The Impact of Hybrid Vehicles on Street Crossings

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Wiener ◽  
Koorosh Naghshineh ◽  
Brad Salisbury ◽  
Randall Rozema
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Vehicles ◽  
The Impact

ANALYSIS OF OPERATION OF HYBRID VEHICLES IN ELECTRIC DRIVE TRAIN MODE

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Толмачев ◽  
P. Tolmachev ◽  
Попов ◽  
I. Popov ◽  
Хмелев ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Drive ◽  
Electric Motor ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Hybrid Vehicle ◽  
Hybrid Vehicles ◽  
Drive Train ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Hybrid Power ◽  
The Impact

The article is devoted to the analysis of operation vehicles with hybrid power plants in electric drive train mode. The main advantages of hybrid vehicles were considered when driving using the electric motor. The experiments were conducted on the stand GNFA HE-3020 which is simulating the operation of a hybrid vehicle the Peugeot 3008 Hybrid4. The impact of road conditions on the power reserve and the recuperation of energy were analyzed. Based on results, the graphs were constructed and regression equations were made.

Brake force sharing to improve lateral stability while regenerative braking in a turn

2017 ◽  
Vol 233 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
CS Nanda Kumar ◽  
Shankar C Subramanian
Keyword(s):  
Rear Wheel ◽  
Hybrid Vehicles ◽  
Regenerative Braking ◽  
Lateral Stability ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Force Sharing ◽  
Wheel Drive ◽  
Brake Force ◽  
Brake Force Distribution ◽  
The Impact

In electric and hybrid vehicles, regenerative braking is applied only at the driven wheels by the electric drive, whereas the non-driven wheels are not subjected to brake force during the pure regenerative braking mode. The application of pure regenerative brake may affect the vehicle’s lateral stability during a turn. The impact could be more severe when the pure regenerative brake is applied at the turn on the rear wheels (for a rear wheel drive vehicle) over a low friction road surface. As part of a solution to reduce this impact, a brake force sharing (BFS) strategy between regenerative and friction brake has been proposed in this paper, which improves the brake force distribution between front and rear wheels to ensure a stable turn. The vehicle model and the BFS strategy were developed, and the IPG Car Maker® software was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. The simulation results on BFS strategy have been corroborated using experimental data collected from a test vehicle. Further, a closed loop control structure was developed for implementing the proposed BFS strategy in electric and hybrid vehicles.

The End of the Express Road for Hybrid Vehicles: Can Governments’ Green Product Incentives Backfire?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng He ◽  
O. Cem Ozturk ◽  
Chris Gu ◽  
Jorge Mario Silva-Risso
Keyword(s):  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Hybrid Vehicles ◽  
Green Product ◽  
Product Demand ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S

We empirically study the impact of the HOV-incentive launch and termination on green and non‐green product demand in the U.S. automobile industry.

Impact of Electric and Hybrid Vehicles on Highway Trust Fund in Alabama

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (9) ◽  
pp. 913-921
Author(s):  
Dan Xu ◽  
Huaguo Zhou ◽  
Chennan Xue ◽  
Jeffrey LaMondia
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicles ◽  
Hybrid Vehicles ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
Trust Fund ◽  
Fuel Tax ◽  
Excise Tax ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Review ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this paper is to help state agencies better understand the impact of electric and hybrid vehicles on the Highway Trust Fund and to develop a method for estimating proper annual registration fees for electric vehicles (EVs). In this study, a comprehensive literature review was conducted to summarize the background on electric and hybrid vehicles, current national and state policies and incentives, the trend of EV market in the U.S., and registration fees on electric and hybrid vehicles. As electric and hybrid vehicles do not contribute to fuel excise tax revenue, to compensate the lost tax revenues, some states charge additional annual registration fees to EV owners. To help the legislators determine the proper annual fees, a method was developed to assess the additional registration fees for EVs and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) in Alabama. The collected data include number of registered electric and hybrid vehicles, fuel tax per gallon, and annual average mileage traveled by electric and hybrid vehicles in Alabama. The results of this study served as a key reference in the Rebuild Alabama Act that proposed an annual registration fee of $200 and $100 for EVs and PHEVs, respectively, which is effective since January 2020. The method in this study can be applied to other states for developing policies on registration fees for EVs and PHEVs to offset the fuel excise tax revenue loss.

scholarly journals Comparative environmental impacts of Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles with Hybrid Vehicles and Electric Vehicles in China—Based on Life Cycle Assessment

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 02010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ningning Ha
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Hybrid Vehicles ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Whole Life Cycle

In China, the growth of new energy vehicles is especially rapid and the explosive growth of the automobile brought an increasing impact on the environment. This paper selected Electric Vehicles, Hybrid Vehicles and Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles of the same model of BYD as the object. We established a Life Cycle Assessment with GaBi6 software and CML2001 model. The results show that in the whole life cycle, the influences of ADP, GWP and ODP of Electric Vehicles are less than that of Hybrid Vehicles and Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles. The impact of Electric Vehicles are 39%, 50%, and 4% of the Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles and the Hybrid Vehicles’ impact are 65%, 78% and 85% of the Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles. Electric Vehicles and Hybrid Vehicles have a clear improvement in these three types of impacts. The comparison results of AP, EP, FAETP, MAETP and POCP show that the potential impact of Electric Vehicles is greater than that of Hybrid Vehicles and Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles. At present, improving production technology and reducing the consumption of energy during production phase are effective measures to reduce the environmental impact of Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles and Hybrid Vehicles of China.

scholarly journals Energy Assessment of a Plug-in Hybrid Vehicle Propulsion Management System

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Campino ◽  
Nuno Henriques ◽  
Gonçalo Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Hybrid Vehicles ◽  
State Of Charge ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Battery Charge ◽  
Energy Assessment ◽  
European Regulations ◽  
The Impact

Plug-In hybrid vehicles have a complex propulsion system management, trying to manage the conventional and electric motorization in the most energy efficient way according to the driving dynamics, topography and battery charge state. In this sense, the aim of this work is to analyze the energy performance of plug-in hybrid vehicles, based on road tests, under real conditions of use, focusing on the management system of the two energy sources present, varying the level of battery charge at the start of the test to visualize the impact of this change. To complement the analysis and in order to better understand the operation of the management system, a methodology for applying the VSP parameter is used, which allows the load state to be approximated according to the vehicle’s operating mode, alternating between the three modes according to the conditions at the time in question, prioritizing the electric motor when the state of charge of the battery is maximum. These results confirm the fact that plug-in hybrid vehicles allow better electricity management due to the diversity of external or internal charging sources, which makes this type of vehicle more efficient and versatile than conventional hybrids, allowing a reduction in fossil fuel consumption and consequently a reduction in the emission of pollutant gases, making this type of vehicle a very competitive alternative in the transport sector in view of the current challenges due to the goals present in the current European regulations. Keywords: Plug-in hybrid vehicles, Energy assessment, Climatization systems, Load support, State of charge

scholarly journals The social and environmental impact of hybrid cars

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Asima ◽  
Adnan Ali Al Bimani ◽  
Ahmed Said Mohammed Al Saqri ◽  
Maria Matriano
Keyword(s):  
Government Policy ◽  
Hybrid Vehicles ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Hybrid Car ◽  
The Social ◽  
Gasoline Vehicles ◽  
The Impact

Technology is rapidly evolving in this 21st century era. It is a marvel to behold as it makes human lives much easier. With advancement of technology and increase of vehicles and factories, pollution and destruction of natural resources has increased on a huge scale. The study is based on a product substitute, introduced to replace vehicles which run on gasoline, with a hybrid of electric and gasoline vehicles. The objective of this research will be aiming at understanding the effect of hybrid cars on the environment. An analysis of the hybrid cars will be carried out along with evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of said vehicles from the perspective of customers, support and maintenance. The research will also aim on proposing a government policy that must be implemented to regulate the usage of hybrid vehicles. The methodology used for this research will consist of primary sources wherein meetings will be conducted with the company selling such cars or people who own them. Secondary sources will include literature review from research papers and online blogs. With this study, the researchers hope to achieve a clear understanding on the influence of hybrid cars on the environment and individuals, the way hybrid cars operate, its advantages and disadvantages and the proposed government policy that will regulate the impact of hybrid car on environment.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Dynamics Simulation Tool for Hybrid APU and Full Electric Vehicle

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1207
Author(s):  
Giulia Sandrini ◽  
Marco Gadola ◽  
Daniel Chindamo
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Maximum Error ◽  
Hybrid Vehicles ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Simulation Tool ◽  
Driving Simulators ◽  
Hybrid Powertrains ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Electric Powertrains

Due to problems related to environmental pollution and fossil fuels consumption that have not infinite availability, the automotive sector is increasingly moving towards electric powertrains. The most limiting aspect of this category of vehicles is certainly the battery pack, regarding the difficulty in obtaining high range with good performance and low weights. The aim of this work is to provide a simulation tool, which allows for the analysis of the performance of different types of electric and hybrid powertrains, concerning both mechanical and electrical aspects. Through this model it is possible to test different vehicle configurations before prototype realization or to investigate the impact that subsystems’ modifications may have on a vehicle under development. This will allow to speed-up the model-based design process typical for fully electric and hybrid vehicles. The model aims to be at the same time complete but simple enough to lower the simulation time and computational burden so that it can be used in real-time applications, such as driving simulators. All this reduces the time and costs of vehicle design. Validation is also provided, based on a real vehicle and comparison with another consolidated simulation tool. Maximum error on mechanical quantities is proved to be within 5% while on electrical quantities it is always lower than 10%.

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