scholarly journals The Analysis of a Prototype Installation for Biogas Production from Chosen Agricultural Substrates

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2132
Author(s):  
Kinga Borek ◽  
Wacław Romaniuk ◽  
Kamil Roman ◽  
Michał Roman ◽  
Maciej Kuboń
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Organic Liquid ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Alternative Processing ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Methane production by fermentation is a complex biochemical process, in which micromolecular organic substances are broken down by anaerobic bacteria into simple stabilized chemicals—mainly methane CH4 and carbon dioxide CO2. The organic matter of the slurry consists mainly of fats, proteins and carbohydrates. As a result of biochemical changes in the process of anaerobic decomposition, some of this matter is mineralized to simple chemical compounds. Cattle and pig husbandry offers enormous potential for useable biogas plant substrates. As a result of the constantly increasing amounts of animal husbandry products, and increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements aimed at reusing natural fertilizers, it is necessary to look for alternative processing methods. The need for efficiency in obtaining biogas from substrates (e.g., manure) was met by the laboratory stand presented in this article, for which the Polish patent No. 232200 was obtained. The new technology also allows leaching of the organic liquid, e.g., from manure, and subjecting it to methane fermentation. The solution allows the individual elements of the technological line that determine the fermentation process to be tested under laboratory conditions. It also allows testing of the substrates in terms of fermentation, to determine their physical and chemical characteristics, and then to characterize the fermentation process in terms of the quality and quantity of the resulting biogas and the quality of post-fermentation residues. Compressing biogas for local distribution was also proposed. As part of the research, using a laboratory stand, the organic matter was leached from manure, for the purpose of biogas production. In addition, the biogas yield from manure at varying degrees of maturity was assessed. The best properties in terms of biogas yield forecasting were demonstrated by manure composted for 4–8 weeks.

scholarly journals The usefulness of sugar beets for biogas production in relations of the storage time and sugar content

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 00114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Mioduszewska ◽  
Mariusz Adamski ◽  
Anna Smurzyńska ◽  
Jacek Przybył ◽  
Krzysztof Pilarski
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Methane Fermentation ◽  
Sugar Beets ◽  
Biogas Yield

The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of sugar beet for biogas production, taking into account the duration time of storage and sugar content in the roots. The research has included analysis of methane and biogas yield of sugar beet. The relations between the sugar content in the roots and the length of storage period and the course of the methane fermentation process were determined. Sugar beets with sugar content of 17.6% and 19.6% were used for this experiment. In order to analyse the fermentation process, the fresh beets and the beets stored in flexible, hermetic tanks in the period of 43 and 89 days were used. Based on the analysis of the obtained results, it was found that the sugar content and the storage time of sugar beet roots can differentiate the production of biomethane and that it influences the methane fermentation process and the quality of the produced biogas.

scholarly journals On the Spent Coffee Grounds Biogas Production

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 1279-1282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Vítěz ◽  
Tomáš Koutný ◽  
Martin Šotnar ◽  
Jan Chovanec
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Processing Waste ◽  
Spent Coffee Grounds ◽  
Input Material ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
The World

Due to the strict legislation currently in use for landfilling, anaerobic digestion has a strong potential as an alternative treatment for biodegradable waste. Coffee is one of the most consumed beverages in the world and spent coffee grounds (SCG) are generated in a considerable amount as a processing waste during making the coffee beverage. Chemical composition of SCG, presence of polysaccharides, proteins, and minerals makes from the SCG substrates with high biotechnological value, which might be used as valuable input material in fermentation process. The methane production ranged from 0.271–0.325 m3/kg dry organic matter.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Possibility of Management of Curly-Leaf Pondweed for Energetic Purposes

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 5477
Author(s):  
Marcin Herkowiak ◽  
Andrzej Osuch ◽  
Ewa Osuch ◽  
Bogusława Waliszewska ◽  
Grzegorz Zając
Keyword(s):  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Combustion Method ◽  
Calorimetric Study ◽  
Water Reservoirs ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Solid Biofuel ◽  
Process Studies ◽  
Curly Leaf

The possibilities of using curly-leaf pondweed for energy purposes were analyzed. This plant contributes to overgrowth of water reservoirs, causing their eutrophication. The plants examined were from two different water reservoirs: Lake Winiary (Gniezno) and Lake Rusalka (Poznan). On the basis of the investigations, it was determined that it is possible to use curly-leaf pondweed for energy purposes, both in the combustion method and in the biomethane fermentation process. Studies were performed to assess the suitability of the plants for combustion as a solid biofuel and studies on the use of pondweed as a fermenter feedstock. The calorimetric study showed the possibility of obtaining more energy for the curly-leaf pondweed coming from Lake Rusalka. The heat of combustion of these plants was 13.95 MJ·kg−1 (Winiary pondweed) and 9.10 MJ·kg−1 (Rusalka pondweed). On the other hand, the calorific value of these plants was 12.60 MJ·kg−1 (Winiary pondweed) and 7.80 MJ·kg−1 (Rusalka pondweed). In the case of biogas yield studies, significantly higher biogas production was observed for Lake Rusalka pondweed than for Lake Winiary pondweed. The total biogas yield for these plants was 8.05 m3·Mg−1 for Rusalka pondweed and 3.19 m3·Mg−1 for Winiary pondweed. Differences in the chemical composition of pondweed originating from different lakes were also found, which translated into differences in the amount of energy that could be obtained from plants from both stands.

scholarly journals Produksi Biogas dari Limbah Cair Kelapa Sawit dengan Menggunakan Reaktor Unggun Tetap tanpa Proses Pretreatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 078-084
Author(s):  
Wiharja Wiharja ◽  
Widiatmini Sih Winanti ◽  
Prasetiyadi Prasetiyadi ◽  
Amita Indah Sitomurni
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Alternative Processing ◽  
Reactor Technology ◽  
Thermophilic Conditions ◽  
Potential Resource

ABSTRACT Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) resulted from the palm oil industry is a potential resource for biogas production. In this study, POME was processed by utilizing microbes in an anaerobic condition using a fixed bed reactor. This study aimed at providing alternative processing of POME into biogas at the most optimum biogas yield without any pretreatment, taking advantage of POME conditions generated from the production process at the average temperature of 55 – 60 °C. In the anaerobic process, temperature conditions have a significant effect on bacteria's performance to degrade organic matter. In thermophilic conditions, bacteria deteriorate organic substrates more actively than in mesophilic states. This research proved that using fixed bed reactor technology to treat POME without pretreatment has generated biogas at the yield of 25.43 liters/liter of POME production. Applying this technology also demonstrated that investment and operating costs are cheaper due to having no mixing tank and fewer chemicals applications for the neutralization process. Keywords: biogas, fixed bed reactor, POME, pretreatment, thermophilic   ABSTRAK Proses pengolahan POME dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan proses fermentasi anaerobik yaitu memanfaatkan kerja bakteri anaerobik untuk memproduksi biogas. Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan alternatif pengelolaan limbah cair pabrik kelapa sawit yang dapat menghasilkan biogas yang paling optimal tanpa melakukan pretreatment. Proses yang dipilih disesuaikan dengan kondisi panas POME yang keluar proses yaitu sekitar 55 - 60 oC. Kondisi temperatur sangat berpengaruh nyata terhadap kinerja bakteri pendegradasi bahan organik di dalam limbah cair dalam proses anaerobik. Pada kondisi termofilik bakteri lebih aktif dibandingkan pada kondisi mesofilik. Melalui penelitian ini, dapat diketahui bahwa dengan menggunakan teknologi reaktor fixed bed untuk mengolah POME tanpa adanya pretreatment, biogas tetap dapat diperoleh dengan perolehan rata rata 25,43 liter per liter POME. Dengan menggunakan teknologi ini biaya investasi dan operasi akan lebih murah dikarenakan tidak memerlukan bak pencampur dan penggunaan bahan kimia untuk proses netralisasi. Kata kunci: Biogas, reaktor fixed bed, POME, pretreatment, termofilik

Effects of Fermentation Temperature and Waste Paper (as Auxiliary Feedstock) on Biogas Yield of Ulva pertusa

2013 ◽  
Vol 666 ◽  
pp. 43-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu Chen Li ◽  
Xiao Hua Gu ◽  
Guo Chen Zhang ◽  
Chen Xiao Mu ◽  
Qian Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Methane Content ◽  
Ulva Pertusa ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Waste Paper ◽  
Fermentation Conditions ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Fermentation Liquor

Experimental studies on biogas yield of Ulva pertusa were carried out at different fermentation conditions. At 25°C, 35°C and 45°C, the biogas yield from fermentation of Ulva pertusa were 223.2mL/gVS, 256.2mL/gVS and 300.0mL/gVS,respectively, while the methane content in the biogas produced at 35°C was the highest. In addition, biogas yield reached to 482.5mL/gVS and 499.6mL/gVS by adding waste paper of 3.5g and 7.0g to the fermentation liquor, the corresponding methane content in the biogas were 56.0% and 51.2%, respectively. Comparatively, higher biogas yield, methane content and system stability could obtain from Ulva pertusa by adding 3.5g ~ 7.0g of waste paper and fermentation at 35°C.The fermentation process of Ulva pertusa for biogas production generally lasted for 19~25 days.

scholarly journals Biogas Fermentation from Vegetable Waste and Horse Rumen Involving Effective Microorganism-4 (EM4)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mimin Septian ◽  
Irhamni Nuhardin ◽  
Arief Muliawan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Vegetable Waste ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Effective Microorganism

A vegetable waste is an organic matter that contains cellulose which potential to be processed into biogas with anaerobic fermentation process. The aims of this research are to find out how long time to produce biogas from vegetable waste and horse Rumen by using EM4, what does the effect of the addition of EM4 to the biogas yield and the content of the produced gas. Vegetables waste and Rumen rasio 1:1 (500g:500g). Water Content of 500g. Addition variable of EM4 in each digester are 0 ml, 50 ml, 100 ml, 150 ml dan 200 ml. Fermentation process takes time about 3 to 15 days.  This result shows that the average time of fermentation lasts up to 11 days. The addition of 150 ml EM4 generate the highest pressure, come to 322.801 Pa, capable of producing the highest biogas yield of 0.2679 % with CO2content of 5.15 %.

scholarly journals Disintegration of Wastewater Activated Sludge (WAS) for Improved Biogas Production: A Mini Review

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanisław Wacławek ◽  
Klaudiusz Grübel ◽  
Daniele Silvestri ◽  
Vinod V.T. Padil ◽  
Maria Ząbkowska-Wacławek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Waste Activated Sludge ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Digestion Process ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Due to rapid urbanization, the quantity of wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) has increased, and with it the amount of waste generated by them. Sustainable management of this waste can lead to the creation of energy-rich biogas through the fermentation process. This review presents recent advances in the anaerobic digestion process resulting in greater biogas production. Disintegration techniques for enhancing waste activated sludge fermentation can be generally partitioned into biological, physical and chemical, each of which are covered in this review. These disintegration techniques were compared mainly in terms of their biogas yield. It was found that ultrasonic and microwave disintegration provides the highest biogas yield (>500%); however, they are also the most energy demanding (>10,000 kJ kg-1 total solids).

scholarly journals Acclimation of microorganisms for an efficient production of volatile fatty acids and biogas from mezcal vinasses in a dark fermentation process

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Díaz-Barajas ◽  
M. A. Garzón-Zúñiga ◽  
I. Moreno-Andrade ◽  
J. M. Vigueras-Cortés ◽  
B. E. Barragán-Huerta
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Dark Fermentation ◽  
Efficient Production

Abstract Mezcal is an alcoholic artisanal drink made from agave plants in Mexico. Its production causes the generation of wastewater called vinasses, which are highly polluting residues due to its concentration of organic matter as chemical oxygen demand (COD) (35,000–122,000 mg/L) and acidity (pH < 4). Due to their organic content, these residues can be used in dark fermentation to obtain biogas, which is rich in hydrogen. In this work, the acclimation of inoculum by means of a dark fermentation process, in the presence of toxic compounds from mezcal vinasses was studied. The strategy of increasing the initial concentration of vinasse in each treatment cycle in a SBR reactor was applied. It was possible to obtain a maximum biogas production of 984 ± 187 mL/L, from vinasses (18,367 ± 1,200 mg COD/L), with an organic matter removal efficiency of 20 ± 1%. A maximum generation of volatile fatty acids (VFA) of 980 ± 538 mg/L equivalent to a production of 74 ± 21% of the influent concentration and removal rate of organic matter of 1,125 ± 234 mg COD/L d−1 equivalent to a removal efficiency of 20 ± 4% was obtained from vinasses with a concentration of 19,648 ± 1,702 mg COD/L.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Komposisi Subtrat dari Campuran Kotoran Sapi dan Rumput Gajah (Pennisetum purpureum) terhadap Produktivitas Biogas pada Digester Semi Kontinu

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Agus Haryanto ◽  
Rivan Okfrianas ◽  
Winda Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Biogas Production ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Daily Temperature ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Working Volume

A B S T R A C TThis study aims to determine the effect of substrate composition on biogas production from a mixture of cow dung and elephant grass using semi-continuous digester. Fresh cow dung and elephant grass were obtained from Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung. Elephant grass was knife-chopped, crushed using a blender and then mixed with cow dung at a total solid (TS) ratio between elephant grass and cow dung varies from 35:65 (P1), 40:60 (P2), 45:55 (P3), and 50:50 (P4). This mixture was then diluted with tap water until its TS content reach 5% and was used as substrate. Four semi-continuous digesters (labeled as P1 to P4) having a capacity of 36 L and working volume of 28 L were initially loaded with 22 L of diluted fresh cow dung (dilution ratio of 1:1) as a starter (source of bacteria) and were left until stable condition. When the biogas was produced, the prepared substrate was added daily into the respective digester at a loading rate of 500 mL.d-1. Parameters to be observed included daily temperature and pH of the substrate, daily biogas production, TS and VS content, and biogas quality. The results showed that the digester worked at average pH of 6.9 and the daily temperature 26.3 to 29.7°C. The total biogas production for 60 days was 608.4, 676.8, 600.0, and 613.3 L, respectively for P1, P2, P3, and P4. Biogas yield after the substrate achieving the designed composition was 254 (P1), 260 (P2), 261 (P3), and 271 L.m-3 of the substrate (P4). The addition of elephant grass up to 50% could maintain high production of biogas.Keywords: biogas; cow dung; elephant grass; productivity; semi-continuous A B S T R A KPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh komposisi substrat terhadap produktivitas biogas dari campuran kotoran sapi dan rumput gajah pada digester semi kontinu. Rumput gajah dan kotoran sapi segar diperoleh dari Jurusan Peternakan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Lampung. Rumput gajah dipotong menggunakan pisau dan dihancurkan dengan blender hingga halus dan dicampurkan dengan kotoran sapi pada perbandingan berat padatan kering (TS) 35:65 (P1), 40:60 (P2), 45:55 (P3), dan 50:50 (P4). Campuran ini diencerkan dengan air hingga kandungan TS mencapai 5% dan digunakan sebagai substrat. Empat digester semi kontinu (diberi label P1 hingga P4) dengan volume kerja 28 L mula-mula diisi dengan 22 L starter kotoran sapi segar yang diencerkan dengan air pada perbandingan berat 1:1 dan dibiarkan hingga stabil. Setelah gas mulai diproduksi, substrat yang telah dipersiapkan (sesuai label) ditambahkan ke dalam masing-masing digester dengan laju pembebanan 500 mL hari-1. Parameter yang diamati meliputi suhu harian, pH substrat, kandungan TS dan VS, produksi biogas, dan kualitas biogas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa digester bekerja pada pH rata-rata 6,9 dan suhu harian antara 26,3–29,7°C. Total produksi biogas selama 60 hari adalah 608,4; 676,8; 600,0; dan 613,3 L berturut-turut untuk P1, P2, P3, dan P4. Produktivitas biogas setelah substrat mencapai komposisi yang direncanakan adalah 254 (P1), 260 (P2), 261 (P3), dan 271 L/m-3 substrat (P4). Penambahan rumput gajah hingga 50% masih menghasilkan biogas yang tinggi.Kata kunci: biogas; kotoran sapi; produktivitas; rumput gajah; semi-kontinu

scholarly journals Recent Updates on the Use of Agro-Food Waste for Biogas Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marisa Caruso ◽  
Ada Braghieri ◽  
Angela Capece ◽  
Fabio Napolitano ◽  
Patrizia Romano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Biogas Yield

The production of biogas from anaerobic digestion (AD) of residual agro-food biomasses represents an opportunity for alternative production of energy from renewable sources, according to the European Union legislation on renewable energy. This review provides an overview of the various aspects involved in this process with a focus on the best process conditions to be used for AD-based biogas production from residual agro-food biomasses. After a schematic description of the AD phases, the biogas plants with advanced technologies were described, pointing out the strengths and the weaknesses of the different digester technologies and indicating the main parameters and operating conditions to be monitored. Subsequently, a brief analysis of the factors affecting methane yield from manure AD was conducted and the AD of fruit and vegetables waste was examined. Particular attention was given to studies on co-digestion and pre-treatments as strategies to improve biogas yield. Finally, the selection of specific microorganisms and the genetic manipulation of anaerobic bacteria to speed up the AD process was illustrated. The open challenges concern the achievement of the highest renewable energy yields reusing agro-food waste with the lowest environmental impact and an increment of competitiveness of the agricultural sector in the perspective of a circular economy.

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