficient nitrogen removal. Control the ammonia oxidation reaction, keep the nitrification process in the nitrosation stage, and realize the rapid accumulation of NO2--N is the problem that the reactor needs to solve. This experiment uses a combination of batch test and periodic test to conduct experimental research on various influencing factors in the partial nitrosation process: temperature, pH, DO and find the best operating conditions to achieve high-efficiency accumulation of NO2--N and optimize the reaction conditions.

scholarly journals Role of pH on biological Nitrification Process

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 119-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iswar Man Amatya ◽  
Bhagwan Ratna Kansakar ◽  
Vinod Tare ◽  
Liv Fiksdal
Keyword(s):  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Microbial Kinetics ◽  
Nitrification Process ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
In Series ◽  
Biological Nitrification ◽  
Oxidation Efficiency ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite

It is important to determine the effect of changing environmental conditions on the microbial kinetics for design and modeling of biological treatment processes. In this research, the kinetics of ammonia oxidation by nitrifying process bacteria under varying pH and temperature conditions are studied. Ammonia oxidation in groundwater was carried out by biological method of nitrification process. The nitrification was performed in one set of reactors. The reactor consists of two columns connected in series packed with over burnt bricks as media. The filtration rate varied from 10.5 to 210.4 m/day for nitrification process respectively. The ammonia, nitrate and nitrite nitrogen concentrations were measured at inlet, intermediate ports and outlet. The temperature varied from 10 to 30°C at 2°C intervals. The results demonstrated that high amounts of ammonia nitrogen nitrified in groundwater at nitrification process. The average ammonia nitrogen oxidation efficiency of 77.27% was achieved from pH 7.3 to 8.0 in the reactor packed with OBB media at 20°C, for the flow rate 500ml/min due to biological nitrification. The total amount of ammonia nitrogen removed by nitrification varied from 0.76 to 17.80 gm/m3/h at influent concentration from 2.84 to 149.28 gm/m3/h.Key words: Over burnt brick; Filtration rate; Temperature; Nitrification and Nitrifying bacteriaDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jie.v8i1-2.5102Journal of the Institute of Engineering Vol. 8, No. 1&2, 2010/2011Page: 119-125Uploaded Date: 20 July, 2011

The possibility of using encapsulated nitrifiers for treatment of reject water coming from anaerobic digestion

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (8) ◽  
pp. 1428-1434 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Vacková ◽  
R. Stloukal ◽  
J. Wanner
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Reject Water ◽  
Batch Tests ◽  
Plant Optimization ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations

Large wastewater treatment plants have to deal not only with the influent wastewater, but also with the highly concentrated reject water coming from anaerobic digestion. The aim of this work was to verify the suitability of using encapsulated nitrifiers in polyvinyl alcohol carrier (so called Lentikats Biocatalyst) at temperatures between 5 and 30 °C. For laboratory nitrification batch tests synthetic wastewater with ammonia nitrogen (Namon) concentration 10–800 mg L−1 was used. The system has been proved to operate at the temperature of 10 °C, but not at 5 °C. It was found that the highest specific nitrification rates were observed at 30 °C and with ammonia nitrogen concentrations above 250 mg L−1, which means that separate treatment of reject water by using encapsulated biomass seems to be an effective tool for wastewater treatment plant optimization.

A fixed-point titration method for the determination of ammonium in anaerobic systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (28) ◽  
pp. 3552-3556
Author(s):  
Zhe-Xuan Mu ◽  
Chuan-Shu He ◽  
Jian-Kai Jiang ◽  
Yang Mu
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Point ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Titration Method ◽  
Methanogenic Activity ◽  
High Ammonia ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations

High ammonia nitrogen concentrations inhibit methanogenic activity and induce digester upset or failure.

scholarly journals Nitrogen removal via a single-stage PN–Anammox process in a novel combined biofilm reactor

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 1483-1492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue-mei Han ◽  
Feng-xia Liu ◽  
Xiao-fei Xu ◽  
Zhuo Yan ◽  
Zhi-jun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
High Ammonia ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Anammox Process

Abstract This study developed a partial nitrification (PN) and anaerobic ammonia oxidation (Anammox) process for treating high-ammonia wastewater using an innovative biofilm system in which ammonia oxidizing bacteria grew on fluidized Kaldnes (K1) carriers and Anammox bacteria grew on fixed acryl resin carriers. The airlift loop biofilm reactor (ALBR) was stably operated for more than 4 months under the following conditions: 35 ± 2 °C, pH 7.5–8.0 and dissolved oxygen (DO) of 0.5–3.5 mg/L. The results showed that the total nitrogen removal efficiency reached a maximum of 75% and the total nitrogen removal loading rate was above 0.4 kg/(d·m3). DO was the most efficient control parameter in the mixed biofilm system, and values below 1.5 mg/L were observed in the riser zone for the PN reaction, while values below 0.8 mg/L were observed in the downer zone for the Anammox reaction. Scanning electron microscopy and Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization images showed that most of the nitrifying bacteria were distributed on the K1 carriers and most of the Anammox bacteria were distributed within the acryl resin carriers. Therefore, the results indicate that the proposed combined biofilm system is easy to operate and efficient for the treatment of high-ammonia wastewater.

Nitrous oxide production by lithotrophic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and implications for engineered nitrogen-removal systems

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1832-1837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kartik Chandran ◽  
Lisa Y. Stein ◽  
Martin G. Klotz ◽  
Mark C.M. van Loosdrecht
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
N2o Production ◽  
Nitrogen Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Inventories ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations

Chemolithoautotrophic AOB (ammonia-oxidizing bacteria) form a crucial component in microbial nitrogen cycling in both natural and engineered systems. Under specific conditions, including transitions from anoxic to oxic conditions and/or excessive ammonia loading, and the presence of high nitrite (NO2−) concentrations, these bacteria are also documented to produce nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous oxide (N2O) gases. Essentially, ammonia oxidation in the presence of non-limiting substrate concentrations (ammonia and O2) is associated with N2O production. An exceptional scenario that leads to such conditions is the periodical switch between anoxic and oxic conditions, which is rather common in engineered nitrogen-removal systems. In particular, the recovery from, rather than imposition of, anoxic conditions has been demonstrated to result in N2O production. However, applied engineering perspectives, so far, have largely ignored the contribution of nitrification to N2O emissions in greenhouse gas inventories from wastewater-treatment plants. Recent field-scale measurements have revealed that nitrification-related N2O emissions are generally far higher than emissions assigned to heterotrophic denitrification. In the present paper, the metabolic pathways, which could potentially contribute to NO and N2O production by AOB have been conceptually reconstructed under conditions especially relevant to engineered nitrogen-removal systems. Taken together, the reconstructed pathways, field- and laboratory-scale results suggest that engineering designs that achieve low effluent aqueous nitrogen concentrations also minimize gaseous nitrogen emissions.

scholarly journals Pertumbuhan Bakteri Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation (Anammox) Pada Salinitas 2 dan 9 Persen

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Wijanarka Wijanarka ◽  
Sudarno Sudarno ◽  
Novi A. Pratama
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Environmental Effect ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Nitrogen Gas ◽  
Selective Media ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Anammox Process

When ammonia in waste water is lost inappropriately, it  will raise an adverse environmental effect for the aquatic cycle. Anammox, anaerobic ammonia oxidation, is a novel process in which nitrite is used as an electron acceptor in the conversion of ammonium to nitrogen gas. The anammox process removes ammonium in the autrotrophic system by leaving little biomass. This study aims to analyze the effect of salinity on the growth of anammox bacteria. The samples used were from the brackish water sediments of the East Flood Canal River of Semarang. The isolation was done by gram staining and the bacteria were inoculated on media with different salinity concentration and the growth was measured using spectrophotometer. The results showed that anammox bacteria had a higher growth rate of 3% (control) when it was grown on a medium with a concentration of 9%. Anammox bacteria grown on anammox selective media showed that the bacteria were able to adapt to environments with different salinity concentrations of 2% and 9%. Key words: anammox, ammonium, nitrogen, anammox bacteria.

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