scholarly journals Biogas Fermentation from Vegetable Waste and Horse Rumen Involving Effective Microorganism-4 (EM4)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mimin Septian ◽  
Irhamni Nuhardin ◽  
Arief Muliawan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Vegetable Waste ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Effective Microorganism

A vegetable waste is an organic matter that contains cellulose which potential to be processed into biogas with anaerobic fermentation process. The aims of this research are to find out how long time to produce biogas from vegetable waste and horse Rumen by using EM4, what does the effect of the addition of EM4 to the biogas yield and the content of the produced gas. Vegetables waste and Rumen rasio 1:1 (500g:500g). Water Content of 500g. Addition variable of EM4 in each digester are 0 ml, 50 ml, 100 ml, 150 ml dan 200 ml. Fermentation process takes time about 3 to 15 days.  This result shows that the average time of fermentation lasts up to 11 days. The addition of 150 ml EM4 generate the highest pressure, come to 322.801 Pa, capable of producing the highest biogas yield of 0.2679 % with CO2content of 5.15 %.

scholarly journals Pembuatan Kompos Sampah Dapur dan Taman dengan Bantuan Aktivator EM4

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Sri Hastuti ◽  
Tri Martini ◽  
Candra Purnawan ◽  
Abu Masykur ◽  
Atmanto Heru Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Photosynthetic Bacteria ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Effective Microorganisms ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Streptomyces Sp ◽  
Effective Microorganism ◽  
Garden Waste

<p>Pembuatan kompos dari sampah dapur dan taman dengan bantuan <em>effective microorganism</em> (EM4) dan <em>microorganism local</em> (MOL) telah dilakukan. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah memanfaatkan sampah yang ada di sekitar untuk dijadikan barang yang lebih berguna.  EM4 merupakan kultur campuran dari mikroorganisme yang menguntungkan yang mengandung mikroorganisme fermentasi dan sintetik yang terdiri dari bakteri Asam Laktat (<em>Lactobacillus Sp</em>), bakteri Fotosentetik (<em>Rhodopseudomonas Sp</em>), <em>Actinomycetes Sp</em>, <em>Streptomyces Sp</em> dan Yeast (ragi) dan Jamur pengurai selulose. Bahan ini membantu fermentasi bahan organik tanah menjadi senyawa organik yang mudah diserap oleh akar tanaman.  Proses pembuatan kompos dilakukan dengan mencampurkan sampah dapur dan taman dengan penambahan EM4. Proses fermentasi dilakukan variasi waktu 10, 14, 21, 26 dan 32 hari. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa semakin lama fermentasi kompos yang dihasilkan semakin baik dimana daun telah hancur berubah bentuk seperti tanah.</p><p><strong><em>Kitchen and Garden Waste Composting using EM4 Activator. </em></strong><em>Composting of kitchen and garden waste with the help of effective microorganisms (EM4) and microorganism local (MOL) has been carried out. The purpose of this activity is to use the waste to become more useful items. EM4 is a mixed culture of beneficial microorganisms. This material contains microorganisms consisting of lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus Sp), photosynthetic bacteria (Rhodopseudomonas Sp), Actinomycetes Sp, Streptomyces Sp, and yeast, and cellulose-decomposing fungi. This activator helps break down soil organic matter into organic compounds that are easily absorbed by plant roots. The composting was done by mixing kitchen and garden waste with the addition of EM4 and MOL. The fermentation process was carried out in variations of 10, 14, 21, 26, and 32 days. The results showed that the longer the fermentation time the better the compost was produced indicating by the leaves had crumbled into shape like the soil.</em></p>

scholarly journals The Analysis of a Prototype Installation for Biogas Production from Chosen Agricultural Substrates

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2132
Author(s):  
Kinga Borek ◽  
Wacław Romaniuk ◽  
Kamil Roman ◽  
Michał Roman ◽  
Maciej Kuboń
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Organic Liquid ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Alternative Processing ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Methane production by fermentation is a complex biochemical process, in which micromolecular organic substances are broken down by anaerobic bacteria into simple stabilized chemicals—mainly methane CH4 and carbon dioxide CO2. The organic matter of the slurry consists mainly of fats, proteins and carbohydrates. As a result of biochemical changes in the process of anaerobic decomposition, some of this matter is mineralized to simple chemical compounds. Cattle and pig husbandry offers enormous potential for useable biogas plant substrates. As a result of the constantly increasing amounts of animal husbandry products, and increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements aimed at reusing natural fertilizers, it is necessary to look for alternative processing methods. The need for efficiency in obtaining biogas from substrates (e.g., manure) was met by the laboratory stand presented in this article, for which the Polish patent No. 232200 was obtained. The new technology also allows leaching of the organic liquid, e.g., from manure, and subjecting it to methane fermentation. The solution allows the individual elements of the technological line that determine the fermentation process to be tested under laboratory conditions. It also allows testing of the substrates in terms of fermentation, to determine their physical and chemical characteristics, and then to characterize the fermentation process in terms of the quality and quantity of the resulting biogas and the quality of post-fermentation residues. Compressing biogas for local distribution was also proposed. As part of the research, using a laboratory stand, the organic matter was leached from manure, for the purpose of biogas production. In addition, the biogas yield from manure at varying degrees of maturity was assessed. The best properties in terms of biogas yield forecasting were demonstrated by manure composted for 4–8 weeks.

scholarly journals Koloni Mikroorganisme pada Kuantitas Nitrogen dan Belerang Hasil Mineralisasi pada Residu Proses Fermentasi Biogas: Analisis Keanekaragaman

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sitti Norul Hotimah ◽  
Ahmad Syauqi ◽  
Hasan Zayadi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
Fermentation Processes ◽  
A Value ◽  
Sample Test ◽  
The Mean

Biogas is gas that produced by anaerobic activities or fermentation result from organic matter including dirt human and animal, domestic waste (households), biodegradable garbage or any biodegradable organic waste in anaerobic condition.  Bio-slurry or biogas waste is a product of biogas processing that made from a mixture of livestock manure and water through anaerobic fermentation processes in biogas installations. This research was carried out to get the dominance value of microorganism colonies at the quantity of nitrogen and sulphur which the result of mineralization in the biogas fermentation residue, to determine the concentration of NH4+ ( % ) and sulphate ( % ) as the quantity of nitrogen and sulfur by mineralization result at the residue of the biogas fermentation process. This research was usesd method of descriptive – quantitave and SPC analysis. A value of diversity index ( H’ ) of 0.98352 and domination value (D ) of 0.10476. Microbial dominaton was  obtained 31 white microbial colonies, 9 yellowish, and 17 pink. The NH4+ in the sample test was seen from nine replication days, the results of UCL value was 38.57%, LCL was 32.58%, and mean was 35.58%. The results of sulphate concentration in nine replication days was obtained the UCL 3.84%, LCL 2.72%, and the mean 3.28% of sulphate concentration.Keywords: Microorganism, nitrogen, sulphurABSTRAKBiogas adalah gas yang dihasilkan oleh aktivitas anaerobik atau hasil fermentasi dari bahan-bahan organik termasuk kotoran manusia dan hewan, limbah domestik (rumah tangga), sampah yang dapat didegradasi atau setiap limbah organik yang biodegradable. Bioslury atau residu biogas adalah produk proses biogas dibuat dari bahan campuran kotoran ternak dan air melalui proses fermentasi anaerob pada instalasi biogas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan nilai dominasi koloni mikroorganisme pada kuantitas nitrogen dan belerang hasil mineralisasi pada residu proses fermentasi biogas, menentukan kadar NH4+ (%) dan Sulfat (%) sebagai kuantitas nitrogen dan belerang hasil mineralisasi pada residu proses fermentasi biogas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif – kuantitatif serta analisis SPC. Nilai Indeks Keanekaragaman (H’) 0,98352 dan nilai dominasi (D) 0,10476. Dominasi mikroorganisme didapatkan hasil koloni mikroorganisme bewarna putih sebanyak 31, 9 kekuningan,  dan 17 merah muda. Dari pengamatan NH4+ pada sampel uji diketahui dari sembilan hari ulangan, hasil nilai UCL 38,57%, LCL 32,58%, dan mean 35,58%. Hasil kadar sulfat dalam sembilan hari ulangan tersebut didapatkan hasil UCL 3,84%, LCL 2,72%, dan mean 3,28% kadar sulfat.Kata kunci: mikroorganisme, nitrogen, belerang

scholarly journals Impact of Fe and Ni Addition on the VFAs’ Generation and Process Stability of Anaerobic Fermentation Containing Cd

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (21) ◽  
pp. 4066
Author(s):  
Zhang ◽  
Xu ◽  
Tian ◽  
Zheng ◽  
Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Process Stability ◽  
Absolute Abundance ◽  
Fermentation System ◽  
Microbial Properties ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Ni Addition ◽  
Biological Wastes

The effects of Cd, Cd + Fe, and Cd + Ni on the thermophilic anaerobic fermentation of corn stover and cow manure were studied in pilot experiments by investigating the biogas properties, process stability, substrate biodegradation, and microbial properties. The results showed that the addition of Fe and Ni into the Cd-containing fermentation system induced higher cumulative biogas yields and NH4+–N concentrations compared with the only Cd-added group. Ni together with Cd improved and brought forward the peak daily biogas yields, and increased the CH4 contents to 80.76%. Taking the whole fermentation process into consideration, the promoting impact of the Cd + Ni group was mainly attributed to better process stability, a higher average NH4+–N concentration, and increased utilization of acetate. Adding Fe into the Cd-containing fermentation system increased the absolute abundance of Methanobrevibacter on the 13th day, and Methanobrevibacter and Methanobacterium were found to be positively correlated with the daily biogas yield. This research was expected to provide a basis for the reuse of biological wastes contaminated by heavy metals and a reference for further studies on the influence of compound heavy metals on anaerobic fermentation.

Effect of addition of anaerobic fermented OFMSW (organic fraction of municipal solid waste) on biological nutrient removal (BNR) process: preliminary results

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 327-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Pavan ◽  
P. Battistoni ◽  
P. Traverso ◽  
A. Musacco ◽  
F. Cecchi
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
P Release ◽  
Pure Methanol ◽  
P Removal

The paper presents results coming from experiments on pilot scale plants about the possibility to integrate the organic waste and wastewater treatment cycles, using the light organic fraction produced via anaerobic fermentation of OFMSW as RBCOD source for BNR processes. The effluent from the anaerobic fermentation process, with an average content of 20 g/l of VFA+ lactic acid was added to wastewater to be treated in order to increase RBCOD content of about 60-70 mg/l. The results obtained in the BNR process through the addition of the effluent from the fermentation unit are presented. Significant increase of denitrification rate was obtained: 0.06 KgN-NO3/KgVSS d were denitrified in the best operative conditions studied. -Vmax shows values close to those typical of the pure methanol addition (about 0.3 KgN-NO3/KgVSS d). A considerable P release (35%) was observed in the anaerobic step of the BNR process, even if not yet a completely developed P removal process.

scholarly journals Exogenous Probiotics Improve Fermentation Quality, Microflora Phenotypes, and Trophic Modes of Fermented Vegetable Waste for Animal Feed

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 644
Author(s):  
Guilin Du ◽  
Jiping Shi ◽  
Jingxian Zhang ◽  
Zhiguo Ma ◽  
Xiangcen Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Vegetable Waste ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Fermented Feed ◽  
Fermentation Quality ◽  
Leaf Vegetable

The fermentation of leaf vegetable waste to produce animal feed reduces the environmental impact of vegetable production and transforms leaf vegetable waste into a commodity. We investigated the effect of exogenous probiotics and lignocellulose enzymes on the quality and microbial community of fermented feed (FF) produced from cabbage waste. The addition of exogenous probiotics resulted in increased crude protein (CP) content (p < 0.05), better odor (moderate organic acid and ethanol, with low ammonia-N, p < 0.05), and a lower relative abundance (RA) of pathogens (below 0.4%, p < 0.05) in FF, compared to without. With the addition of exogenous probiotics, only Pediococcus and Saccharomyces were enriched and symbiotic in FF; these were the keystone taxa to reduce the abundance of aerobic, form-biofilms, and pathogenic microorganisms, resulting in an efficient anaerobic fermentation system characterized by facultative anaerobic and Gram-positive bacterial communities, and undefined saprotroph fungal communities. Thus, inoculation of vegetable waste fermentation with exogenous probiotics is a promising strategy to enhance the biotransformation of vegetable waste into animal feed.

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